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Microplastics in coastal sediments of Ełckie Lake (Poland)

Rogowska Weronika, Skorbiłowicz Elżbieta, Skorbiłowicz Mirosław, Trybułowski Łukasz

Studia Quaternaria

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2021

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Vol. 38, Nr 2

109--116

EN

Plastics are materials with many properties that make them extremely popular in everyday life and various industries. Studies show that plastic debris is global pollution and widespread in virtually all ecosystems. This study aimed to assess the coastal sediments of Ełckie Lake in terms of the presence of microplastics. Samples of sediments (n = 37) from the coastal zone of Ełckie Lake were drawn from different areas, including urban, rural, and tourist locations, and beaches. After the coastal sediment samples taking, they were subjected to density separation, filtration, and visual evaluation using the Olympus BX63 fluorescent microscope. Particles were classified according to the category of visible characteristics of microplastics including size, shape and colour. The results of the study showed the presence of microplastics in 84% of the examined coastal sediment samples of Ełckie Lake. Fibres, flakes, granules, and foils (films) had found in 58%, 45%, 32%, and 13% of the samples that contained microplastic, respectively. The majority of the detected microplastic was 0.5–1 mm in size and black was the dominant colour. Spatial variability was perceived in microplastic concentrations, giving premises to the assumption of dependence between local human activity and the content of particles.

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Microbial enzymatic activity and its relation to organic matter abundance on sheltered and exposed beaches on the Polish coast

Astel A. M., Bigus K., Stec M.

Oceanologia

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2018

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No. 60 (3)

312--330

EN

The activity of lipase, aminopeptidase, α-glucosidase, β-glucosidase was correlated and assessed according to an abundance of organic matter and total forms of nutrients in beach sediments characterized by different strength of anthropopressure and degree of sheltering. 76% of the data variance was explained by six factors identified by the use of principal component analysis: (1) anthropogenic rich in N, (2) microbial enzymatic activity, (3) labile organic matter, (4) bacterial growth, (5) anthropogenic rich in P and (6) hydrolytic. Differences in secondary bacterial production according to the distance from the water line, vertical cores and seasonality are limited by the accessibility of biochemical compounds (lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, total organic carbon), total phosphorus and nitrogen. Sediments collected in exposed beaches were not as rich in organic matter as these collected in sheltered ones due to the impact of sea waves of higher energy and backward current facilitating cleaning. The highest microbial enzymatic activity was observed in the beach infilled prior to the tourist season with well-aerated sand mined from the main harbor canal. Microorganisms induce α-glucosidase synthesis to decompose hardly assimilable COM during deficit of easily assimilable PRT and CHO. The lack of easily assimilable matter activates stronger hydrolytic activity in lower layers of core sediments.

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Dinoflagellate cyst distribution in recent sediments along the south-east coast of India

Narale D. D., Patil J. S., Anil A. C.

Oceanologia

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2013

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No. 55 (4)

979--1003

EN

The spatial variation in the dinoflagellate cyst assemblage from the south-east coast of India is presented along with a comparison of the cyst abundance from other regions of the world. Samples from 8 stations revealed the presence of 24 species from the genera Protoperidinium, Zygabikodinium, Gonyaulax, Lingulodinium and Gyrodinium. Cyst abundance was comparatively high at northern stations and was well correlated with the fine-grained (silt-clay dominated) sediments. In contrast, low cyst abundance was recorded in sandy sediments at southern stations. Fourteen cyst-forming dinoflagellate species previously unrecorded in planktonic samples were detected in the sediments. The cyst abundance recorded here is low (29-331 cysts g-1 dry sediment) as compared to sub-tropical and temperate regions, but it is on a par with tropical regions, including the west coast of India. Comparison of the cyst assemblage along the Indian coast revealed a smaller number of potentially harmful and red-tide-forming dinoflagellate species on the south-east coast (6 species) than on the west coast (10 species). Furthermore, calcareous cysts of the genus Scrippsiella reported from the west coast were not observed in this study although their planktonic cells have been reported.

4

Natural radioactivity of coastal sediments as tracer in dynamic sedimentology

Thereska J.

Nukleonika

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2009

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Vol. 54, No. 1

45-50

EN

Natural radioactivity of coastal sediments could provide interesting information on sediment dynamics. Natural radioactivity measurements were performed in two areas of the Adriatic Sea littoral of Albanian cost, in the gulfs of Durres and Vlora, where complex studies were carried out in the framework of the maintenance of existing Durres harbour and the design of a new harbour in Vlora. Dynamic mapping of the gamma total radioactivity at the sea bottom sediment was carried out using a 2" × 2" NaI probe. Radiometric data were converted to lithological map, and the sand and silt distribution configuration was interpreted in terms of sediment transport. The obtained results have shown that the natural radioactivity of sediments provides qualitative data about the sediment dynamics. This cost-effective method is recommended to be used as complementary to other tracer techniques for sediment transport in coastal engineering investigations.