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EN
The analysis of conditions how contemporary military operations are conducted and changes that take place in the Polish Armed Forces’ structures leads to a conclusion that the execution of tasks is closely connected with the necessity to use more and more advanced technical assets to transmit information. This should also be reflected in the ways information is exchanged between personnel on command posts (CPs) on land forces’ tactical level. The reorganization of command structures and new positions in command subunits enforces rethinking of information transmission (orders, decisions) and information security during combat operations. CP commands, organized by command battalions, have a special role to play in this process. Research made in this area shows that only a properly constructed organizational and functional structure of these sub-units and equipping them in modern communication and IT assets allow meeting the challenges of the modern battlefield (area of operation - AOR). Therefore it is appropriate to make an analysis of future command sub-units and information links organized by them in the superior’s command system in reference to the conditions of a future battlefield (AOR). The article deals with the possibilities to apply structural and technical solutions to transmit information for the needs of command posts and communication hubs from the battalion level to the division including. The author presents information links and correlation between different elements of command and control structures that are reflected on CPs. He also shows possible directions of development and changes in this aspect in relation to commanders’ needs and expectations. At the same time, the necessity to meet operational, technical and exploitation requirements is stressed. In addition, the capability to exchange information in centric network environment is discussed.
2
Content available remote The Polish air component command headquarters : challenges for future
EN
After the collapse of the Warsaw Pact, Poland started a major revision of its security and defense thinking. Poland, as a new democracy, saw membership of NATO as a way to guarantee security. As a consequence sovereignty and membership of NATO was declared to be a strategic goal of Polish security policy. In 1992, the Polish government published “doctrinal” texts setting out the security and defense policy of Poland, their view of potential threats, and the new purposes and tasks of the armed forces. This doctrine on Polish security and defense policy was the basis for further Polish security considerations. In 1998, Warsaw adopted the “Program for Integration into the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and Modernization of the Polish Armed Forces 1998-2012,” which took a long-term approach. Later, on 6 March 2001, the government adopted the Project of Technical Reorganization, Modernization and funding of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Poland in years 2001-2006,which provided a short-term option. These plans provided a strategy for integrating Poland into NATO. The eight-year Polish effort to gain acceptance to join NATO finally succeeded on March 12, 1999. Since that time the POLAF has undertaken an initiative to reorganize its training system according to NATO standards and procedures, modernize infrastructure and introduce new equipment, such as combat aircraft and radar systems. The next aspect of integration involved improvements of command and control system. A lot of changes in these field of activity were undertaken. The new Centrum Operacji Powietrznych - COP (similar to Combined Air Operation Centre - CAOC) together with four Ośrodkami Dowodzenia i Naprowadzania - ODN (similar to Air Control and Reporting Center - CRC) was created. Furthermore, the corps level of command and control, i.e. ADC was abolished. However, to achieve compatibility and interoperability within the NATO command system it is necessary to create and sustain a new military organization in Polish air force chain of command. A new structure which will be able to fulfil national and allied expectations in the fields of planning process, collaboration with other components, execution of missions, training, and exercises. So, the main aim of this article is to define the role and mission of the new POLAF command organization - Air Component Command Headquarters. To solve this problem it is necessary to find solutions for the following questions: How is the NATO Air command and control system (C2) organized? ; What is the mission and organization of the NATO Air Component Command Headquarter? ; What does the Polish Air Force command and control system look like? ; How to organize Polish Air Component Command Headquarter?
PL
Artykuł przedstawia problematykę dokonywania oceny dokładności i skuteczności działania zestawów przeciwlotniczych wyposażonych w System Kierowania Ogniem przy pomocy będącego na wyposażeniu Wojskowego Instytutu Technicznego Uzbrojenia Mobilnego Systemu Trajektograficznego. Przedstawiono, zasadę działania systemu trajektograficznego, jego możliwości techniczne oraz metody badań zestawów przeciwlotniczych wyposażonych w System Kierowania ogniem w warunkach poligonowych.
EN
Problems concerning the evaluation of accuracy and effectiveness of antiaircraft missile systems integrated with a fire control systems are presented in the paper. Technical characteristics of an optical-electronic mobile system to track trajectories owned by the Military Institute of Armament Technology and deployed for evaluation of antiaircraft systems are provided.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań zdawczo-odbiorczych obiektów SDP-10K przeznaczonych dla automatyzacji zadań dowodzenia i kierowania w dywizjonach.
EN
Some results of qualification tests on the antiaircraft computerised command system of the rocket battalion are presented in the paper.
6
PL
Na obecnym i przyszłym polu walki podstawową bronią jest i będzie informacja. Jest ona przetwarzana przez systemy C4ISR. W niniejszym artykule zaprezentowano obecne kierunki rozwoju armii państw rozwiniętych i rozwijających się. Zaprezentowano również kierunki rozwoju dla armii polskiej.
EN
On current and future battlefield the basic weapon is information. It is processed by C4ISR systems. The paper presents current directions of developed and developing country armies development. There is also presented directions for of development for Polish army.
7
EN
The new organisational structure enabling the co-operation with NATO commands is the effect of the Armed Forces restructuring, caused by the necessity to adapt to the Alliance actions. Also the procedures of land forces command, now being implementated, agree with procedures accepted by NATO [ATP-35(B)]. Computer tools that facilitated the work of staffs in the area of operation planning have become invalid due to the change of operation equipment, structures and procedures. A gap to support the process of command (planning in particular) is its consequence. In the time of universal computer use and actually the lack or technical limitations there is a great need for computer support in many processes - particularly in land forces, poorly equipped in automated command systems in comparison to the air force or the navy. Computers in a work place have become so common that not using them in planning which is an important stage of command process is a severe difficulty. They will be used, however, after developing the operation algorithms of selected applications.
PL
Artykuł przybliża problem wyboru właściwego odwzorowania kartograficznego dla zobrazowania sytuacji geograficzno-bojowej w zautomatyzowanym systemie dowodzenia MW. Przedstawia propozycję rozwiązania tegoż problemu przy zastosowaniu odwzorowania azymutalnego perspektywicznego z dodatnim punktem rzutowania.
EN
The paper deals with the choice of optimal cartographic mapping to display geographic-combat situation in the automated naval command system. It presents a proposal for solving the problem by means of azimuth-based perspective mapping with a positive projection point.
9
PL
W artykule przedstawiono rolę łączności satelitarnej w systemie dowodzenia okrętami na morzu. Omówiono zagadnienia unifikacji środków łączności stosowanych na jednostkach Marynarki Wojennej RP w aspekcie zapewnienia kompatybilności systemowej i urządzeniowej ze środkami łączności stosowanymi na okrętach NATO. Scharakteryzowano dwa systemy łączności satelitarnej stosowane na okrętach NATO-system INMARSAT i SATCOM.
EN
The paper presents the part of satellite communications in a command system - ships at sea. It discusses some issues of unification of communication means used the Polish Navy ships in the aspect of ensuring the system and equipment '1'Ipatibility with the communication means used in NATO ships - INMARSAT and -4TCOM
PL
Artykuł w skrótowej formie przedstawia niektóre problemy wyboru właściwego odwzorowania kartograficznego dla zobrazowania sytuacji bojowej w Zautomatyzowanym Systemie Dowodzenia. Przedstawia też zestawienie standardów cywilnych w odniesieniu do obowiązujących w NATO.
EN
This article in short form is treating about some problems of choice proper cartographic projection for depicting of battle situation in C3 systems. Introduces also composition of civilian standards with reference to obligatory in NATO
PL
W artykule zaprezentowano wpływ czynników na efektywność działania okrętów, podczas poszukiwania okrętu przeciwnika. Przeprowadzono jakościową ocenę przesyłania sygnałów pomiędzy elementami systemu dowodzenia. Przedstawiono w jaki sposób parametry czasowe wpływają na liczebność zespołu okrętów i wielkość obszaru poszukiwania.
EN
The paper presents the influence of some selected factors on mission of ships engaged in search for an enemy ship. Qualitative assessment transfer within elements of the command system was executed. The paper time parameters influence the numerical composition of a task group and o the search area.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono rolę łączności w systemie dowodzenia okrętami. Omówiono wpływ łączności na efektywność dowodzenia okrętami podczas pojedynczego wykonywania zadania na morzu. Określono ilościowe wskaźniki efektywności dowodzenia i efektywności i łączności.
EN
The paper presents the role of communications in the command system of ships. It also discusses the influence of communications on the effectiveness of commanding ships during the conduct of a single mission at sea. In the paper quantitative indexes of command effectiveness and communication effectiveness were determined.
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