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Microbial and chemical quality assessment of the small rivers entering the South Baltic. Part II : Case study on the watercourses in the Puck Bay catchment area

Bączkowska Emilia, Kalinowska Agnieszka, Ronda Oskar, Bray Rafał, Płóciennik Bartosz, Polkowska Żaneta

Archives of Environmental Protection

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2022

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Vol. 48, no. 1

58--74

EN

Due to its location, Puck Bay is an area particularly vulnerable to pollution of anthropogenic origin. The aim of the study was to assess the water quality of small watercourses entering the inner part of Puck Bay. The paper presents the results of chemical and microbiological analyses of 10 rivers and canals at their estuaries located on the western shore of the internal Puck Bay. The following environmental parameters were analyzed: conductivity, pH, dissolved oxygen concentration (in situ measurements), COD (cuvette tests), concentrations of ions (ion chromatography). Microbiological analysis included assessment of sanitary condition based on the number of fecal coliforms by a cultivation method. The determination of basic microbiological parameters such as: prokaryotic cell abundance expressed as total cells number (TCN), prokaryotic cell biovolume expressed as average cell volume (ACV), the prokaryotic biomass (PB) and prokaryotic cell morphotype diversity were determined using epifluorescence microscopy method. Based on the obtained results, it was found that small watercourses may carry a notable load of anthropogenic pollution and thus affect the environment of Puck Bay. The results clearly indicate the need for quality monitoring in the rivers and canals in the Coastal Landscape Park, flowing into Puck Bay. The research showed that also smaller watercourses may have an impact on the coastal waters’ state, and thus on the Baltic Sea water quality.

PL

Zatoka Pucka, ze względu na swoje położenie, jest obszarem szczególnie narażonym na zanieczyszczenia pochodzenia antropogenicznego. Celem pracy była ocena jakości wód małych cieków wodnych uchodzących do wewnętrznej części Zatoki Puckiej. W pracy przedstawiono wyniki analiz chemicznych i mikrobiologicznych 10 rzek i kanałów w ujściach zlokalizowanych na zachodnim brzegu wewnętrznej Zatoki Puckiej. Analizie poddano następujące parametry środowiskowe: przewodność, pH, stężenie tlenu rozpuszczonego (pomiary in situ), ChZT (testy kuwetowe), stężenie jonów (chromatografia jonowa). Analiza mikrobiologiczna obejmowała ocenę stanu sanitarnego na podstawie liczby bakterii grupy coli typu kałowego metodą hodowlaną. Oznaczenia parametrów mikrobiologicznych takich jak: liczebność komórek prokariotycznych, średnia objętość komórek, biomasa oraz zróżnicowanie morfotypowe komórek prokariotycznych określono metodą mikroskopii epifluorescencyjnej. Na podstawie uzyskanych wyników stwierdzono, że małe cieki mogą przenosić znaczny ładunek zanieczyszczeń antropogenicznych i tym samym wpływać na środowisko Zatoki Puckiej. Uzyskane wyniki jednoznacznie wskazują na potrzebę prowadzenia monitoringu jakości rzek i kanałów w Nadmorskim Parku Krajobrazowym uchodzących do Zatoki Puckiej. Z badań wynika, że również mniejsze cieki mogą mieć wpływ na stan wód przybrzeżnych, a tym samym na jakość wód Morza Bałtyckiego.

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Microbial and chemical quality assessment of the small rivers entering the South Baltic. Part 1, Case study on the watercourses in the Baltic Sea catchment area

Bączkowska Emilia, Kalinowska Agnieszka, Ronda Oskar, Jankowska Katarzyna, Bray Rafał, Płóciennik Bartosz, Polkowska Żaneta

Archives of Environmental Protection

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2021

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Vol. 47, no. 4

55--73

EN

The area of the Coastal Landscape Park (CLP) due to its location is extremely attractive touristic area. In the summer season, a significant increase in population density is observed, which influences surface water quality. Large numbers of tourists generate an increased amount of municipal wastewater, being treated in local treatment plants and discharged into rivers and streams. The paper presents preliminary research from summer 2016 on three watercourses ending in the Baltic Sea: Piaśnica, Karwianka and Czarna Wda rivers. It is a part of a long-term project conducted in CLP to assess surface waters quality. The scope of research included measurements of in situ parameters (temperature, conductivity, pH, dissolved oxygen). Chemical Oxygen Demand was determined using a spectrophotometer. Ion chromatography was used to determine ions concentrations (including biogenic compounds). Sanitary state of watercourses was assessed based on fecal coliforms abundance, which number was determined by the cultivation method. The determination of microbiological parameters such as: prokaryotic cell abundance expressed as total cells number (TCN), prokaryotic cell biovolume expressed as average cell volume (ACV), the prokaryotic biomass (PB) and prokaryotic cell morphotype diversity was determined using epifluorescence microscopy method. Results showed that water quality of Piaśnica and Czarna Wda rivers were affected by discharged treated wastewater. In the case of Karwianka River, the main pollution source could be surface runoff from fields and unregulated sewage management in this area. The conducted research confirmed the urgent need for better protection of this area to conserve both its ecosystem and value for tourism.

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Sezonowa zmienność transportu azotanów w rzekach Przymorza

Bogdanowicz R.

Przegląd Geofizyczny

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2005

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Z. 3-4

249-263

EN

In the paper seasonal patterns of nitrate nitrogen loads were analysed for the selected Polish coastal rivers in the period often hydrologic years 1989-1998. Records of nutrient concentrations and water discharges acquired from the Institute of Meteorology and Water Management (IMGW) and the State Inspectorate of Environment Protection (PIOS) were used in the research. The analysis proved that changes in river transport of nitrate nitrogen showed well-expressed seasonal patterns that corresponded with hydrological regimes of the rivers. Nitrogen loads were the highest in winter half-year (November-April), especially during snow-melting period in March. The lowest loads occurred in summer months, mostly in July and August, when river flows and nitrates concentrations were the lowest. During winter half-year on average about 70% of the total annual load of nitrate nitrogen was transported by the Polish coastal rivers.