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Studies of Confined Explosions of Composite Explosives and Layered Charges

Maiz L., Trzciński W. A., Szala M., Paszula J., Karczewski K.

Central European Journal of Energetic Materials

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2016

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Vol. 13, no. 4

957--977

EN

In the present work, the confined explosions of cylindrical homogeneous and layered charges composed of two different types of macroscopic granular multi-component RDX-based composites were investigated. These composites were obtained by the so-called “wet slurry method”. For comparison, charges consisting of simple mixtures instead of the composites, TNT and phlegmatized RDX (RDXph) were also studied. The effect of the following parameters: the structure of the macroscopic granular composite, the type of charge (cylindrical pressed material or layered with an RDXph core), oxygen availability (air or argon atmosphere) and the aluminium particle size, on the quasi-static pressure (QSP) measured inside a 150 dm3 explosion chamber was determined. Solid post-detonation residues from inside the explosion chamber were also collected and analyzed. A combination of all of these results enabled very important conclusions about aluminium combustion and behaviour during the explosion of composite and layered charges, to be drawn.

2

Badanie wybuchu ładunków warstwowych w przestrzeniach zamkniętych

Trzciński W. A., Barcz K., Cudziło S., Paszula J.

Biuletyn Wojskowej Akademii Technicznej

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2012

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Vol. 61, nr 1

321-340

PL

W pracy badano wybuch w przestrzeniach zamkniętych cylindrycznych, warstwowych ładunków termobarycznych, składających się z heksogenu flegmatyzowanego jako rdzenia i zewnętrznej warstwy, którą stanowił czysty proszek glinu (Al) lub mieszanina nadchloranu amonu z proszkiem glinu (AP/Al). Badania prowadzono w komorze wybuchowej o objętości 0,15 m³ oraz w bunkrze o objętości ok. 40 m³. W obu przypadkach stosowano takie same składy mieszaniny AP/Al i dwa rodzaje proszku glinu różniące się wielkością ziaren. W betonowym bunkrze mierzono zmiany ciśnienia oraz czas świecenia obłoku. Na tej podstawie podjęto próbę określenia wpływu wielkości ładunku rdzenia i rozmiarów cząstek glinu na parametry fali podmuchowej. W komorze wybuchowej rejestrowano również przebiegi ciśnienia i badano wpływ zawartości glinu oraz wielkości jego cząstek na tzw. ciśnienie quasi-statyczne. Oprócz tego poddano analizie TG/DTA stałe produkty każdego z testowanych ładunków warstwowych odzyskane po wybuchu w komorze.

EN

The confined explosion of an annular layered charges composed of a phlegmatised hexogen (RDXph) core and an external layer consisting of aluminium powder (Al) or a mixture of ammonium perchlorate (AP) and aluminium powder was studied. Experiments were carried out in fully and partially closed structures, i.e., in the explosion chamber of 150 dm³ in volume and in the 40 m³ volume bunker with four small holes and a doorway. Two types of aluminium powder were used in the mixtures. Signals of overpressure from two piezoelectric gauges located at the chamber's wall were recorded and the influence of aluminium contents and particle size on a quasi-static pressure (QSP) was studied. Moreover, the solid residues from the chamber were analyzed to determine their composition. A TG/DTA/DSC analyzer was used. Pressure and light histories recorded in the bunker enable us to determine blast wave characteristics and time-duration of light output. The effect of a dimension of RDXph core and aluminium particle size on blast wave parameters was also investigated.

3

Confined explosions of high explosives

Trzciński W., Paszula J.

Journal of Technical Physics

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2000

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Vol. 41, no 4

453-470

EN

In the present paper, effects of turbulent combustion of the detonation products of high explosives in confined explosions are studied. Explosions of TNT, TNT/RDX and the mixtures of these explosives with Al are investigated in a steel chamber of 150-liter volume. The chamber is filled with nitrogen or air under normal conditions. Overpressure histories are recorded at the chamber wall. The dependence of the mean overpressure on the loading density of TNT is determined. This dependence is used to determine the TNT equivalent of explosives tested for confined explosions. On the basis of the measured overpressure histories and the results of thermochemical calculations, the rate of energy release and final heat effects of combustion of the detonation products in air are also estimated. Finally, the degree of after-burning of the detonation products is calculated for explosive mixtures tested.