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EN
Purpose: The aim of the paper is to present the designing and manufacturing process of the screw-retained superstructure of the dental arch in the maxilla based on six implants using CAD/CAM technology. Design/methodology/approach: The methodology is presented on the example of the implantoprosthetic treatment in a 55-year-old female patient with a significant deficit of the alveolar bone. 6 implants were placed to achieve a good anchorage for the ceramic suprastructure. The prosthetic reconstruction was milled out of a zirconium dioxide block and covered with veneering ceramics to obtain good aesthetics of the restoration. Special copings were designed and manufactured to achieve stabile connection between the implants and the suprastructure. Findings: To properly plan the prosthetic work rebuilding the alveolar ridge on dental implants it is necessary to plan the final prosthetic work before implant placement planning the number of implants and their location in the bones and the possibility of using a fixed or a mobile suprastructure. Practical implications: Design of the suprastructure has to take into account the following factors: 1. The number of implants, copings and openings for the abutment screws, 2. Arrangement of teeth in the prosthesis, 3. The shape of the alveolar ridge, 4. The shape of the space for the porcelain and for the individual crowns, which will be pasted on the suprastructure. Originality/value: For technological reasons it is not possible to make an extensive suprastructure in a single piece. It is necessary to execute the foundation of the reconstruction of the alveolar ridge and the teeth in one piece and separately the individual crowns. It is possible, however, to design and manufacture the complex screw-retained prosthetic suprastructures by means of CAD/CAM technology.
EN
The article presents a characterisation of stress situations and psychological reactions during diving. It describes the fundamental personality dimensions and temperament features, and discusses the results of research into the methods of coping with stress as well as the levels of anxiety in candidates to the position of a professional driver.
PL
W artykule dokonano charakterystyki sytuacji stresowych i reakcji psychicznych, podczas nurkowania. Przedstawiono podstawowe wymiary osobowości i cechy temperamentu. Omówiono wyniki badań sposobów radzenia sobie ze stresem oraz poziomy natężenia lęku u kandydatów do zawodu nurka i płetwonurka.
EN
In recent years, specialist literature has particularly focused on the understanding of the modes of psychological adaptation to organic pathologies. A number of close investigations within the fields of medical and health psychology have been devoted to the analysis of situations characterised by a state of chronicity of organic pathology. Relying on the data deriving from such studies, the different authors tend to point out that illnesses represent a threat to the subject's psychophysical and relational integrity, thus constituting as a source of frustration and anxiety. Researchers belonging to different theoretical approaches raise a number of questions as to the role of personality and/or the subjective mode to react to tough, stressful, unexpected, negative situations, such as the emergence of a severe physical illness. Current research approaches essentially intend to explain the individual differences in the reactivity to negative stimuli by analysing the interactions between situational attributes and personality dispositions (for instance, trait anxiety).
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