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PL
W artykule przedstawiono metodę wyznaczenia częstości drgań własnych konstrukcji mostowej wyłącznie poprzez rejestrację drgań przejeżdżającego po niej pojazdu. Symulacje numeryczne przeprowadzono dla trzech schematów statycznych belek. W wyniku analiz zidentyfikowano częstości drgań własnych poprzez wykonanie transformaty Fouriera obliczonych sygnałów przyspieszeń.
EN
The paper presents a method for identification of natural frequencies based on registration of passing vehicle vibrations. Numerical simulations were performed for three types of beam structures. The Fourier transform was used to extract frequencies form acceleration signals.
PL
Na terenach miejskich, bliskie sąsiedztwo środków transportu w stosunku do budynków oraz infrastruktury podziemnej powoduje dodatkowe obciąSenia dynamiczne jakie przekazywane są zarówno na konstrukcje obiektów jak i ewentualnie na ludzi w nich przebywających. Przy ocenie wpływów dynamicznych na wymienione obiekty, wykorzystuje się metody eksperymentalne, rozwiązania analityczne oraz obliczenia komputerowe metodą elementów skończonych (MES). W ostatnich latach daje się zauważyć znaczny wzrost znaczenia metod numerycznych przy szacowaniu tego typu efektów. Głównym celem pracy jest prezentacja przykładowej analizy dynamicznej zachowania się betonowej konstrukcji kanału ściekowego zlokalizowanego w pobliSu linii metra. Obliczenia przeprowadzono metodą elementów skończonych. Dodatkowo zwrócono uwagę na przydatność wybranych algorytmów całkowania równań ruchu dostępnych w komercyjnych programach MES.
EN
In congested urban areas, the close vicinity of the means of transport to buildings and underground infrastructure and thus to people, often leads to conflict in respect of the vibrations’ transmission. In order to evaluate the influence of the urban transport on civil structures, the methods based on measurements, analytical approaches and finite element (FE) calculations can be suited. Especially the numerical methods have seen a strong growth in recent years and nowadays form an important part of a modern design of mitigation measures. The main goal of this work is the presentation of a new concrete sewage pipe dynamic analysis located in the vicinity of an underground line. The calculations were carried out using FEM. Some additional problems related to the methods of numerical integration of equations of motion were also discussed in the paper. The results produced would contribute to a better understanding of the problem.
PL
Tematem niniejszego artykułu jest trójwariantowa analiza dynamiczna ramy nośnej dwunawowej hali stalowej. Zaprezentowano podział obciążeń dynamicznych, metody redukcji drgań oraz opisano oddziaływanie drgań na organizm człowieka, konstrukcje i urządzenia. W artykule zostały przyjęte trzy schematy statyczne dla dwunawowej hali stalowej o jednakowych gabarytach. Każdemu schematowi narzucone zostały takie same obciążenia, na podstawie których wygenerowano kombinacje normowe za pomocą programu komputerowego. Następnie przeprowadzono analizę modalną dla każdego z trzech schematów. Wszystkie obliczenia zostały przeprowadzone w programie komputerowym firmy Autodesk o nazwie Robot Millenium. Wyniki analiz przedstawiono w formie wykresów. Na podstawie danych z wykresów oraz porównania poszczególnych schematów zostało wybrane najkorzystniejsze rozwiązanie dla ramy nośnej pod względem dynamicznym.
DE
Es wurde eine Einteilung der dynamischen Belastungen, Methode der Reduktion von Schwingungen, sowohl eine Wirkung der Schwingungen auf Menschen, Konstruktionen und Vorrichtungen vorgestellt. Im Rahmen des Bauplanes wurden drei statischen Schemas mit den gleichen Abmessungen für die Stahlhalle ausgewählt. Jedem Schema wurden dieselben Belastungen zugeordnet anhand, dessen wurde eine Normkombination durch ein Computerprogramm erlangt. Dann wird eine Modalanalyse für jeden Schema durchgeführt. Alle Ausrechnungen wurden in einem Computerprogramm Autodesk - Robot Millennium ausgeführt. Die Ergebnisse der Analysen werden in Form von den Diagrammen vorgestellt. Aufgrund der Diagrammen und des Schemavergleiches wurde die günstigste Lösung in dynamischer Hinsicht für tragenden Rahmen gewählt.
PL
Przedstawiono analizę numeryczną widma drgań niesymetrycznego samolotu wynikającego z urwania segmentu konsoli lewego skrzydła. Zastosowano dynamiczne modele samolotu z poprzednich prac [10, 5, 7, 8]. Do analizy numerycznej wykorzystano dane współczesnego, szkolno-bojowego samolotu z napędem odrzutowym [21], zbudowanego w konwencjonalnym układzie aerodynamicznym.
EN
In the paper, the numerical analysis of an aircraft self vibration with the non symmetrical wing was presented. The non symmetrical structure of the wing is a result of damage made to the left wing segment. For the need of the analysis, the dynamical models of the aircraft considered in the previous works were used [10, 5, 7, 8]. A modern training-jet with conventional lay-out was investigated and evaluated by the author [21].
EN
The paper discusses methods of diagnosing the technical condition of reinforced concrete beams, based on the change in dynamic characteristics. The objects of research were reinforced concrete (RC) beams. Testing of RC beams included both static and dynamic tests. A series of step loaded static tests was aimed to produce successive damage to the beams. After each load step (at the moment of displacement and strain stabilization), dynamic testing followed. On the basis of the obtained results from different beams (different distances between supports), an effort was made to correlate the data concerning the damage of the tested beams with the changes of the modal parameters.
EN
The paper presents an attempt to identify forces acting on the control unit of a helicopter model during flight. The helicopter model will, according to the project assumptions, operate as an inspection robot i.e. it will autonomously fly in selected regions and monitor them with an embedded camera. It could be used for visual inspection of high masts or chimneys. Autonomous flying requires a sophisticated control system. The control unit is placed in an additional box hung under the fuselage. One of the stages of the unit development was examination of in-flight forces acting on the box and if it was necessary, a vibroinsulation selection. For this reason, an experiment was conducted. During the test, forces in the box suspension and accelerations in selected locations of the object were recorded. Having both, forces and responses in the form of vibrations accelerations, enabled to verify a force identification procedure. It is a procedure based on regressive parametric models inversion. The paper presents this method's description and an attempt to apply it to the described forces identification.
EN
The paper deals with the evaluation of the natural frequencies of vibrations of the modified typical medium-height load-bearing walls modeled as the reinforced concrete thin plates. The small and the large changes of the wall stiffness and mass resulted from the new door-ways size and position were discussed. The Combined Approximations (CA) hybrid method was used as an effective reanalysis approach. Some procedures with using the concepts of shifts and Gram-Schmidt orthogonalizations were introduced to improve the accuracy of the results.
8
Content available remote Zagadnienia optymalizacji parametrów wielokrotnych strojonych tłumików masowych
EN
The paper deals with the problem of parameters optimizations of multiple tuned mass dampers (MTMD) for multi-degree-freedom-system. Theoretical considerations have been illustrated by numerical examples.
EN
Mechanical vibration dampers (MVD) can be used for reduction of tower type structures vibrations. A method of determination of optimum parameters of MVD mating with this type of structures was described in [1]. The worked out computational method became the basis for design solutions. Talcing in the consideration the type of the structure (tower), the analysis concerned the amplitude-frequency characteristic |Hn,n| at the top of the structure, because this is the point of maximum displacements corresponding with the first or the second natural frequencies of the structures under consideration. It may however happened that it is necessary to reduce the values of an amplitude-frequency characteristic corresponding with several different natural frequencies of a structure. That kind of result can not be reached by means of only one damper. When one decides to use more than one MVD, he must determine not only the optimum parameters c(t) and k(t) of these dampers, but also to choose their positions. To solve this problem it is not enough to apply the method of optimization described in [1]. In the present paper the authors have checked the possibility of application oj the particle swarm optimization (PSO) method, to solve the present problem. It has been shown, that this method enables to determine the optimum parameters of several MVD mating with a structure. Each of these dampers can be "tuned" to an other natural frequency of the structure. The method allows also to determine the optimum positions of the MVD-s. Presented in the paper examples show, that the method can be practically used. In this way, the scope of the methodic described in [1], has been broadened to the new kind of objects, where it is necessary to apply several MVD-s placed in the different points of a structure.
EN
Examination of structures integrity and failures detection are nowadays of great interest for both civil infrastructure and industry systems. This paper presents Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) technique that was tested on several laboratory models and utilizes elastic wave propagation phenomenon. Furthermore, it describes signals feature extraction procedure by using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) and statistical learning theory are used to determine and classify structure's damages. The results show that data reduction using PCA, followed by implementation of ANNs patterns recognition, provide a good indication of failure occurrence and they may be used for SHM.
11
Content available remote Wybrane zagadnienia dynamiki stropów przemysłowych z uszkodzeniami
EN
Some unusual problems relating to the dynamics of the industrial ferroconcrete slab ceilings weighed down with machines are consider. The choice is make on the ground of the research results concerning the real constructions. Questions which are discuss concern the change of the stiffness as the result of incorrect execution of the ceiling as well as damages arising during its use. These are two kinds of problems: these of the construction which became weaker due to the machine oil's or chemical substances' effect and unilateral constraints problems (damage of the supporting construction's components).
EN
The article describes basic tests of the following: power consumption (supply voltage 1-6 kV, current intensity 5-25 A/cm2, power supply 10-100 W), temperature increases as well as technical solutions and construction of the tested electrorheological clutch. Two types of fluid were described: one-phase liquid in the form of "liquid crystals", which does not undergo sedimentation or coagulation, and two-phase liquid in the form of "suspension" containing stabilizing agents. Factors determining Theological parameters of the prototype ER clutch were discussed. The article ends with conclusions and a summary.
13
Content available remote Współczynnik dynamiczny dla szkieletu gruntu w modelu dwufazowym
EN
This paper deals with a description of the behavior of the two-phase soil layer (column) under periodic load. The soil layer (column) is fully saturated with single pore fluid and treated by the methods of continuum mechanics. Description of motion and deformation of soil is introduced as a system of equations consisting of governing dynamic consolidation equations based on Biot theory, selected constitutive and kinematic relations for small strains and rotation. The solution and results of simple one dimensional numerical analysis of the fully saturated layer under cyclic load are included. Also the so-called dynamic coefficient which shows amplification or attenuation of dynamic response is considered.
EN
General description of fluids applied to viscotic torsional dampers are presented in this paper. Results of experimental investigations of fluid viscosity influence on dissipated energy and angle of torsion of crankshaft as well as results of numerical computations are also included.
EN
The problems addressed in the thesis concern important and up-to-date issue of the mechatronic design of the robust control systems of follow-up motion of the mobile wheeled robots. In the thesis the synthesis of control algorithms based on stability theory of Lapunov was carried out along with simulation analysis of the three control algorithms of the follow-up motion of the mobile wheeled robot with consideration of the parametric inaccuracy: analytic robust sliding control algorithm, robust sliding control algorithm with fuzzy compensation control, fuzzy algorithm of sliding control. The mobile wheeled robots Pioneer-2 DX was a real object, which was used for verification of research.
EN
The paper is concerned with the prediction of fundamental vibration periods of multistorey shear wall buildings. The determination of natural frequencies is the key issue in designing of tall buildings. The calculation of natural frequencies and mode shapes is the first step in evaluation of the dynamic response of the structure by the modal superposition technique. The values of natural frequencies are also required in the determination of equivalent static loadings due to wind actions. The comparison of estimation of fundamental vibration period from the proposed in the literature formulae has been the main aim of the present paper. The empirical equations presented in the papers [1-4] have been considered. Computations have been carried out by using the following specialised computer programs for shear wall structures: BW for Windows [5, 6] and ETABS [7]. The paper has provided the comparison of fundamental periods of shear wall dominant buildings constructed by using tunnel form techniques, the models of which were discussed in the papers [1, 2, 8]. For more than 15-storey high buildings the results of computations using the continuous model of shear wall structure agree well with finite element analysis results.
EN
Feed-forward layered Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) learnt by means the evidence procedure for Bayesian technique are used for simulation and prediction of hysteresis loops. Concrete hysteresis loops obtained by cyclic loading are considered. ANN were learned and tested on the experimental data. The prediction of the stress - strain relation was made for the last part of the experiment, basing on its previous stage.
18
EN
Theoretical, numerical and experimental research concerning of stability and free vibrations of hydraulic cylinder is presented in the paper. Considered hydraulic cylinder was fixed elastically and subjected to Euler's load. The boundary problem was formulated on the basis of Hamilton's principle. Mathematical model was confirmed by experimental research.
EN
Theoretical and numerical research concerned of stability and free vibrations of slender system subjected to active and passive specific load is presented in the paper. Column supported at the one end by spring with nonlinear characteristics. The boundary problem was formulated one the basis of Hamilton's principle and of the small parameters method. Solution of boundary problem permitted carry out numerical simulations.
EN
This paper concerns the issue of stability and free vibrations of discrete, two-part planar frame, built of frame bolt and frame column. Frame column is loaded by the follower force directed towards the positive pole. The loading and receiving head are built of the circular elements. Theoretical considerations are made concerning analysis of the system geometry and determination of relations for the potential energy and kinetic energy of the considered system. Adequate relationships describing stability of the considered frame are obtained taking into account energetic method or vibration method. An influence of geometrical parameters of loading head and rigidity of rotational springs modeling the finite stiffness of structural constraints on the critical load is analyzed. The courses of natural vibration frequencies in relation to the external load are determined.
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