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1
Content available Design of a metro door system and determination of main loads
Blatnický Miroslav, Dižo Ján, Barta Dalibor, Droździel Paweł
Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska
|
2019
|
z. 105
49--64
EN
This article discussed the determination of a metro vehicle’s door forces acting on its coarse structure. With previous articles addressing this issue, a definition of a specific reference vehicle was provided together with the collection of the normative requirements for metro vehicles. These form a basis for addressing the issue. The main objective hereof was to design a technical solution of a door system for the reference vehicle and create a parametric model of the door's forces acting on the vehicle’s rough structure. This model would serve to approximate and operatively quantify these force effects of the door to the vehicle’s structure by modifying the various input parameters. Therefore, it was necessary to create a mathematical model of the equilibrium conditions of the proposed door system and to quantify them using a developed software. Subsequently, these results served as inputs for the FEM analysis of the load-bearing components between the door and the vehicle’s structure.
2
Content available remote Construction similarity in the process of creating ordered construction families
Gendarz P., Rząsiński R., Rabsztyn D.
Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering
|
2014
|
Vol. 63, nr 1
19--29
EN
Purpose: Theory of construction similarity has its roots in the theory of physical similarity. The model in the theory of construction similarity is a model construction. Model in the theory of similarity of construction and technology is construction and technology standard. Design/methodology/approach: The fundamental aim of the work is the selection of design features in particular type sizes of series of types that allows obtaining physical, stereomechanical and simple states that are identical as in the model construction. The basic form of the record of series of construction types is program and relation parameterization. Features are determined for the items stored in the form of series of construction and technology types. Research limitations/implications: Analysed methods develop algorithmisation of engineers and technologists environment and support integration with the process of preparation the production. Practical implications: Described methods were being developed on practical examples of creating the series of types of hydraulic cylinders used in mining. Originality/value: Method of the constructional similarity, technological similarity presented in the paper are basis of selection of design features in the process of series of types and module systems of constructions and technology creating. All of these methods support intensive development of the types of technical features and affect on their competitive on the ready market.
3
Content available remote Relative manufacturing costs of machines elements based on constructional similarity
Cielniak M., Gendarz P.
Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering
|
2013
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Vol. 56, nr 1
20--28
EN
Purpose: The main aim of research was to analyse the exponents values assigned to operations in relative manufacturing costs estimation method based on the similarity theory. Design/methodology/approach: The manufacturing costs were calculated with similarity theory use. This method uses exponents assigned to operations. This exponents were estimated for such operations like: facing, inner and outer turning: rough, semi finished and finished. The manufacturing process was simulated in CAM module of advanced graphical program Siemens NX. Findings: The manufacturing costs estimation method based on costs similarity uses exponents assigned to operations. The CAM simulation can be applied to calculate the exponents values. This approach improves accuracy of the method results. Research limitations/implications: The estimated exponents values can be applied only to previously analyzed operations. Practical implications: The exponents estimation process was applied to manufacturing process of shaft and sleeve simulated in CAM module. Originality/value: Described analysis presents the estimation process of exponents assigned to operations with CAM simulation use.
4
Content available remote The exemplar design features in creation of the series of types
Gendarz P., Rabsztyn D.
Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering
|
2012
|
Vol. 55, nr 2
488--497
EN
Purpose: The paper presents way to designate the exemplary design features by optimizing the features by means of the Finite Element Method. The subject of optimization are the qualitative and quantitative geometrical design features: the geometrical design form and the geometrical dimensions. Design/methodology/approach: The fallowing computer aided methods were used to support the engineering process: FEM analysis, geometry optimization, optimization of the dimension values using the variant analysis and relational parameterization. These stages were developed in TOSCA software and advanced graphical programs: NX and I-DEAS. Findings: The result of research was the determination of exemplar design features that take into account consideration: technical expediency, economic expediency and production capacities. On the basis of design features and with the use of the relational parameterization, the series of types was established. Research limitations/implications: Due to the iterative process, optimization based on Finite Element Analysis is time consuming. Practical implications: The described method can be used in creating the series of types and modular construction systems. Originality/value: The presented algorithm of optimization and analysis of the geometrical features with the use of the Finite Element Method, allows determining the exemplar design features, which are the basis for the development of an exemplar form of the series of types.
5
Content available remote Relative manufacturing costs in series of types with partial similarity
Cielniak M., Gendarz P.
Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering
|
2012
|
Vol. 53, nr 1
21--27
EN
Purpose: The main aim of research was to analyse the relative manufacturing costs estimation process based on the similarity theory. Design/methodology/approach: The manufacturing costs were calculated with similarity theory use, where the exponents were assigned to operations and cutting processes. Findings: Many of construction series of types are similar partially. Because of that it is important to develop methods of manufacturing costs of series of types based on partial similarity. The cutting processes exponents use gives more accurate results than operation exponents. Research limitations/implications: The calculation process preparation stage is more time consuming with exponents assigned to cutting processes than to operations. Practical implications: Presented method was applied to sleeve series of types manufacturing cost estimation process. Originality/value: Described analysis presents the manufacturing costs estimation method of partially similar series of types where exponents are assigned to cutting processes.
6
Content available remote Przejście 2D do 3D - zwiększenie potencjału konstruktora
Lonkwic P., Borowik Ł.
Obróbka Metalu
|
2011
|
nr 3
48-51
PL
Systemy CAD służące do modelowania powierzchniowego i przestrzennego poczyniły na przestrzeni ostatnich lat znaczący postęp w zakresie funkcjonalności, obsługi oraz współpracy z innymi urządzeniami cyfrowymi. Tak gwałtowny rozwój spowodowany jest przede wszystkim zwiększeniem oczekiwań użytkowników oraz przyspieszeniem procesu projektowania nowego produktu.
7
Content available remote Quantitative constructional attributes selection in construction series of types
Gendarz P., Cielniak M.
Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering
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2011
|
Vol. 49, nr 1
62--70
EN
Purpose: The main aim of research was to analyze the selection process of quantitative constructional attributes in construction series of types. Design/methodology/approach: The quantitative constructional attributes selection process is based on constructional similarity theory. Findings: The constructional similarity theory allows to select the quantitative constructional attributes. Research limitations/implications: The final construction similarity is not complete because of adjusting the dimension values to preferred numbers, catalogue and standardized elements dimensions etc. Practical implications: Presented method was applied to generate the constructions series of types with the use of quantitative constructional attributes selection process. Originality/value: Described analysis presents the process of selecting the quantitative constructional attributes with computer aid.
8
Content available remote Design of damping systems with required frequency spectrum
Dymarek A., Dzitowski T.
Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering
|
2011
|
Vol. 49, nr 2
269--274
EN
Purpose: The presented work extends the task of synthesis with new methods, with particular focus on the method of active and passive synthesis of vibrating damping mechanical systems. This paper is concerned with the formulation and formalisation of the problem of active and passive synthesis of mechanical damping systems. Design/methodology/approach: The work proposes a combination of the synthesis method of vibrating systems with the method of determining the active force as the method for active synthesis of mechanical damping systems and the values of two-terminal damping in case passive synthesis of mechanical damping systems. Findings: The performed active and passive synthesis of restrained systems has demonstrated an ambiguity of synthesis of damping systems. The resulting structures and set system parameters are not the only ones that can be obtained in the case of the assumed frequencies. Research limitations/implications: The scope of discussion is the synthesis of discrete damping systems. Practical implications: The advantage of the proposed method of determining the active force in the system is the ease of its programming. The proposed method can be included in the method of proportional control with force feedback from the state. Originality/value: The document is also an attempt at identifying new opportunities and a direction of research in the design of machine components with a desired frequency spectrum.
9
Content available remote Computer aided generation of construction model for construction similarity theory
Cielniak M., Gendarz P.
Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering
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2011
|
Vol. 44, nr 1
80--87
EN
Purpose: The main aim of research was to analyze computer tools which can help to construction model generating process. Design/methodology/approach: Computer aided methods were used to construction attributes selecting process: parameterization, relations defining, finite elements method mesh adaptation and optimization of the construction model. This stages were developed in advanced graphical program. Findings: Computer tools were used to generate construction model. This tools allow to reduce construction - design stage time consumption and better material utilization. This allows to create series of types at lower costs and faster. Research limitations/implications: The optimization of construction model with Finite Element Analysis for many variables is time consuming. Practical implications: Presented method was applied to series of types construction model generation process. Originality/value: Described analysis presents computer aided construction model generation process applied in construction similarity theory.
10
Content available remote Active synthesis of multiaxial drive systems using a comparative method
Dzitkowski T., Dymarek A.
Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering
|
2011
|
Vol. 49, nr 2
275--284
EN
Purpose: of this paper is the problem of stability and vibration reduction in designed drive systems, in which the essential requirement is to meet the desired dynamic properties. Design/methodology/approach: The method of stabilisation and reduction has been based on active synthesis, which makes it possible to obtain the desired mechanical effect through the proper selection of dynamic properties of the system, including the calculation of the active force as a function of the system force feedback. Findings: Presented approach simplifies the process of selecting the dynamical parameters of machine drive systems in view of their dynamical characteristics. Research limitations/implications: The scope of discussion is the synthesis of machine drive systems as discrete models of torsional vibrations. Such vibrations are more difficult to detect than flexural ones, which are accompanied by noise and vibrations of the adjacent elements (for example, shaft frames). Due to the absence of symptoms, torsional vibrations are particularly dangerous, as they may be unnoticeable until the destruction of subsystems occurs. Practical implications: High durability and reliability of drive systems is associated with proper setting of system parameters - inertial, elastical and damping. Proper setting of these parameters is made possible by applying synthesis techniques. Originality/value: We should emphasize that the considered problem varies from other issues met in classic mechanics or control theory. The research has been undertaken on the basis of topological methods, developed in scholar environment of Gliwice.
11
Content available remote Preliminary analysis of a innovative type of low pressure valves
Klarecki K.
Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering
|
2010
|
Vol. 41, nr 1-2
131-139
EN
Purpose: Presentation and analysis of the innovative type of a direct operated low pressure relief valves. Design/methodology/approach: In this paper was presented a proposal of a improvement of a new low pressure relief valve. The advantages and disadvantages of this valve was estimated by numerical simulation with MATLAB/SIMULINK aid. Findings: Main advantages of presented relief valve are: high precision of the operating pressure and short time responses, the disadvantage of the modelled valve is the high value of the peak pressures. Research limitations/implications: The expected next stage of valve research is the experimental tests. For that purpose one should the prototype of valve build. Practical implications: Presented low pressure relief valve can be used in low pressure hydraulic system, for example for feeding of the hydrostatic or hydrodynamic bearings. Originality/value: Original value of this paper is a idea of low pressure relief valve.
12
Content available remote Models of construction attributes selection process in ordered construction families
Gendarz P., Cielniak M.
Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering
|
2010
|
Vol. 43, nr 1
280--287
EN
Purpose: The main aim of research was to elaborate models of construction attributes selection process in ordered construction families. Design/methodology/approach: Based on selection models of quantitative construction attributes in reference to unified characteristic attributes it is possible to generate ordered construction families like: series of types, modular systems. Findings: Selection models of quantitative construction attributes were analyzed. Those methods are based on construction congruence. Research limitations/implications: The neural network model limitations come from the neural network structure. The accuracy of neural network work results vary of neural network quality. The constructional similarity model can be applied only to that states which are described by similarity theory. Practical implications: Presented method was applied in grippers series of types generation process. Originality/value: Described models give simple and quick ways to select construction attributes in ordered construction families.
13
Content available remote Project of a trenchless works tunneling machines ordered construction family
Gendarz P., Rząsiński R.
Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering
|
2009
|
Vol. 33, nr 2
181-188
EN
Purpose: The water and electricity (etc.) supply is the main problem that big agglomerations meet, therefore the non-excavation works are developed in areas of high buildings density. Design/methodology/approach: There are many construction solutions of erosion machines that has already been verified in real tests, but the current goal is to develop non – excavation robotized machine. Erosion machines with main dimensions of the tunnels which are: 1600, 2000, 2500, 3150 are design with use of the computer aided methods. Findings: The result is a modeled in I-DEAS advanced graphical program series of types of the erosion machines with two main designs. The assembly models were analyzed: by system analyze (work simulation of the assembly), by strength analyze (Finite element method) and saved in 2D drawings. Research limitations/implications: The practical methodology verification of creating the systematic part family was based on the designed erosion machines series of types. There were developed: the algorithmic selection methods of quantitative construction attributes, the construction similarity method of the erosion machines, variant analyzes in the I-DEAS advanced graphical program, program and relational parameterization [3,7,11]. There will be created manufacturing process of the parts, which allows to verify the technology on the CNC machines. Practical implications: The designed models will be modified and the construction will be consulted with manufacturers and erosion machine users like: OHL ZS a.s. from Brna, Tauber Rohrbau GmbH & Co.KG from Minster. The companies’ acceptance will result in practical verification by JUMARPOL company. Originality/value: The main achievement is the design of a robotized erosion machine to non – excavation works. The designing process was supported by computer aided methods invented on Silesian University of Technology in the I-DEAS advanced graphics program.
14
Content available remote Half-shaft undercarriage systems – designing and operating problems
Rusiński E., Czmochowski J., Moczko P.
Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering
|
2009
|
Vol. 33, nr 1
62-69
EN
Purpose: The paper discuss designing and operating problems of half-shafts undercarriage systems of open pit machines. Example of failure of such system and investigation of its reasons are presented. Design/methodology/approach: Experimental and numerical methods were used to investigate reasons of dumping conveyor breakdown. In order to perform material evaluation fractographic and microscopic methods as well as chemical analysis, were used. Based on results of numerical simulations analysis and data coming from material evaluations the objectives are achieved. In order to prevent future similar problems, the new design of the the half-shafts steering frame was discussed as well. Findings: It was found that manufacturing and designing of the half shaft system were the main failure reasons. Such open pit machines undercarriages systems are prone to failures. Detailed analyses are required to implement half – shaft systems without risk of break-down. Recommendation is given in the paper for the single shaft system. Research limitations/implications: Friction in the supporting areas limits horizontal forces acting on safetying of the half-shaft. Sliding and static friction coefficients should be investigated in order to estimate optimal designing rules and correct forces. Practical implications: Practical implications into designing of half-shafts undercarriage systems and safetyings are given. Originality/value: The paper provides information backed by test results and evaluation, stating the nexus of causes of the dumping conveyor break-down. The numerical and experimental approaches present relationship between designing and manufacturing. The paper can be helpful for researchers and designers investigating reasons, approach methods or failures preventing methods of similar machines.
15
Content available remote Design and examining sensitivity of machine driving systems with required frequency spectrum
Dziatkowski T., Dymarek A.
Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering
|
2008
|
Vol. 26, nr 1
49-56
EN
Purpose: The paper describes the method of synthesis and sensitivity analysis of dynamics characteristics applicable for aiding the process of designing of machine driving systems. Design/methodology/approach: In this work used method of polar graphs and their relationship with algebra of structural numbers, easy for programming. Findings: Presented approach simplifies the process of selecting the dynamical parameters of machine drive systems in view of their dynamical characteristics. Research limitations/implications: The scope of discussion is the synthesis and sensitivity of machine drive systems as discrete models of torsional vibrations. Practical implications: High durability and reliability of drive systems is associated with proper setting of system parameters - inertial, elastical and damping. Proper setting of these parameters is made possible by applying synthesis and sensitivity techniques. Originality/value: We should emphasize that the considered problem varies from other issues met in classic mechanics or control theory. The research has been undertaken on the basis of topological methods, developed in scholar environment of Gliwice.
16
Content available remote Constructional similarity in process of ordered construction families creating
Gendarz P., Chyra P., Rząsiński R.
Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering
|
2008
|
Vol. 29, nr 1
53-56
EN
Purpose: The main reason for starting research concerning theory of constructional similarity was need to substitute traditional method of creating ordered families by new algorithmic methods orientated on computer aiding. Design/methodology/approach: The following paper treats about development and putting into practice rules of theory of constructional similarity as a main method realizing γ assignation (which determines relations between parameters of the future technical feature and its design features). Findings: The main achievements presented in this paper are developed theory of constructional similarity orientated on computer aiding, and used in designing process of new technical features. Moreover, method is highly susceptible to parameterization. Research limitations/implications: Analyzed methods develop algorithmisation of designing environment and support integration with the process of preparing the production. Intense research on the theory of technological similarity is being made nowadays. Practical implications: Described methods were being developed on practical examples of creating the module systems of hydraulic cylinders used in mining, slag cars used in metallurgy and gears series of types. Nowadays the gripping devices series of types is being made. Originality/value: Presented in the paper method of construction similarity is basis of selection of design features in the process of ordered construction families (series of types and module systems of constructions) creating. Presented method supports intensive development of the types of technical features and affects their competitiveness on the ready market.
17
Content available remote Synthesis and sensitivity of machine driving systems
Dzitkowski T., Dymarek A.
Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering
|
2007
|
Vol. 20, nr 1-2
359-362
EN
Purpose: The paper presents algorithms of synthesis and sensitivity analysis of dynamics characteristics applicable for aiding the process of designing of machine driving systems. The objective of the paper was to develop algorithms for selecting of design features of physical systems so that dynamic characteristics described in the frequency domain might be shaped in the best possible manner. Design/methodology/approach: In this work used method of polar graphs and their relationship with algebra of structural numbers. This research method of mechanical systems allows quickly and exactly calculates the impact of individual factors on his dynamic properties. Findings: Presented approach simplifies the process of selecting the dynamical parameters of machine drive systems in view of their dynamical characteristics. Research limitations/implications: The scope of discussion in the synthesis and sensitivity of machine drive systems as models of torsional vibrations, but for the kind of systems the approach is sufficient. Practical implications: The developed algorithm of shaping of the dynamic characteristics make it possible to formulate the problem of optimization when making use of the objective functions constraints described in the frequency domain. Originality/value: A process of researching the structure of a system, meeting certain conditions, is inverse to the process of analyzing it. In order words, it's a synthesis. We should emphasize that the considered problem varies from other issues met in classic mechanics or control theory. The research has been undertaken on the basis of topological methods, developed in scholar environment of Gliwice, and on the basis of algebraically methods closely related to these topological ones - that is, methods of graphs and structural numbers.
18
Content available remote Investigations of causes of dumping conveyor breakdown
Rusiński E., Czmochowski J., Moczko P.
Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering
|
2007
|
Vol. 24, nr 1
267-274
EN
Purpose: The main purposes of the paper are to discuss designing and exploitation problems of machines used in strip mines and investigation of its reasons based on steering frame breakdown of the dumping conveyor. Design/methodology/approach: Numerical (FEM) and experimental approach was used to investigate reasons of the breakdown. Fractographic and microscopic evaluation and chemical analysis, were used to perform material evaluations. The objectives are achieved by analysis of the numerical simulations results and data coming from material evaluations. Additionally the new design of the steering frame was discussed in order to prevent future similar problems in the half-shafts systems. Findings: The causes of break-down of the steering frame were found. Designing and manufacturing problems were the main reasons of the failure. The undercarriages half shafts systems of the open pit machines are prone to break-downs. They require detailed analysis to be successfully implemented into steering system. Recommendations for the single shaft system are given in the paper. Research limitations/implications: There are horizontal forces acting on safetying in the half-shaft undercarriage systems, which are limited by the friction in the supporting areas. Investigations of the static and sliding friction coefficients should be performed to estimate correct forces and optimal designing rules. Practical implications: The study provides practical implication into designing of half-shafts undercarriage systems and their safetyings. Discussed design of the safetying should be redesigned or the half-shaft system should be changed into one shaft design. Originality/value: The paper provides information backed by evaluation and test results, stating the nexus of causes of the dumping conveyor failure. The experimental and numerical approaches show relationship between designing and manufacturing process of machines. This can be helpful for the designers and researchers looking for reasons, methods of investigations or how to prevent failures of similar machines.
19
Content available remote Failure reasons investigations of dumping conveyor breakdown
Rusiński E., Czmochowski J., Moczko P.
Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering
|
2007
|
Vol. 23, nr 1
75-78
EN
Purpose: The main purposes of the paper are to discuss designing and exploitation problems of machines used in strip mines and investigation of its reasons based on steering frame brake-down of the dumping conveyor. Design/methodology/approach: Numerical and experimental approach was used to investigate reasons of the break-down of the dumping conveyor. Numerical simulations based on the finite element method were used. Fractographic and microscopic evaluation and chemical analysis, were used to perform material evaluations. The objectives are achieved by analysis of the numerical simulations results of the broken part of machine and data coming from material evaluations. Based on the mentioned results conclusions concerning results of the failure were given. Additionally the new design of the steering frame half-shafts systems was discussed. Findings: The causes of break-down of the steering frame of dumping conveyor were found. Designing and manufacturing problems were the main reasons of the failure. The half shafts systems in undercarriages of the open pit machines are prone to break-downs. They require detailed analysis to be successfully implemented into steering system. Recommendations for the single shaft system are given in the paper. Research limitations/implications: in the half-shaft undercarriage system, the friction in the supporting areas limits horizontal forces acting on safetying. Investigations of the static and sliding friction coefficients should be performed to estimate correct forces and optimal designing rules. Practical implications: The study provides practical implication into designing of half-shafts undercarriage systems and their safetyings. Discussed design of the safetying should be redesigned or the half-shaft system should be changed into one shaft design. Originality/value: The paper provides information backed by evaluation and test results, stating the nexus of causes of the dumping conveyor failure. The experimental and numerical approaches show relationship between designing and manufacturing process of machines. This can be helpful for the designers and researchers looking for reasons, methods of investigations or how to prevent failures of similar machines.
20
Content available remote Algorithmisation of design features selection of ordered construction families
Gendarz P., Chyra P., Rząsiński R.
Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering
|
2007
|
Vol. 20, nr 1-2
363-366
EN
Purpose: The main reason for starting research concerning new methods of creating ordered families of construction was a need to substitute traditional method used to realize those processes by methods oriented on computer aiding. Design/methodology/approach: Paper treats about development of algorithmic methods realizing gamma assignation (which determines relations between parameters of the future technical feature and its design features) in the process of ordered families creating. The main tool of algorithmization is developed theory of constructional similarity, supported by neural networks application method. Findings: The main achievements presented in this paper are developed theory of constructional similarity oriented on computer aiding and neural network application method, both used in designing process of new technical features. Moreover, both methods are highly susceptible to parametrisation. Research limitations/implications: Analyzed methods develop algorthmisation of designing environment and suport integration with the process of preparating the production. Intense research on the theory of technological similarity is being made nowadays. Practical implications: Described methods were being developed on practical examples of creating the module systems of hydraulic cylinders used in mining, slag cars used in metallurgy and gears series of types. Nowadays the gripping devices series of types is being made. Originality/value: Presented in the paper method of the constructional similarity, the algorithmic method and neural networks application method are basis of selection of design features in the process of ordered construction families (series of types and module systems of constructions) creating. All of these methods support intensive development of the types of technical features and affect on their competitive on the ready market.
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