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2 Geological Quarterly

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Application of pollution indices for the spatiotemporal assessment of the negative impact of a municipal landfill on groundwater (Tychy, southern Poland)

Dąbrowska D., Witkowski A. J., Sołtysiak M.

Geological Quarterly

2018

Vol. 62, No. 3

496--508

Risk assessment plays an essential role in the protection of groundwater resources, especially in the regions of potential contamination sources. The present research was aimed at assessing the risk of groundwater contamination in the vicinity of the Tychy-Urbanowice municipal landfill systems (southern Poland), using the contamination index tool. Groundwater samples from the Quaternary Aquifer were collected from 22 piezometers located near the former landfill site (currently closed) and the new sealed landfill site during a monitoring period from 1995 to 2015. Extremely high values (1700) of the groundwater contamination index were observed in a piezometer that captures water beneath the abandoned landfill. Very high index values (154 or 216) were also noticed in piezometers located in the groundwater outflow from the landfill site. Results of interpolation for individual piezometers, which capture only the upper or lower part of an aquifer, are unrepresentative. The interpolation for the mean values of the contamination index increased the groundwater risk assessment.

A multi-method approach to groundwater risk assessment : a case study of a landfill in southern Poland

Sołtysiak M., Dąbrowska D, Jałowiecki K., Nourani V.

Geological Quarterly

2018

Vol. 62, No. 2

361--374

Estimating groundwater vulnerability to pollution is based on the quantitative and qualitative assessment of the degree of exposure to the pollution. This article attempts to assess groundwater vulnerability to pollution in the area of a complex of landfill sites located in the supply area of one of the important groundwater reservoirs in southern Poland. Two dynamic leaching tests and two static tests were carried out on two different samples of slag from one of the metallurgical landfills during various periods of storage (15 year old waste and freshly deposited waste). Transport equations were based on the data from a column experiment. The advection-dispersion equation for column leaching was employed, which confirmed the simulation parameters through experimentation. The results of the leaching tests on chlorides showed that they are leached from the landfill over a period of ~60–90 years from the moment of depositing the waste. The seepage time for the Quaternary aquifer is 1–7 years and, for the Triassic aquifer, 5–40 years. The Backman’s contamination index (1998) values exceeded 25, while a high threat to groundwater is observed when the contamination index value equals 3. The use of all the aforementioned methods determined the most vulnerable area.