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1
Content available Comparison of Titanium Metal Matrix Composite Surface Layers Produced During Laser Gas Nitriding of Ti6Al4V Alloy by Different Types of Lasers
Lisiecki A.
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
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2016
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Vol. 61, iss. 4
1777--1784
EN
The article presents the results of a comparative study of the nitriding process of titanium alloy substrate using two lasers with different characteristics of laser beams. One of the applied lasers was a high power diode laser emitting at a dominant wavelength of 808 nm, with a rectangular laser beam spot, and multimode energy distribution across the spot. The second laser was a solid state Yb:YAG disk laser emitting at a wavelength of 1.03 μm, with a circular beam spot, characterized by near Gaussian energy distribution across the spot. In a case of both lasers single stringer beads with a similar width and at similar energy input were produced. As a result of melting of the substrate with a laser beam in a pure gaseous nitrogen atmosphere composite surface layers with in situ precipitated titanium nitrides embedded in the metallic matrix of titanium alloy were produced, in both cases. However, the surface topography and structure is different for the surface layers produce by different lasers at the same processing parameters and width of laser beams.
2
Content available remote Multi-layers castings
Szajnar J., Wróbel P., Wróbel T.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
|
2010
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Vol. 10, iss. 1
181-186
EN
In paper is presented the possibility of making of multi-layers cast steel castings in result of connection of casting and welding coating technologies. First layer was composite surface layer on the basis of Fe-Cr-C alloy, which was put directly in founding process of cast carbon steel 200-450 with use of preparation of mould cavity method. Second layer were padding welds, which were put with use of TIG - Tungsten Inert Gas surfacing by welding technology with filler on Ni matrix, Ni and Co matrix with wolfram carbides WC and on the basis on Fe-Cr-C alloy, which has the same chemical composition with alloy, which was used for making of composite surface layer. Usability for industrial applications of surface layers of castings were estimated by criterion of hardness and abrasive wear resistance of type metal-mineral.
3
Content available remote Badania struktury powierzchniowych warstw kompozytowych na odlewach ze stopów żelaza
Szajnar J., Wróbel P., Wróbel T.
Kompozyty
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2009
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R. 9, nr 3
282-285
PL
Przedstawiono fragment badań strukturalnych, których celem było określenie struktury i zasięgu dyfuzji podstawowych składników w obszarze warstwy kompozytowej i strefy przejściowej. Badania prowadzone były przy użyciu mikroskopu świetlnego i elektronowego skaningowego z systemem EDS oraz dyfraktometru rentgenowskiego. Na podstawie uzyskanych wyników określono charakterystyczne struktury i ich składniki występujące w obszarze powierzchniowej warstwy kompozytowej, strefy przejściowej i osnowy. Strukturę warstwy kompozytowej można podzielić na osnowę, która stanowi ferryt stopowy oraz wydzielenia węglików, głównie M7C3. Wyróżniono węgliki iglaste oraz eutektykę węglikową. Ponadto można zaobserwować, że wraz ze wzrostem masywności odlewu rośnie zasięg dyfuzyjny niektórych pierwiastków. Ma to duże znaczenie dla powstałej strefy przejściowej, warunkującej dobre połączenie warstwy z materiałem bazowym odlewu.
EN
The paper presents a method of usable properties of surface layers improvement of cast carbon steel, by put directly in founding process a composite surface layer on the basis of Fe-Cr-C alloy. Technology of composite surface layer guarantees mainly increase in hardness and aberasive wear resistance of cast steel and cast iron castings on machine elements. This technology can be competition for generally applied welding technology (surfacing by welding and thermal spraying). In earlier studies authors showed, that exist possibility of control of thickness, hardness and aberasive wear resistance of type metal-mineral of composite surface layer by suitable selection of parameters i.e. thickness of composite insert, pouring temperature and solidification modulus of casting. Composite layers with large thickness are results from use of larger thickness of composite insert, higher pouring temperature and larger thickness of casting wall i.e. larger solidification modulus. Thicker layers have smaller hardness than thin layers. It result from larger diluting of alloying constituents after long time of diffusion. Moreover obtained thickness of composite layers are proper for assurance of suitable time of castings exploitation. The industrial application of composite surface layers technology among other things take in founding of cast steel slide bush for combined cutter loader, in which moves a arm of head to mining of hard coal, in founding of aberasive wear resistant skid and in founding of cast iron ingot moulds, which have high thermal shock resistance. Whereas in particular the paper presents a part of structure studies, which were made with use of light microscope Nikon EPIPHOT-TME, scanning electron microscope Inspect F with EDS system and X-ray diffractometer Panalytical RTG XPertPro. On the basis of results was affirmed that structure of composite surface layer contains matrix i.e. alloy ferrite and carbides mainly M7C3. Acicular carbides and carbide eutectic were distinguished. Moreover was observed, that increase of casting mass results in increase in range of selected elements diffusion for example carbon and chromium. This is very important for created transition zone, which strongly influences on quality of joint between layer and base casting.
4
Content available remote Model castings with composite surface layer - application
Szajnar J., Wróbel P., Wróbel T.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
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2008
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Vol. 8, iss. 3
105-110
EN
The paper presents a method of usable properties of surface layers improvement of cast carbon steel 200–450, by put directly in founding process a composite surface layer on the basis of Fe-Cr-C alloy. Technology of composite surface layer guarantee mainly increase in hardness and aberasive wear resistance of cast steel castings on machine elements. This technology can be competition for generally applied welding technology (surfacing by welding and thermal spraying). In range of studies was made cast steel test castings with composite surface layer, which usability for industrial applications was estimated by criterion of hardness and aberasive wear resistance of type metal-mineral and quality of joint cast steel – (Fe-Cr-C). Based on conducted studies a thesis, that composite surface layer arise from liquid state, was formulated. Moreover, possible is control of composite layer thickness and its hardness by suitable selection of parameters i.e. thickness of insert, pouring temperature and solidification modulus of casting. Possibility of technology application of composite surface layer in manufacture of cast steel slide bush for combined cutter loader is presented.
5
Content available remote Methods of improvement in hardness of composite surface layer on cast steel
Szajnar J., Wróbel P., Wróbel T.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
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2008
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Vol. 8, iss. 3s
111--116
EN
The paper presents a method of usable properties of surface layers improvement of cast carbon steel 200–450, by put directly in founding process a composite surface layer on the basis of Fe-Cr-C alloy and next its remelting with use of welding technology TIG – Tungsten Inert Gas. Technology of composite surface layer guarantee mainly increase in hardness and abrasive wear resistance of cast steel castings on machine elements. This technology can be competition for generally applied welding technology (surfacing by welding and thermal spraying). However the results of studies show, that is possible to connection of both methods founding and welding of surface hardening of cast steel castings. In range of experimental plan was made test castings with composite surface layer, which next were remelted with energy 0,8 and 1,6 kJ/cm. Usability for industrial applications of test castings was estimated by criterion of hardness and abrasive wear resistance of type metal-mineral.
6
Content available remote Investigation of thermal processes during test operation of ingot mould with composite surface layer
Szajnar J., Wróbel P., Wróbel T.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
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2008
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Vol. 8, iss. 3s
163--166
EN
The paper presents a method of usable properties of surface layers improvement of grey cast iron EN-GJL-200 ingot mould, by put directly in founding process a composite surface layer on the basis of corundum Al2O3 and quartz sand SiO2. Technology of composite surface layer guarantee mainly increase in hardness and abrasive wear resistance of cast steel and cast iron castings on machine elements. This technology can be competition for generally applied welding technology (surfacing by welding and thermal spraying). The results of studies show, that is positive influence of composite surface layer with ceramic particles on increase in life of cast iron ingot moulds.
7
Content available remote Characteristics of microstructure in composite surface layers
Dudek A., Nitkiewicz Z.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
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2008
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Vol. 8, iss. 1 spec.
75--78
EN
Heat spraying consists in manufacturing of a metal, cermetallic or ceramic coating on the surface of any product by means of special-purpose blowpipe for melting and spraying of the applied materials. The sprayed layers are typically characterized by low adhesion to the surface and low cohesion, which limits opportunities of wide application. Additional processing is performed in order to rebuilt the created coatings, by e.g. surface treatment by application of concentrated energy sources [1-16]. The purpose of this work was a cognitive analysis of structural effects which occur in the alloyed surface layer melted with three various types of heat sources - laser, plasma and TIG welding method. Surfaces of samples were previously covered with l00μm TiO2 ceramic layer. The investigations, carried out in order to correlate structural effects in the created surface layer, revealed differences between beams used during heat treatment, in consideration of both methodology and structural results of the process.
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