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A Formal Syntax of Natural Languages and the Deductive Grammar

Wang Y.

Fundamenta Informaticae

2009

Vol. 90, nr 4

353-368

This paper presents a formal syntax framework of natural languages for computational linguistics. The abstract syntax of natural languages, particularly English, and their formal manipulations are described. On the basis of the abstract syntax, a universal language processing model and the deductive grammar of English are developed toward the formalization of Chomsky's universal grammar in linguistics. Comparative analyses of natural and programming languages, as well as the linguistic perception on software engineering, are discussed. A wide range of applications of the deductive grammar of English have been explored in language acquisition, comprehension, generation, and processing in cognitive informatics, computational intelligence, and cognitive computing.

Mobile Object-Net Systems and their Processes

Farwer B., Köhler M.

Fundamenta Informaticae

2004

Vol. 60, nr 1-4

113--129

The Petri-net-based formalism of mobile object-net systems ( MONS) is used to model concurrent systems with dynamically changing environments, such as mobile objects. The tokens in MONS are themselves Petri nets, which gives the formalism an additional (vertical) dimension of nesting. Traditional Petri nets have essentially a horizontal structure, given by the fact that markings are multisets. The question arises, whether MONS can be regarded as a canonical extension of such Petri nets. Due to the nested nature of MONS, the answer is not obvious. We first give the formal definition of MONS and then prove some properties of the formalism, showing that, with respect to interleaving semantics (i.e. firing sequences), MONS can indeed be viewed as a canonical extension of traditional Petri nets. We then define MONS processes, also as a canonical extension of standard Petri net processes.