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Comparison of Biosorbents and Ion-Exchanger Efficiency for Copper Ions Removal

Ivanova D., Kadukova J., Kavulicova J.

Inżynieria Mineralna

2016

R. 17, nr 1

129--133

Copper ions removal by different sorbents from model aqueous solutions was investigated. The decrease of copper ions after addition of biosorbents prepared from mosses Sphagnum sp., Polytrichum commune and a green alga Parachlorella kessleri was compared to copper removal by commercial cationic exchanger Amberlite IR 120. The maximum sorption capacity obtained was 7.4 mg.g-1 (96.1%) and 71 mg.g-1 (95.3%) for ion-exchanger at a solution with concentration of copper ions 16 mg.l-1 and 160 mg.l-1, respectively. A significant copper (II) uptake was achieved within 10 min after addition of biomass Parachlorella kessleri and Shpagnum sp. Their maximal uptake efficiency 92.8% and 85.4%, respectively is comparable to efficiency of ion-exchanger at low copper (II) concentration in solutions. However, at higher copper concentration ion-exchanger was more efficient in copper removal. The advantage of biomass is high biosorption capacity, high efficiency achieved very quickly and cost-effectiveness especially for solutions with low metal concentration (under 100 mg.l-1). These parameters determine biomass as economical alternatives for metal removal from solution during final, polishing step or drinking water preparation.

Zbadano usuwanie jonów miedzi za pomocą różnych sorbentów z modelowego roztworu wodnego. Zmniejszenie liczby jonów miedzi po dodaniu biosorbentów przygotowanych z mchów Sphagnum sp., Polytrichum commune oraz zielonych alg Parachlorella kessleri porównano z usuwaniem miedzi za pomocą kationowych wymienników Amberlite IR 120. Maksymalna wydajność sorpcji została osiągnięta przy poziomie, odpowiednio, 7.4 mg.gg-1 oraz 160 mg.g-1. Znaczący wychwyt miedzi (II) został osiągnięty w czasie 10 minut po dodaniu biomasy Parachlorella kessleri oraz Shpagnum sp. Ich maksymalna skuteczność, odpowiednio 92.8% oraz 85.4% jest porównywalna do skuteczności wymienników jonowych przy niskim stężeniu miedzi (II) w roztworach. Jednakże, przy wyższym stężeniu miedzi wymiennik jonowy był bardziej skuteczny w usuwaniu miedzi. Przewagą biomasy jest wysoka wydajność biosorpcji, skuteczność osiągana bardzo szybko przy niskich kosztach, zwłaszcza dla roztworów o niskim stężeniu metali (poniżej 100 mg.lg-1). Parametry te determinują biomasę jako ekonomiczną alternatywę do usuwania metali z roztworu podczas finalnego kroku lub przygotowania wody pitnej.

Removal of copper from copper-contaminated river water and aqueous solutions using Methylobacterium extorquens modified Erzurum clayey soil

Celebi N., Nadaroglu H., Kalkan E., Kotan R.

Archives of Environmental Protection

2016

Vol. 42, no. 4

58--69

The objective of this study was to investigate the possibility of using natural and bacteria-modified Erzurum clayey soil with Methylobacterium extorquens as an alternative to high cost commercial adsorbent materials for the removal of copper from aqueous solution. The copper concentrations in the samples of the polluted river water and CuCl2 solutions treated by the natural and bacteria-modified Erzurum clayey soil (ECS) have been determined by spectrophotometric method. Firstly, the surface of ECS was modified with M. extorquens and surface functionality was increased. Then, the adsorption of Cu (II) from solution phases was studied with respect to varying metal concentration, pH, and temperature and agitation time. The maximum adsorption of Cu (II) for natural and bacteria-modified Erzurum clayey soil was observed at pH: 5.0. At different copper concentrations, copper adsorption analysis was performed on 1 g using clay soil or modified clay soil. Maximum adsorption of Cu (II) was obtained as 45.7 and 48.1 mg g-1 at initial concentration (50 mg/50 mL) and optimal conditions by natural and bacteria-modified clay soil, respectively. The copper concentration was decreased in the substantial amount of the leachates solutions of natural and bacteria-modified clay soil. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms were used to describe the adsorption behavior of Cu (II) ions. The results showed that modified clay soil had a high level of adsorption capacity for copper ion. The various thermodynamic parameters such as ΔG°, ΔH° and ΔS° were analyzed to observe the nature of adsorption. The structural properties of the natural and bacteria-modified-ECS have been characterized by SEM, FTIR and XRD techniques. Consequently, it was concluded that the bacteria-modified clay soil could be successfully used for the removal of the copper ions from the aqueous solutions.