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Shear rupture behaviors of intact and granulated Wombeyan marble with the flat-jointed model

Li Kaihui, Han Dongha, Fan Xiang, Yang Yi, Wang Fei

Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering

2022

Vol. 22, no. 1

art. no. e51, 2022

Many large hydropower projects have been constructed in the highly interlocked and non-persistently jointed rock mass (e.g., the columnar jointed basalt). Regarding the granulated Wombeyan marble as an analog of such rock mass, a series of direct shear test simulations under constant normal loading (CNL) and constant normal stiffness (CNS) boundary conditions were performed to better understand its shear rupture behavior using the flat-jointed model based on the discrete element method. The results show that the shear process under the CNS condition can be divided into four stages: linear-elastic stage, yielding stage, shear wear stage and shear sliding stage. The strain-strengthening in the shear wear stage is evident due to the feedback normal stress provided by the cap induced by shear dilation. As the initial applied normal stress increases, the peak shear strength point of specimens under CNL approaches the yield point of specimens under CNS. Additionally, the shear rupture process under CNS is strain controlled in granulated specimens but stress controlled in intact specimens. Correspondingly, the shear rupture zone creation in granulated specimens is not but that in intact specimens is dependent on the initial applied normal stress. Finally, it is demonstrated that the CNS condition can improve the stability of rock slopes or underground excavations embedded in such rock mass and its improvement effect increases with the normal stiffness.