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The Effect of Pressure on Compaction Process Parameters of Milk Thistle Straw With Binder

Kulig Ryszard

Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 68, nr 1

33--39

EN

The results of research on determining the influence of pressure (from 45 to 113 MPa) on the compaction parameters of milk thistle straw (Sylibum marianum) are presented. Raw biomass and biomass containing the addition of a binder in the form of calcium lignosulfonate were investigated. Compaction was carried out using a Z020/TN2S Zwick universal testing machine and a pressing unit with a closed die. It was found that with increasing pressure, the density of material in the chamber and the density of the briquette rises (on average by 33.8%), and the mechanical strength of the finished product grows almost 3.5 times. Increasing the compaction pressure augments the compaction energy demand by an average of 84%. It was shown that the addition of binder increases the density of the briquette (by 22% on average) and raises the mechanical strength by 150% on average.

2

Evaluation the Effect of Adding Oil Shale Ash on the Compressive Strength of Concrete

Gougazeh Mousa

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

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2022

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Vol. 16, no 4

130--137

EN

In the present study, the effect of cementing properties of oil shale ash on the compressive strength of the concrete mixtures produced from oil shale ash, cement, sand, and water was investigated. The used shale ash was produced by direct combustion at 830oC in a laboratory muffle furnace of the El-Lajjun oil shale. Based on the chemical composition of shale ash (OSA), it was concluded that this material consists of a high percentage of CaO which forms the properties of cement materials as well as the contents of SiO2, Al2O3, and Fe2O3 form the properties of pozzolanic materials. Oil shale ash (OSA) materials have diverse applications as alternative materials for the construction industry and construction technology to reduce environmental risks and achieve sustainability. The results showed that the pressed specimen with 40 wt. % OSA content, 50 wt. % sand content and 30% MW obtained the highest compressive strength of about 9.1 MPa after 28 days of hardening. The highest value of 28 days compressive strength for a compacted specimen containing 35 wt. % OSA and 35% MW were achieved with 12 MPa at a compaction pressure of between 25 and 30 MPa. High compressive strength values were found to be achieved in the compressed specimens by controlling mixing water. It is also indicated that the compressive strength increases as OSA content in the compressed specimen increases and increases as compaction pressure increases.

3

Effect Of Compaction Pressure And Sintering Temperature On The Liquid Phase Sintering Behavior Of Al-Cu-Zn Alloy

Lee S. H., Ahn B.

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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2015

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Vol. 60, iss. 2B

1485--1489

EN

The liquid phase sintering characteristics of Al-Cu-Zn alloy were investigated with respect to various powder metallurgy processing conditions. Powders of each alloying elements were blended to form Al-6Cu-5Zn composition and compacted with pressures of 200, 400, and 600 MPa. The sintering process was performed at various temperatures of 410, 560, and 615°C in N2 gas atmosphere. Density and micro-Vickers hardness measurements were conducted at different processing stages, and transverse rupture strength of sintered materials was examined for each condition, respectively. The microstructure was characterized using optical microscope and scanning electron microscopy. The effect of Zn addition on the liquid phase sintering behavior during P/M process of the Al-Cu-Zn alloy was also discussed in detail.

4

De-Lubrication Behavior Of Novel EBS Based Admixed Lubricant In Aluminum P/M Alloy

Oh M. C., Seok H., Kim H. J., Ahn B.

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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2015

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Vol. 60, iss. 2B

1427--1431

EN

The objective of the present research is to develop a novel lubricant for Al-Cu-Mg P/M alloy and to address the effects of the lubricant and compaction pressure on sintered properties. A lubricant mixture consisting of Ethylene Bis Stearamide, Zn-Stearate, and fatty acid was newly developed in this study, and the de-lubrication behavior was compared with that of other commercial lubricants, such as Ethylene Bis Stearamide, Zn-Stearate, and Al-Stearate. Density and transverse rupture strength of sintered materials with each lubricant were examined, respectively. The microstructural analysis was conducted using optical microscope.