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Rationalization process in the refining sector of the European Union in the context of activities aimed at restoring the competitiveness of refineries

Białek M., Gross-Gołacka E., Kaliski M.

AGH Drilling, Oil, Gas

2014

Vol. 31, no. 1

39--48

Analysis of factors shaping the market environment the oil sector in the European Union leads to the conclusion that the main elements having an impact on the profitability of refinery operations include their complexity index, access to a particular slate of crude oil, supply infrastructure (land premium, supply side, etc.) as well as laws and regulations regarding this very industry (both EU and national legislation). It should be emphasized that on the one hand European refiners compete against each other on national markets (including the EU market), on the other hand, however, they are vulnerable to competitive activity of refineries from outside of the European Union. Recent years clearly outline the downturn in the oil refining sector of the EU, that is manifested by idling the refineries, changes in their base model activity (conversion into the fuel and crude oil storage sites), or at best sector acquisitions by foreign companies (mainly from the Russian Federation). The progressive loss of capacity of oil refining on the Old Continent will cause significant changes in the energy security of fuel supplies, which simply, will have to be imported from abroad in the foreseeable future. In order to counteract the negative developments in the market, refineries affiliated with professional organizations (such as EUROPIA, Concawe) have taken an action in co-operation with the European Commission and the International Energy Agency aimed to develop the so-called pilot - horizontal control of refining sector efficiency (fitness check) involving the review of existing EU law. The purpose of this activity is to identify unnecessary burdens and unintended, negative impact of existing EU law on the sector. In line with the European Commission plans, the results of a fitness check are to be published in late 2014, yet the new non-legislative and legislative initiatives of the EU should take into account the context of the restoration of refinery competitiveness.

Kapitał intelektualny jako czynnik podnoszący konkurencyjność przedsiębiorstwa

Olszewska M.

Przegląd Odlewnictwa

2010

Vol. 60, nr 7-8

346-349

Szeroko dyskutowana koncepcja kapitału intelektualnego na poziomie przedsiębiorstwa skłania do przeanalizowania pojęcia kapitału intelektualnego i jego składników. W teoretycznych rozważaniach należy zidentyfikować cechy organizacji, które ułatwiają rozwój potencjału ludzkiego i aktywów niematerialnych oraz wskazują style zarządzania, które mogą być uznaną za narzędzia oddziaływania w zakresie rozwoju kapitału intelektualnego u podwładnych. Artykuł kończy się wnioskami, które przyczynia się do znalezienia odpowiedzi na pytanie: jaka jest przyszłość kapitału intelektualnego postrzeganego jako źródło nowych możliwości konkurowania w warunkach liberalizującej się gospodarki światowej.

A widely discussed concept of intellectual capital on the level of a company led to undertaking the analysis of the concept of intellectual capital and its elements. In theoretical divagations, the features of the organisation which facilitate the development of the human potential and non-material assets and indicate the management styles, which can be considered to be the tools for influencing the development of the intellectual capital in the subordinates shall be identified. The paper is finished with conclusions, which shall contribute to finding answers to the question: what is the future of intellectual capital, regarded as a source of new competitive potential in the increasingly liberal world economy.