Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Reef-dweling Christmas tree worms (Spirobranchus, Serpulidae, Polychaeta), on Porites Corals: Densities and age structure

Luthfi Oktiyas Muzaky, Isdianto Andik, Akbar Dzikrillah

Polish Journal of Ecology

|

2023

|

Vol. 71, nr 4

115--125

EN

The primary objective of this study was to investigate the densities and age structure of Christmas tree worms Spirobranchus sp. (Serpulidae, Polychaeta), on colonies of massive stony corals of the genus Porites, which have not been reported before in the region. Pulau Sempu, East Java, Indonesia. Pulau Sempu is a small island and also the sole remaining nature reserve within the region of. This small island is encompassed by shallow and narrow fringing reefs, characterized by a composition of algae and an occurrence of hard corals, specifically from genera Porites, Pocillopora, and Coelastrea (formerly known as Goniastrea). The majority of Porites specimens creating a narrow reef encompassing the island is colonized by boring polychaets known as the Christmas tree worms, Spirobranchus sp., which inhabit the interior of coral skeletons. Studies were carried out in two specific locations within the nature reserve Pulau Sempu, i.e., Watu Mejo and Waru-Waru. Two species: Spirobranchus corniculatus and Spirobranchus cruciger, have been identified dwelling on corals. Our findings indicated that the density of the worms residing in large Porites was 8.62 individuals/ m2 in Watu Mejo and 9.02 individuals/m2 in Waru-Waru. The age of the worms found on Pulau Sempu, as determined by operculum size, ranged between 14 and 22 years. Worm age differ among study sites with older individuals observed at Waru-Waru.

2

Late Badenian zooxanthellate corals of the Medobory Hills (western Ukraine) and their environmental significance

Górka A.

Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae

|

2018

|

Vol. 88, No. 3

243--256

EN

Zooxanthellate corals in the Badenian (Langhian to lower Serravallian) of western Ukraine occur in different lithofacies, but are most abundant in the upper Badenian coralgal reefs of the Ternopil Beds. The coral assemblage consists of five genera, with two predominant (Tarbellastraea and Porites) and three strongly subordinate (Favia, Heliastraea, Siderastrea). The present study is the first record of Heliastraea defrancei in the Fore-Carpathian Basin. The taxonomic composition of the corals indicates that their development occurred in conditions of some ecological stress, most probably connected with climate (location at the northern limit of coral distribution) and sedimentary environment (possible influx of terrigenous material). The coral assemblage shows similarities to numerous fossil reefs of Miocene age from the Paratethyan and Mediterranean realms.

3

Jak zrobić biskwitowe korale

Osiński D., Osiński D.

Szkło i Ceramika

|

2013

|

R. 64, nr 6

46

4

Prolific development of pachythecaliines in Late Barremian, Bulgaria: coral taxonomy and sedimentary environment

Kołodziej B., Ivanov M., Idakieva V.

Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae

|

2012

|

Vol. 82, No. 4

291–-330

EN

Diversified and abundant corals of the suborder Pachythecaliina (order Hexanthiniaria) are described from Upper Barremian, biostromal reefs of the Emen Formation, Lovech Urgonian Group, north central Bulgaria. The corals are mostly of the phaceloid growth form and represent 14 species (six new), 12 genera (three new), belonging to five families. Pachythecaliines occur with the small, monopleurid cylindrical rudist Mathesia darderi. The rudists frequently are densely clustered, occur between coral branches or are in contact with them. Other corals, with the exception of the phaceloid Calamophylliopsis, and other rudists, are rare. Non-laminated microbialite crusts provided additional, structural support for bioconstruction development. Microbialites (automicrites) can be interpreted as a product of microbial activity, or alternatively, as a result of carbonate precipitation, brought about by non-living organic substrates (organomineralization s.s.). In addition to microbialites, metazoans are encrusted by heterotrophic skeletal microorganisms, while photophilic and oligotrophic microencrusters, usually common in other coral-bearing limestones of the Emen Formation, are very rare. The section at the Rusalya Quarry (NW of Veliko Tarnovo), about 42 m thick, provides the sedimentary and environmental context for the reefal biostromes. The vertical biotic and sedimentary succession displays a general shallowing trend: from the outer carbonate platform with bioclastic limestones containing small boundstone patches (corals, but not pachythecaliines, Lithocodium aggregatum), to the inner platform with rudist biostromes. The pachythecaliine-rich biostromes, 2.5 m thick, were developed in a low-energy environment, referred to the distal part of the rudist-dominated area of the platform. The development of microbialites was facilitated by a low sedimentation rate, and possibly by increased nutrient level. Only poorly diversified and non-phaceloid pachythecaliines occur in other coral-rich limestones and marls of the Urgonian complex in Bulgaria. The assemblage described is the most remarkable, Early Cretaceous coral community worldwide, with regard to pachythecaliines. Phaceloid pachythecaliines are only more common in the Upper Jurassic rocks, being particularly diversified in the Tithonian–Lower Berriasian Štramberk Limestone (Czech Republic) and its equivalent in the Polish Outer Carpathians. However, their sedimentary context differs from that described for the corals of the Emen Formation.

5

The oldest species of ?Yavorskia (Tabulata) from the Upper Famennian of the Holy Cross Mountains (Poland)

Zapalski M., Berkowski B.

Acta Geologica Polonica

|

2012

|

Vol. 62, no. 2

197-204

EN

A single perfectly preserved colony of a tabulate coral assigned tentatively to the genus Yavorskia Fomitchev, 1931, collected from Upper Famennian beds (Palmatolepis expansa conodont Zone) in a trench located north of the Kowala Quarry (Holy Cross Mts., central Poland) is here described as a new species, ?Y. paszkowskii sp. nov. It differs from other representatives of the genus in the lack of dissepimental structures and in smaller corallite diameters, and may therefore represent the ancestral taxon of this typically early Carboniferous genus. Yavorskia tabulates were apparently migrating eastwards along the southern margin of Laurussia and farther east and north towards Siberia, as they appear in the Famennian in Europe and in the early Carboniferous in the Altaides. Such a conclusion is consistent with previous observations on Early.Middle Devonian pleurodictyform tabulate distribution.

6

Corals from the Stramberk Limestone (Silesian Unit, Outer Western Carpathians, Czech Republic

Eliasova H.

Geologia / Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie

|

2008

|

T. 34, z. 3/1

151-160

EN

The submitted contribution informs about the present-day situation of the coral fauna occurring in the Stramberk Limestone at the Kotouc Quarry near Stramberk. 120 determined species belong to 50 genera that pertain to 7 suborders of order Scleractinia

7

The ecological significance of solitary coral and bivalve epibionts on Lower Cretaceous (Valangianian-Aptian) ammonoids from the Italian Dolomites

Lukeneder A.

Acta Geologica Polonica

|

2008

|

Vol. 58, no. 4

425-436

EN

Lower Cretaceous deposits of the Puez section in the Dolomites (northern Italy) yielded a rich ammonoid fauna (28 genera, n = 424) showing unique epifaunal encrustations by the ahermatypic solitary scleractinian ?Cycloseris LAMARCK, 1801. The coral encrusted only the outer shell surfaces of the ammonoids; the inner surface remained unaffected. Such a Cretaceous community and the relationship between the two fossil groups are described for the first time. The shells of dead ammonoids sank to the sea bottom and became colonized by the coral larvae, as documented by the location of the epibionts on only one side of the shells. The coral was fixed to the ammonoid shell for its entire life. Only the "sediment free" upper side of the ammonoid shells could be inhabited by epibionts such as corals and serpulids. The encrustation of ammonoid shells by the bivalve Placunopsis represents a different situation in that both sides of the ammonoid shells were affected, pointing to encrustation of floating ammonoids. This long-term infestation in the water column contrasts with coral settlement on the sea-floor. Ammonoid specimens encrusted by Placunopsis never exhibit encrustation by corals. The ammonoid-coral relationship from the Dolomites is documented from the Valanginian to Aptian interval. Examples of coral epibionts on ammonoids and other fossil groups throughout the geological column are briefly reviewed.

8

Scleractinian corals of suborders Pachythecaliina and Rhipidogyrina: discussion on similar ities and description of species from Štramberk-type limestones, Polish Outer Carpathians

Kołodziej B.

Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae

|

2003

|

Vol. 73, No 3

193-217

EN

Similarities between scleractinian corals from extinct suborders Pachythecaliina Eliášová 1976 and Rhipidogyrina Roniewicz 1976 are discussed. Corals of the former suborder are considered by some authors as possible descendants of Palaeozoic Rugosa because of their unusual skeletal characters. Some rhipidogyrinans, especially the family Aulastraeoporidae, despite their different septal microstructure, share more common features with pachythecaliinans than with other scleractinians. The following skeletal features are discussed to show similarities between these two suborders: (1) wall microstructure and its relations to septa, (2) corallite bilateral symmetry, (3) marginarium, (4) lonsdaleoid and apophysal septa, and (5) internal septal margin. These similarities can be explained by convergence, although phylogenetic relationships of both suborders can not be excluded. This hypothesis needs to be verified by more studies, especially on early blastogeny of rhipidogyrinans and wall microstructure of pachythecaliinans. The systematic part gives descriptions of the discussed coral suborders occuring in the Štramberk-type limestones, the Polish Outer Carpathians (Tithonian-?Berriasian, ?Valanginian). Similarly as in the Štramberk Limestone (Moravia), pachythecaliinans are highly diversified (17 species, 12 genera, including Pachythecophyllia eliasovae n.gen., n.sp.). Rhipidogyrinans are represented by 4 species of 4 genera, including ?Ogilvinella morycowae n.sp.