Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Empirical formulas for calculating Continuous Cooling Transformation diagrams

Trzaska J.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

|

2019

|

Vol. 97, nr 1

21--30

EN

Purpose: The paper presents empirical formulas for the calculation of Continuous Cooling Transformation (CCT) diagram basing on the chemical composition and austenitizing temperature. Design/methodology/approach: In the method of calculating CCT diagrams proposed in the paper, two types of tasks are solved. First task is classification and consists in determining the range of cooling rate for particular phase transformations. The second task is regression, which aims at calculating the transformations temperature, hardness and volume fraction of phases in steel. The model of CCT diagrams was developed using multiple regression and logistic regression methods. Research limitations/implications: CCT diagrams can be calculated according to the presented method, if the chemical composition of steel meets the criteria defined by the application range of the model. Practical implications: The formulas presented in the article can be used to determine the conditions for heat treatment of structural steels. Originality/value: The paper presents the method for calculating CCT diagrams of the structural steels and engineering steels, depending on their chemical composition as well as austenitizing temperature.

2

Internal stresses in PVD coated tool composites

Śliwa A., Mikuła J., Gołombek K., Kwaśny W., Pakuła D.

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

|

2016

|

Vol. 61, iss. 3

1371--1378

EN

The aim of work is the investigation of the internal stresses in PVD coated metal matrix composites (MMC). Sintered MMC substrate is composed of the matrix with the chemical composition corresponding to the high-speed steel, reinforced with the TiC type hard carbide phase. Functionally graded composition of MMC providing of high ductility characteristic of steel in the core zone as well as high hardness characteristic of cemented carbides in the surface zone. Internal stresses were determined with use of finite element method in ANSYS environment. The reason of undertaking the work is necessity of develop the research of internal stresses, occurring in the coating, as well as in the adhesion zone of coating and substrate, which makes it possible to draw valuable conclusions concerning engineering process of the advisable structure and chemical composition of coatings. The investigations were carried out on cutting tools models containing defined zones differing in chemical composition. Modelled materials were characteristic of chemical composition corresponding to the high-speed steel at the core, reinforced with the TiC type hard carbide phase with the growing fraction of these phases in the outward direction from the core to the surface, additionally coated with (Ti,Al)N or Ti(C.N) functionally graded PVD coatings. Results of determined internal stresses were compared with the results calculated using experimental X-ray sin2ψ method. It was demonstrated, that the presented model meets the initial criteria, which gives ground to the assumption about its utility for determining the stresses in coatings as well as in functionally graded sintered materials. The results of computer simulations correlate with the experimental results.

3

Calculation of the steel hardness after continuous cooling

Trzaska J.

Archives of Materials Science and Engineering

|

2013

|

Vol. 61, nr 2

87--92

EN

Purpose: The paper presents method in predicting hardness of steel cooled continuously from the austenitizing temperature, basing on the chemical composition, austenitizing temperature and cooling rate. Design/methodology/approach: In the paper it has ©been applied a hybrid approach that combined application of various mathematical tools including logistic regression and multiple regression to solve selected tasks from the area of materials science. Findings: Modelling make improvement of engineering materials properties possible, as well as prediction of their properties, even before the materials are fabricated, with the significant reduction of expenditures and time necessary for their investigation and application. Practical implications: The worked out relationships may be used in computer systems of steels’ designing for the heat-treated machine parts. Originality/value: The paper presents the method for calculating hardness of the structural steels, depending on their chemical composition, austenitizing temperature and cooling rate.

4

Forming the structure and properties of hybrid coatings on reversible rotating extrusion dies

Lukaszkowicz K.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

|

2012

|

Vol. 55, nr 2

159--224

EN

Purpose: The purpose of this monograph was to develop the methodology of formation, classification of properties and analysis of the structure of the surface layers, particularly the zone connecting the core and the coating and between the single layers created on the working surfaces of dies for the plastic formation on non-ferrous metals, with particular consideration to the specific nature of the extrusion process with reversibly rotating die (the KOBO method). Design/methodology/approach: Nanocrystalline structure layers production technology was developed, which included nanocomposite and low-friction layers with desired usable properties ensuring increased durability, abrasive and adhesion wear strength. The production process of dual-layer coatings, such as hard nitride layer - low friction DLC layer, was carried out in the continuous mode, on a device furnished with technologies of lateral, rotating cathodes and central rotating cathode, within one technological process. The developed coatings were tested under the working conditions for the elements coated with them (tools - dies), in order to establish the anticipated responses and properties during their use. Findings: The numerous interdisciplinary tests and analyses carried out in the scope of material science, production technology and computer techniques as well as the results obtained provided foundation for the formation of structure and tribological properties of the dies by controlled process conditions. The required final quality and durability of the tools for plastic metal formation in the extrusion process was obtained, which has been proven under operating conditions. Practical implications: Economically efficient process improvement, increased production efficiency and quality and products reliability through increased durability and unfailing operation time of tools for plastic formation of non-ferrous metals and improved usable properties shall guarantee measurable economic effects to the manufacturers and users of the products. Moreover, it will enhance their competitiveness both on the domestic and overseas markets. Originality/value: The Author’s original approach was the development of a dual-layer coating within one process. Such coatings consists of the internal hard PVD layer providing the appropriate hardness, strength, low thermal conductivity and restricting the impact of external factors on the wear process of the dies used for non-ferrous metals extrusion and the external low-friction layer providing good tribological properties, which, in combination with the appropriate formation of the transition zone between the base material and coating, and between the single layers in the coating, providing adhesion sufficiently high, enabled increased operating durability of the dies, and this has been proved in this paper.

5

Computer modelling of ductile iron solidification using FDM and CA methods

Kapturkiewicz W., Burbelko A. A., Fraś E., Górny M., Gurgul D.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

|

2010

|

Vol. 43, nr 1

310--323

EN

Purpose: The purpose of the work was the presentation of tool for modelling of solidification process, for prediction of some structure parameters in DI by the given chemical composition of alloy and for given boundary condition of casting. Design/methodology/approach: Two mathematical models and methods developed by authors have been presented: micromodelling with using of finite difference method (FDM) and mesomodelling with using of cellular automaton method (CA). Findings: The FDM was used for solving the DI solidification model, including heat conductivity equation with source function, boundary condition for casting, equations for austenite and eutectic grains nucleation depended on the changing undercooling, the Weibull’s formula for graphite nodule count, Kolmogorov’s equation for calculation of volume fraction of phases (eutectics and austenite). A set of equations, after transformation to a difference form, were solved by the finite difference method, using an iteration procedure. The correctness of the mathematical model has been experimentally verified in the range of most significant factors, which include temperature field, the value of maximum undercooling, and the graphite nodule count interrelated with the casting cross-section. Literature offers practically no data on so confronted process model and simulation program. The CA model was used for the simulation of the grains’ shapes in connection with FD for temperature field and solute redistribution in the grain scale. Practical implications: FDM modeling gives the possibility of statistical description of microstructure but the geometrical shape of grains is assumed a priori. In CA modeling the grain shape is not assumed, but this is the result of modeling. The use of FDM gives results quantitatively comparable to the process in real casting, particularly according to temperature fields and number of graphite spheroids. Originality/value: The CA method gives on the present stage credible qualitative results but this method is more perspective for good reproducing of the real process of solidification.

6

Finite Element Method application for structure determining of powder injection moulding samples

Śliwa A., Matula M., Dobrzański L.A.

Archives of Computational Materials Science and Surface Engineering

|

2010

|

Vol. 2, nr 3

157-164

EN

Purpose: To improve the understanding of the rheology of a metal-loaded polymer, a computer program which simulates the powder injection molding (PIM) process has been developed and its output has been compared to actual laboratory experiments. Design/methodology/approach: The polymer-powder feedstock was injection moulded using Arburg injection moulding machine. Feedstock of M2 HSS reinforced with carbides and mixed with stearic acid, paraffin wax and polypropylene as a binder was made by twin-screw extruder. Feedstock viscosity examination was made by capillary rheometer HAAKE RheoCap. Computer simulation results were compared with experimental results. Findings: Computer aided numerical analysis gives the possibility to select the optimal parameters of injection moulding without necessitate of preparation different feedstocks and manufacturing injected samples in different conditions of injection. Moreover application of ANSYS allows to apply initial process of injection moulding simulations without the necessity of purchasing expensive programs applied to material modeling injection. Research limitations/implications: It was confirmed that using of finite element method in powder injection moulding process can be a way for reducing the investigation costs Results reached in this way are satisfying and in slight degree differ from results reached by experimental method. However for achieving better calculation accuracy in further researches it should be developed given model which was presented in this paper. Originality/value: Nowadays the computer simulation is very popular and it is based on the finite element method, which allows to better understand the interdependence between parameters of process and choosing optimal solution. The possibility of application faster and faster calculation machines and coming into being many software make possible the creation of more precise models and more adequate ones to reality.

7

Experimental and numerical studies of MR damper with prototype magnetorheological fluid

Kciuk S., Turczyn R., Kciuk M.

Archives of Computational Materials Science and Surface Engineering

|

2010

|

Vol. 2, nr 3

117-124

EN

Purpose: Results of experimental studies of a prototype magnetorheological damper at various magnitudes of control current as well as the manner of modelling electromagnetic phenomena occurring in the damper are presented in this paper. Design/methodology/approach: Model MR fluid was prepared using silicone oil OKS 1050 mixed with carbonyl iron powder CI. Furthermore, to reduce sedimentation, as stabilizers was added Aerosil 200. The observations of the surface morphology of carbonyl iron and fumed silica were carried out using Digital Scanning Electron Microscope SUPRATM25 ZEISS. The effect of magnetic field on magnetorheological fluid is modelled by the finite element method. Findings: The presented model meets the initial criteria, which gives ground to the assumption about its usability for determining the dynamics properties of mechanical systems, employing the finite element method using ANSYS software. Research limitations/implications: The elaborated model can be use for modelling the semi active car suspension dynamics. Originality/value: The actual-non-linear characteristics of magnetisation identified experimentally were used as the values of relative magnetic permeability of the piston housing material. The possibility of application, e.g. real characteristics of material magnetisation and faster and faster calculation machines make possibility the creation of more precise models and more adequate ones to reality.

8

Artificial intelligence and virtual environment application for materials design methodology

Dobrzański L.A., Honysz R.

Archives of Computational Materials Science and Surface Engineering

|

2010

|

Vol. 2, nr 4

201-212

EN

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to develop a methodology for material design, enabling the selection of the chemical elements concentration, heat and plastic treatment conditions and geometrical dimensions to ensure the required mechanical properties of structural steels specified by the designer of machinery and equipment as the basis for the design of material components manufactured from these steels, by using a computational model developed with use of artificial intelligence methods and virtual environment. The model is designed to provide impact examinations of these factors on the mechanical properties of steel only in the computing environment. Design/methodology/approach: A virtual research environment built with use of computational model describing relationships between chemical composition, heat and plastic treatment conditions, product geometric dimensions and mechanical properties of the examined group of steels was developed and practical applied. This model enables the design of new structural steel by setting the values of mechanical properties based on material production descriptors and allows the selection of production descriptors on the basis of the mechanical properties without the need for additional tests or experimental studies in reality. Findings: Virtual computing environment allows full usage of the developed intelligent model of non-alloy and alloy structural steel properties and provides an easy, intuitive and user-friendly way to designate manufacturing descriptors and mechanical properties for products. Research limitations/implications:The proposed solutions allow the usage of developed virtual environment as a new medium in both, the scientific work performed remotely, as well as in education during classes. Practical implications: The new material design methodology has practical application in the development of materials and modelling of steel descriptors in aim to improve the mechanical properties and specific applications in the production of steel. Presented examples of computer aid in structural steel production showing a potential application possibility of this methodology to support the production of any group of engineering materials. Originality/value: The prediction possibility of the material mechanical properties is valuable for manufacturers and constructors. It ensures the customers quality requirements and brings also measurable financial advantages.

9

Application of artificial neural networks in properties modelling of PVD and CVD coatings

Dobrzański L.A., Staszuk M., Honysz R., Honysz R.

Archives of Computational Materials Science and Surface Engineering

|

2010

|

Vol. 2, nr 3

141-148

EN

Purpose: The aim of this paper is to describe the application of artificial neural networks in development of a model, which describes the influence of PVD and CVD coatings properties on the cutting edge durability from sintered carbides covered with these layers. Design/methodology/approach: The input data used for the artificial neural networks were PVD and CVD coatings microhardness, thickness, grain size and their adhesion to the substrate. On the network's output is the durability of the PVD and CVD coatings coated on sintered carbide blades determined in technological cutting trials of grey cast iron. Findings: Research results shows, that the greatest influence on the durability of coated sintered carbide blades is adhesion to the substrate. Smaller influence on blades durability has the size of grains. Other properties have a minor influence on the cutting tool. Practical implications: The presented results indicates, that the coating material selection and design of PVD and CVD coatings deposition process should be implemented with taking into consideration in the first place the best coating's adhesion to the substrate. Originality/value: The application of artificial neural networks for influence determination of PVD and CVD coatings microhardness, grain size, thickness and adhesion to the substrate on the durability of the sintered carbide blades covered with investigated coatings.

10

The computer simulation of internal stresses on the PVD coatings

Śliwa A., Dobrzański L.A., Kwaśny W., Sitek W.

Archives of Computational Materials Science and Surface Engineering

|

2009

|

Vol. 1, nr 3

183-188

EN

Purpose: The general topic of this paper is the computer simulation with the use of finite element method for determining the internal stresses in coatings Ti+TiN, Ti+Ti(CxN1-x) i Ti+TiC obtained in the magnetron PVD process on the sintered high-speed steel of the ASP 30 in different temperatures of 460, 500 and 540°C Design/methodology/approach: Modelling of stresses was performed with the help of finite element method in ANSYS environment, and the experimental values of stresses were determined basing on the X-ray diffraction patterns. Findings: The presented model meets the initial criteria, which gives ground to the assumption about its usability for determining the stresses in coatings, employing the finite element method using the ANSYS program. The computer simulation results correlate with the experimental results. Research limitations/implications: To evaluate with more detail the possibility of applying these coatings in tools, further computer simulation should be concentrated on the determination of other properties of the coatings for example-microhardness. Originality/value: Nowadays the computer simulation is very popular and it is based on the finite element method, which allows to better understand the interdependence between parameters of process and choosing optimal solution. The possibility of application faster and faster calculation machines and coming into being many software make possible the creation of more precise models and more adequate ones to reality.

11

Modelling the influence of carbides on tool wear

Lorentzon J., Jarvstrat N.

Archives of Computational Materials Science and Surface Engineering

|

2009

|

Vol. 1, nr 1

29-37

EN

Purpose: The complex mechanisms of tool wear in metal cutting have not been possible to investigate in detail by the experimental methods traditionally employed. However, as a result of both the continuous development of numerical methods, such as the Finite Element Method (FEM) and the development of ever more powerful computers, the evaluation of the chip formation process and the evolution of tool wear is now possible. Design/methodology/approach: In the work presented in this paper, numerical methods are employed to study the effect of a single embedded hard carbide particle on tool wear and tool tip deformation. An important advantage of this approach is that particle size and position can easily be changed, thus making it possible to investigate the influence of these parameters on tool wear. Findings: The results reveal that the position, and in particular the size of carbide particles, have a dramatic impact on tool wear. In particular, particles larger than a certain size (about 5μm) cause significant plastic deformation of the tool tip, when passing in sufficient proximity. Research limitations/implications: An effort has been made to obtain the corrected version of the stability polynomial, the corresponding stability region and the range of Re(z) for the RK-Butcher algorithm. Originality/value: The present article sheds some light on different numerical integration algorithms involved in robot arm model problem.

12

Finite element modelling of the fracture behaviour of surface treated Ti-6Al-4V alloy

Ziaja W.

Archives of Computational Materials Science and Surface Engineering

|

2009

|

Vol. 1, nr 1

53-60

EN

Purpose: Surface treatments of the titanium alloys are frequently applied in order to modify the surface layer microstructure and to improve tribological properties or resistance to high temperature oxidation of the alloy. Various surface engineering techniques can be used to increase the surface hardness, e.g. deposition of the coatings composed of metallic carbides, nitrides or more recently DLC. The stiffness and strength properties of the coating and substrate materials differ significantly. Cracking of the usually brittle coating leads to stress concentration and localized plastic deformation of the substrate which can facilitate propagation of microcracks into the substrate. This can result in premature failure of the hard coated component. In the paper the crack penetrating hard coating was analysed and the influence of coating and substrate properties on crack driving force was numerically investigated. Design/methodology/approach: Two dimensional finite element analysis of the four point bending test of surface modified titanium alloy with the crack penetrating hardened layer was carried out. Findings: The effect of the coating thickness and stiffness, residual stresses in the coating, yield strength of substrate material and yield properties of diffusion hardened layer on crack driving force was determined. Research limitations/implications: Some extension of the numerical model should be introduced in order to take into account the interactions of the crack with microstructure of the material. Practical implications: The results could be used for selection of parameters of surface layer with complex structure in the process of the design of load bearing components against fracture. Originality/value: The fracture behaviour of hard coated materials was most frequently studied for indentation and friction conditions and considerably less concern was devoted to coated systems under tension or compression.

13

Finite Element Method application for modelling of mechanical properties

Dobrzański L.A., Śliwa A., Tański T.

Archives of Computational Materials Science and Surface Engineering

|

2009

|

Vol. 1, nr 1

25-28

EN

Purpose: A numerical model was developed in order to predict the hardness for casting the magnesium alloys MCMgAl12Zn1, MCMgAl6Zn1, MCMgAl3Zn1 and MCMgAl9Zn1. Design/methodology/approach: Computer simulation of hardness was carried out with the help of finite element method in ANSYS environment, and the experimental values of hardness were determined basing on the Rockwell method. Findings: The presented model meets the initial criteria, which gives ground to the assumption about its usability for determining the hardness in casting the magnesium alloys MCMgAl12Zn1, MCMgAl6Zn1, MCMgAl3Zn1 and MCMgAl9Zn1, employing the finite element method using the ANSYS program. The computer simulation results correlate with the experimental results. Research limitations/implications: Presently the computer simulation is very popular and it is based on the finite element method, which allows to better understand the interdependence between parameters of process and choosing optimal solution. Originality/value: The possibility of application faster and faster calculation machines and coming into being many software make possible the creation of more precise models and more adequate ones to reality.

14

Neural network application in simulations of composites Al-Al2O3 tribological properties

Dobrzański L., Kremzer M., Trzaska J., Włodarczyk-Fligier A.

Archives of Materials Science and Engineering

|

2008

|

Vol. 30, nr 1

37-40

EN

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is application of neural networks in tribological properties simulation of composite materials based on porous ceramic preforms infiltrated by liquid aluminium alloy. Design/methodology/approach: The material for investigations was manufactured by pressure infiltration method of ceramic porous preforms. The eutectic aluminium alloy EN AC – AlSi12 was use as a matrix while as reinforcement were used ceramic preforms manufactured by sintering of Al2O3 Alcoa CL 2500 powder with addition of pore forming agents as carbon fibres Sigrafil C10 M250 UNS manufactured by SGL Carbon Group Company. The wear resistance was measured by the use of device designed in the Institute of Engineering Materials and Biomaterials. The device realize dry friction wear mechanism of reciprocating movement condition. The simulation of load and number of cycles influence on tribological properties was made by the use of neural networks. Findings: The received results show the possibility of obtaining the new composite materials with required tribological properties moreover those properties can by simulated by the use of neural networks. Practical implications: The composite materials made by the developed method can find application among the others in automotive industry as the alternative material for elements fabricated from light metal matrix composite material reinforced with ceramic fibers. Originality/value: Worked out model of neural network can be used as helpful tool to prediction the wear of aluminium matrix composite materials In condition of dry friction.

15

Application of the artificial neural networks for prediction of magnetic saturation of metallic amorphous alloys

Konieczny J., Dobrzański L., Tomiczek B., Trzaska J.

Archives of Materials Science and Engineering

|

2008

|

Vol. 30, nr 2

105-108

EN

Purpose: The aim of the work is to employ the artificial neural networks for prediction of magnetic saturation of the amorphous alloys with the iron and cobalt matrix. Design/methodology/approach: It has been assumed that the artificial neural networks can be used to assign the relationship between the chemical compositions of amorphous alloys, temperature of heat treatment and magnetic saturation. In order to determine the relationship it has been necessary to work out a suitable calculation model. It has been proved that employment of genetic algorithm to selection of input neurons can be very useful tool to improve artificial neural network calculation results. The attempt to use the artificial neural networks for predicting the effect of the chemical composition and temperature of heat treatment on the magnetic saturation BS succeeded, as the level of the obtained results was acceptable. Findings: Artificial neural networks, can be applied for predicting the effect of the chemical composition and temperature of heat treatment on the magnetic saturation. Research limitations/implications: Worked out model should be used for prediction of magnetic saturation only in particular groups of amorphous alloys, mostly because of the discontinuous character of input data. Practical implications: The results of research make it possible to calculate with a certain admissible error the magnetic saturation Bs value basing on combinations of concentrations of the particular elements and heat treatment temperature. Originality/value: In this paper it has been presented an original trial of prediction of the required magnetic properties of the iron and cobalt amorphous alloys.

16

Numerical simulation model for the determination of hardness for casting the magnesium alloys MCMgAl6Zn1

Dobrzański L. A., Śliwa A., Tański T.

Archives of Materials Science

|

2008

|

Vol. 29, nr 3

118-124

EN

A numerical model was developed in order to predict the hardness for casting the magnesium alloys MCMgAl6Zn1. Computer simulation of hardness was carried out with the help of finite element method in ANSYS environment, and the experimental values of hardness were determined basing on the Rockwell method. The presented model meets the initial criteria, which gives ground to the assumption about its usability for determining the hardness in casting the magnesium alloys MCMgAl6Zn1, employing the finite element method using the ANSYS program. The computer simulation results correlate with the experimental results. Presently the computer simulation is very popular and it is based on the finite element method, which allows to better understand the interdependence between parameters of process and choosing optimal solution. The possibility of application faster and faster calculation machines and coming into being many software make possible the creation of more precise models and more adequate ones to reality.

17

The computer simulation of stresses in the Ti+Ti(CxN1-x) coatings obtained in the PVD process

Dobrzański L. A., Śliwa A., Kwaśny W.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

|

2007

|

Vol. 24, nr 2

155-158

EN

Purpose: The aim of the research is the computer simulation of the internal stresses in bilayer coatings Ti+Ti(CxN1-x) obtained in the magnetron PVD process on the sintered high-speed steel of the ASP 30 in working atmosphere including 75% N2 i 25% CH4, 50% N2 i 50% CH4, and 25% N2 i 75% CH4. Design/methodology/approach: Computer simulation of stresses was carried out in ANSYS environment, using the FEM method and the experimental values of stresses were determined basing on the X-ray diffraction patterns. Findings: The computer simulation results correlate with the experimental results. The presented model meets the initial criteria, which gives ground to the assumption about its usability for determining the stresses in coatings, employing the finite element method using the ANSYS program. Research limitations/implications: In order to evaluate with more detail the possibility of applying these coatings in tools, further computer simulation should be concentrated on the determination of other properties of the coatings for example - microhardness. Originality/value: Presently the computer simulation is very popular and it is based on the finite element method, which allows to better understand the interdependence between parameters of process and choosing optimal solution. The possibility of application faster and faster calculation machines and coming into being many software make possible the creation of more precise models and more adequate ones to reality.

18

Research activities of computer-aided materials processing laboratory

Im Y. T., Lee H. W., Lee H. C., Awais M., Jin Y. G., Jung K. H., Jung K. H.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

|

2007

|

Vol. 24, nr 1

219-229

EN

Purpose: of this paper is to review the research works carried out at the national research laboratory for computer-aided materials processing at the department of mechanical engineering at KAIST. Design/methodology/approach: The research papers published so far from the laboratory were carefully reviewed and highlights for developing simulation tools for mesh generation, 2D or 3D finite element analyses for forging, shape rolling, solidification, semi-solid forging, compression molding of thermoset composites, injection molding without or with short fibers, and expert system for multi-stage axi-symmetric cold forging, extrusion, and multi-pass shape rolling are recaptured. Findings: According to this survey, the important issues involved with program developments and their industrial applications were revisited. Research limitations/implications: Understanding of material behaviour at various processing conditions and characterization of proper boundary conditions in terms of friction and temperature should be carefully made. Handling of complex geometry and computational efficiency for such geometry should be improved as well. Further development of three dimensional design systems should be necessary. Practical implications: Proper usage of the simulation tools and interface such tools with the automatic design system with the help of artificial intelligence will be very useful at the design stage of new manufacturing products and processes. In addition, proper understanding of deformation mechanics is of importance to properly utilize such numerical tools. Originality/value: Various aspects of limitations involved with program developments and their usage are identified and some important industrial applications demonstrated.

19

Modelling of properties of the PVD coatings using neural networks

Kwaśny W., Sitek W., Dobrzański L. A.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

|

2007

|

Vol. 24, nr 2

163-166

EN

Purpose: The goal of this work is to develop the neural network model for prediction of properties Ti+TiN, Ti+Ti(C,N) and Ti+TiC coatings obtained in the PVD process. Design/methodology/approach: Neural network models were developed based on the experimental results multifractal analysis of the examined coatings were made basing on measurements obtained from the AFM microscope, using the projective covering method. Findings: Investigations carried out confirm that the fractal dimension and parameters describing the multifractal spectrum shape may be used for prediction of coatings obtained in the PVD processes. Research limitations/implications: Investigation or relationship between parameters describing the multifractal spectrum and physical properties of the examined materials calls for further analyses. Originality/value: The presented in the paper research results indicate that neural networks can be applied for modeling the properties of PVD coatings on the base of multifractal parameters.

20

Fractal and multifractal characteristics of PVD coatings

Kwaśny W., Dobrzański L. A., Król M., Mikuła J.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

|

2007

|

Vol. 24, nr 2

159-162

EN

Purpose: The goal of this work is the fractal and multifractal characteristics and tribological properties of the TiN and TiN+multiTiAlSiN+TiN coatings obtained by cathodic arc evaporation PVD process on the multi-edge plates made from the Al203 + SiC(w) oxide tool ceramics. Design/methodology/approach: The results of the chemical and phase composition researches, tests of mechanical properties, including thickness, microhardness and roughness were evaluated. The characterized structure and surface topography of analyzed coatings, presenting fractal and multifractal character, was confirmed. To estimate the fractal dimension and multifractal spectra, measurements obtained from atomic force microscope (AMF) images, projective covering method (PCM) was used. Findings: The researches were carried out to confirm that the fractal dimension and parameters, describing the multifractal spectrum shape, may be used for characterizing and comparing coating surface obtained by cathodic arc evaporation PVD process and of the substrate material made from Al203 + SiC(w) oxide tool ceramics. Research limitations/implications: Relationship between parameters describing the multifractal spectrum and physical properties of the examined materials calls for further work. Originality/value: Fractal and multifractal analysis gives possibility to characterise in the quantitative way the extent of irregularities of the analysed surface.