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Zastosowanie membran MWCNT/PAN do usuwania metali ciężkich

Przywara Lucyna

Polish Journal of Materials and Environmental Engineering

2021

Vol. 2 (22)

5--14

The paper presents results of research on the production, properties and application of poly-acrylonitrile (PAN) based membranes with the addition of multi-wallet carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) for the removal of heavy metals such as lead, zinc, cobalt and nickel from water and wastewater. The introduction of the MWCNT additive into the PAN matrix slowed down the membrane coagulation process, which resulted in an increase in their mass per unit area, thickness, apparent density and porosity, pore size of the membranes and improved the transport and separation properties. PAN membranes were obtained using phase inversion method. First, a 12% solution of PAN in DMF was prepared. Membrane-forming solutions containing 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0% of MWCNT respectively were prepared to form MWCNT/PAN composite membranes. Of all the composite membranes MWCNT/PAN obtained, the membrane “1” was characterized by the best properties. The pure water flux through membrane “1” was 9–12 fold higher than in the unmodified mem-brane (“0”). Performing structural tests enabled to explain phenomena observed during physi-cochemical properties tests. When analyzing the SEM photomicrographs (cross-section, bot-tom layer), it can be reported that the best structural is characterized by membrane “1”. The satisfactory results of transport membrane research encouraged to analyze the separa-tion properties of composite membranes MWCNT/PAN. In order to test the separation prop-erties, water with individual ions and ions in the electroplating wastewater was analyzed in terms of the use of the membranes for heavy metals removal. The examination of water individual ions was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry showed that only Zn2+ and Co2+ ions were completely removed (100%) on each of the mem-branes obtained in the experiment. The degree of heavy metals removal for all the obtained membranes and for subsequent ions was estimated at: 100% (Co2+), 70–100% (Zn2+), 65–100% (Ni2+) and 62–100% (Pb2+) for water and wastewater. The yielded results may indi-cate the occurrence of competitive reactions leading to preferential removal of metals from the electroplating wastewater.