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Simultaneous quantification of cortisol and cortisone in serums and saliva from depressive patients by supported liquid extraction coupled to HPLC–MS/MSs

Chen Binbin, Lyu Haiyan, Xu Xiangzhen, Wang Chen

Acta Chromatographica

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2020

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Vol. 32, no. 4

269--275

EN

Cortisol and cortisone are 2 important glucocorticoids produced in the human hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis that respond to stress. An analytical method to determinate cortisol and cortisone in serum and saliva using high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry following a supported liquid extraction (SLE) was developed. Serum and saliva samples of 0.2 mL were extracted by SLE three times using 0.4 mL of methyl tert-butyl ether each time. The chromatographic separation was obtained on an Agilent Poroshell column using a 0.01% formic acid buffer and acetonitrile (60:40, v/v) as the solvent with a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. Optimized quantitative mass transitions for cortisol, cortisone, and cortisone d-4 were 363.2/121.0 (m/z), 361.2/163.1 (m/z), and 367.1/270.7 (m/z), respectively. The method validation was achieved according to regulatory guidance. The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) in serum were 2 ng/mL for cortisol and 1 ng/mL for cortisone, and the LLOQ in saliva were 0.1 ng/mL for cortisol and 0.2 ng/mL for cortisone. The developed method showed convenient and efficient extraction, a lower LLOQ, and a short running time. Modest correlations between serum and saliva cortisol and cortisone concentrations were found. The method was successfully applied in assessing the HPA condition of patients with depressive disorders.

2

A preliminary study of estimating a mental workload with web-browsing using stress biomarkers

Nomura S., Fujita M., Sakamoto T.

Journal of Medical Informatics & Technologies

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2015

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Vol. 24

53--58

EN

The Recent rapid growth of the information technology aid people to improve the performance in processing their job activities. These changes, in turn, force them to carry out their job activities using computers in the workplace; that results in the increase of somatic and/or mental stresses. In this study, we conducted a preliminary experiment to estimate an impact of web-browsing on human mind and body. Two types of web-browsing tasks, which are a 18-minuetes of continuous web-browsing and an intermittent web-browsing (first 45 second of each 1-minutes interval), were given to the subjects (10 healthy male aged from 20-23) with within-subjects experimental design. With regard to physiological measures, two prominent stress biomarkers, salivary immunoglobulin A (IgA) and cortisol, were employed. Comparing among the task conditions, relatively larger and long-lasting increase of IgA and smaller decrease of cortisol was observed with an intermittent web-browsing despite there was no difference in the psychological state. These results illustrate the difficulty of estimating the mental workload caused by web-browsing and the importance of employing physiological indices.

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The effect of the odor of isovaleric acid and japanese cypress on human immune and endocrine secretion - a preriminaly study

Hasegawa-Ohira M., Nomura S.

Journal of Medical Informatics & Technologies

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2011

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Vol. 17

167--172

EN

The effect of pleasant and unpleasant odor on human physiological state was preliminary investigated by assessing salivary substances. A term ”pleasant“ (or unpleasant) is rather showing one's subjective and thus mental state meanwhile the odor itself should give an impact to both human mind and body. This study was aimed at investigating an effect of pleasant/unpleasant odors on human body and mind. In the experiment the odor of isovaleric acid, as an unpleasant odor, and Japanese cypress, as a pleasant one, were exposed to subjects for 18 minutes. Salivary immune substance (Immunoglobulin A: IgA) and glucocorticoid (cortisol) were determined every three minutes as for an indices of the impact of the odors on human immune and endocrine secretion. As a developing result, IgA showed an increase by isovaleric odor whilst cortisol decreased, even though the concentration of that unpleasant odor was too low to be aware of. These changes in the secretion of the substances were discussed in relation with human physiological stress reaction mechanism.

4

The Effect of Bright Light on Physiological Circadian Rhythms and Subjective Alertness of Shift Work Nurses in Iran

Kakooei H., Ardakani Z. Z., Ayattollahi M. T., Karimian M., Saraji G. B., Owji A. A.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2010

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Vol. 16, No. 4

477--485

EN

In this study, the effects of bright light (BL) on the rhythms in body temperature, plasma melatonin, plasma cortisol and subjective alertness, in 34 shift work nurses at a university hospital were assessed. They were exposed to very BL (4 500 lx) during 2 breaks (21:15–22:00 and 3:15–4:00) or dim light (300 lx). The subjects were studied under 24 h of realistic conditions during which their plasma cortisol and melatonin were measured at 3-h intervals; their body temperature was also measured during and after night shift work. Subjective alertness was evaluated with the Karolinska sleepiness scale. Administration of BL significantly suppressed night-time melatonin levels. A one-way ANOVA revealed that BL tended to increase cortisol levels and body temperature and significantly improved alertness. These results demonstrate that photic stimulation in a hospital setting can have a powerful influence on the adjustment of the circadian system.

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Effect of music on the sectretion of salivary cortisol after the removal of short-term stressful task

Nomura S.

Journal of Medical Informatics & Technologies

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2009

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Vol. 13

19--22

EN

Our experience tells us the power of music on human body and mind. Moreover a series of psycho-physiological studies has revealed the positive effects of music on human autonomous nervous system such as alleviating the symptom of the hypertension. However little has been known about the effects of music on human endocrine system, which plays the dominant role for forming our life. In this study, the effect of music on the secretion of the salivary cortisol, a major glucocorticoid hormone, was investigated in a laboratory experiment. In a stream of stress psycho-physiological study, cortisol is considered as a feasible stress biomarker. In the experiment ten healthy male students were exposed to music, noise, and silence condition followed by a simple but stressful calculation task. As a result, the significant difference in the cortisol responses among the condition was observed; the salivary cortisol was decreased after the music treatment. This result plausibly demonstrated the effects of music on human hormonal secretion and might imply the power of music.

6

Circadian Rhythm of Heart Rate, Urinary Cortisol Excretion, and Sleep in Civil Air Traffic Controllers

Zużewicz K., Kwarecki K., Waterhouse J.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2000

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Vol. 6, No. 3

383--392

EN

The examination of Air Traffic Controllers (ATCs) from the Warsaw Airport (Poland) included 24-hr ECG monitoring. The participants were 10 civil ATCs, 9 males and 1 woman. The study was carried out on a group of 19 ATCs during their duty periods, 14 of them working 12-hr shifts and 5 performing 24-hr duties. The participants collected urine every 4 hrs, and cortisol concentration was determined. Further, the survey included the quality and duration of sleep, and subjective fatigue in the 62 participants. In ATCs, shift work modifies natural rhythms of the circulatory system and decreases the ability for intensified mental work at night. In consequence ATCs experience frequent sleep disorders.