Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Optimally controlled heating of solid particles in a fluidised bed with a dispersive flow of the solid

Poświata A., Szwast Z.

Chemical and Process Engineering

|

2016

|

Vol. 37, nr 1

65--76

EN

In this study the authors minimise the total process cost for the heating of solid particles in a horizontal fluidised bed by an optimal choice of the inlet heating gas temperature profile and the total gas flow. Solid particles flowed along the apparatus and were heated by a hot gas entering from the bottom of the fluidised apparatus. The hydrodynamics of the fluidised bed is described by a twophase Kunii – Levenspiel model. We assumed that the gas was flowing only vertically, whereas solid particles were flowing horizontally and because of dispersion they could be additionally mixed up in the same direction. The mixing rate was described by the axial dispersion coefficient. As any economic values of variables describing analysing process are subject to local and time fluctuations, the accepted objective function describes the total cost of the process expressed in exergy units. The continuous optimisation algorithm of the Maximum Principle was used for calculations. A mathematical model of the process, including boundary conditions in a form convenient for optimisation, was derived and presented. The optimization results are presented as an optimal profile of inlet gas temperature. The influence of heat transfer kinetics and dispersion coefficients on optimal runs of the heating process is discussed. Results of this discussion constitute a novelty in comparison to information presented in current literature.

2

Cena zacieniania mieszkań - rekompensata

Werner W. A.

Budownictwo i Prawo

|

2016

|

R. 19, nr 4

13--16

PL

Podstawowym walorem inwestycji budowlanych jest optymalne wykorzystanie dostępnej przestrzeni - szacowane prawdopodobnymi efektami ekonomicznymi, możliwymi do osiągnięcia w planowanym czasie. Istotną barierę uzyskiwania satysfakcjonujących wyników inwestycyjnych stanowią przepisy techniczne dotyczące, tzw. przesłaniania i zacieniania mieszkań przez projektowane obiekty, w zasięgu których znajdują się mieszkania. Pojawia się zatem problem wyceny wartości, jaką jest dopływ słońca do mieszkania, a więc cena słońca, którą trzeba zapłacić właścicielom mieszkań za częściowe lub całkowite zacienienie mieszkania, a więc obniżenie jego wartości. Pozbawionej jednej z cech jakościowych. Przedstawiono własną metodę i oryginalny wzór obliczania ubytku wartości mieszkań całkowicie lub częściowo zacienionych.

EN

The primary economic quality of architectural design is the optimal use of space - estimated by probable functional results, achievable within the scheduled time. There is a barrier to achieving satisfactory investment results in the form of technical regulations regarding so called obscuring and shading of residential apartments by designer structures in whose vicinity such apartments are located. Owners of obscured apartments demand financial compensation from investors for partial or complete deprivation of sunlight, thereby reducing the value of an apartment. Therefore, there is an issue of estimating the value of sunlight supply to the potentially shaded apartments, i.e. an arbitrarily specified price of sunlight. This report presents a method and original formula for calculating the loss of value of apartments partially or completely deprived of sunlight.

3

Minimalizacja kosztów ogrzewania fluidalnego rozdrobnionego ciała stałego z wykorzystaniem egzergii gazu odlotowego

Poświata A.

Inżynieria i Aparatura Chemiczna

|

2015

|

Nr 6

350--351

PL

Praca dotyczy problemu optymalizacji procesu ogrzewania cząstek ciała stałego w poziomym fluidalnym wymienniku ciepła. W modelu uwzględniono dyspersję osiową dla przepływającego ciała stałego. Podczas optymalizacji minimalizowany jest całkowity koszt procesu przez wyznaczenie ilości gazu ogrzewającego oraz profilu temperatury tego gazu dla przypadku wykorzystania egzergii gazów opuszczających złoże. Wyniki obliczeń optymalizacyjnych pokazują wpływ liczby Pecleta i kinetyki procesu na profile optymalnej temperatury gazu oraz optymalny całkowity przepływ gazu.

EN

This study concerns the optimization issue of solid particles heating in a horizontal fluidized heat exchanger. A model of the process takes into account the axial dispersion of solid particles. A total cost of the process is minimized by searching heating gas flow rate and a profile of inlet gas temperature for the outlet gas exergy fully used. The results of optimization calculations are presented. An influence of the Peclet number and process kinetics on the profile of gas optimal temperature and on the optimal total flow rate was analyzed.

4

Modele dla potrzeb rozwiązywania zadań optymalizacji taryf

Pytlak R., Stecz W.

Gospodarka Materiałowa i Logistyka

|

2014

|

nr 7

24--32

PL

W artykule zaprezentowano metody optymalizacji stawek taryfowych telefonii komórkowej z punktu widzenia klienta. Klient stara się minimalizować swoje miesięczne obciążenia rachunkami poprzez dobór optymalnej taryfy telekomunikacyjnej. Zaprezentowano model przydatny dla klientów firm telekomunikacyjnych, które są większymi spółkami, i dla których konstrukcje taryf są bardziej złożone. Opisano przykładowe modele całkowitoliczbowe (MIP) i ich rozszerzenia na programowanie z ograniczeniami (CLP). Podano przykłady w językach ECLiPSe i ILOG CLP.

EN

We present the methods of telecommunication tariff optimization from a point of client’s view. A client which wants to minimize his monthly fees tries to choose a proper tariff model. In case of large companies these models are more complicated and the optimization models should be used. We describe a simple MIP models and their modifications solved with CLP solvers. All the examples were solved with ILOG and ECLiPSe MIP and CLP solvers.

5

Accelerated Particle Swarm Optimization-based Approach to the Optimal Design of Substation Grounding Grid

El-Fergany A.

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

|

2013

|

R. 89, nr 7

30--34

EN

This article presents an application of the Accelerated Particle Swarm Optimization based approach to minimize the cost of grounding grids in high voltage substations while maintaining the legitimacy of safety necessities. The cost effectiveness and the constraints of ground potential rise, step and touch potentials are adapted to formulate optimized solutions for the grounding grid planning problem. The proposed approach attempts to calculate the optimal values of the grounding conductor lengths, cross sectional area, number of vertical rods, and depth of conductor burial while respecting a set of constraints within pre-set acceptable limits. Several test cases of grounding grid planning, some of them for real projects, are demonstrated to validate the proposed method. The superiority and efficacy of Accelerated Particle Swarm Optimization have been acknowledged in terms of grounding grid cost minimization, stable performance and short CPU computational time.

PL

W artykule zaprezentowano wykorzystanie algorytmu rojowego do minimalizacji kosztów sieci uziemiającej w podstacji wysokiego napięcia. Zaproponowany algorytm optymalizuje długość przewodu uziemiającego, liczbę prętów i głębokość przy założonych kryteriach. Przedstawiono wyniki symulacji i eksperymentu.

6

Optimal location of interline power flow controller in a power system network using ABC algorithm

Sreejith S., Psimon S., Selvan M.P.

Archives of Electrical Engineering

|

2013

|

Vol. 62, nr 1

91-110

EN

This paper proposes a methodology based on installation cost for locating the optimal position of interline power flow controller (IPFC) in a power system network. Here both conventional and non conventional optimization tools such as LR and ABC are applied. This methodology is formulated mathematically based on installation cost of the FACTS device and active power generation cost. The capability of IPFC to control the real and reactive power simultaneously in multiple transmission lines is exploited here. Apart from locating the optimal position of IPFC, this algorithm is used to find the optimal dispatch of the generating units and the optimal value of IPFC parameters. IPFC is modeled using Power Injection (PI) model and incorporated into the problem formulation. This proposed method is compared with that of conventional LR method by validating on standard test systems like 5-bus, IEEE 30-bus and IEEE 118-bus systems. A detailed discussion on power flow and voltage profile improvement is carried out which reveals that incorporating IPFC into power system network in its optimal location significantly enhance the load margin as well as the reliability of the system.

7

The Impact of the Load Characteristics on the Assessment and Optimization of the Shunt Compensation of Distribution Feeders

Saied M. M.

Electrical Power Quality and Utilisation. Journal

|

2009

|

Vol. 15, iss. 1

9--14

EN

The paper gives the results of applying an alternative procedure for the economical as-sessment and optimization of the shunt compensation of radial power distribution feeders with con¬centrated and/or distributed loading, taking into account the feeder copper losses as well .is the installation cost of capacitors. In addition to the energy and capacitor specific costs, the objective function depends on the si/e and location of the capacitor, the feeder resistance, the voltage level, and the load current. The results <»f a detailed parameter study on the impact of the load parameters are presented. The study focuses primarily on the impact of the load factor, the load power factor as well as the feeder's loading profile.