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1

Leveraging network using controlled weight learning approach for thyroid cancer lymph node detection

Kavitha Muthu Subash, Yudistira Novanto, Ahn Byeong-Cheol, Kurita Takio

Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering

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2021

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Vol. 41, no. 4

1589--1600

EN

Identification of cervical metastatic lymph nodes (LN) on I-131 post-ablation whole-body planar scans (WBS) for cancer staging is crucial for patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). The existing deep network is plagued by instability in finding the under-represented LN classes on highly complex WBS, where end-to-end tuned models that can account for this uncertainty region for multi-class locations are needed. Hence, as a key contribution of this study, we designed a novel leveraging segmentation network with input guidance (LSIG) end-to-end training model without pre and post-processing features that can learn ideal parameter settings depending on the quantity of multiple-object instances. To improve the co-occurrence of classes and control the false positive regions, we proposed a re-weighting negative control (RNC) mechanism that combines two key components, namely the re-weighting (Rw) term and the negative control function (NcF). This unified approximation of weighted training would leverage the network to control and learn the desired weights of true positives towards the LN region. As an end-to-end network training, we utilize a Unet-like convolution neural network (CNN) model. The performance of the LSIG is compared with the CNN-based networks, based on the ground truth (GT) mask developed using post-ablation single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT/CT). Furthermore, the effectiveness of the two components used in the LSIG framework is evaluated on WBS datasets. Our proposed LSIG with a fully guided (Fg) LS-FgCNN model yielded a superior performance with high AUC value of 94.9%, which is 14.6% higher than the previous network for PTC.

2

Plant-Mediated Interaction : A First Record of Thrips Feeding on Hartigiola annulipes (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) Galls

Pilichowski Sebastian, Ulitzka Manfred R., Jagiełło Radosław, Giertych Marian J.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2019

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Vol. 67, nr 2

168--173

EN

Galls formed by insects can act as sinks for nutrients and attract other herbivores to feed on gall tissues, which initiates interspecific competition, sometimes nurturing the herbivorous insects and restraining the gall-inducing insect, particularly when this competition is plant-mediated. Here, to our knowledge, we provide the first evidence of a close relationship between a gall insect, Hartigiola annulipes (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), and a sap-sucking, Liothrips setinodis (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae). The thrips were observed feeding on young H. annulipes galls, formed on the common beech (Fagus sylvatica) leaves during spring. Among randomly chosen beech trees, 100 current-year shoots were surveyed to determine the number of H. annulipes galls and the presence of thrips on the leaves. Our results show that L. setinodis specimens were found significantly more frequently on leaves infested by the galler than on uninfested leaves. The consequences of feeding thrips at the site of gall formation are not known yet, but it can be supposed that they are unfavourable to the gall insects and therefore could be beneficial for the host plant.

3

Cloud manufacturing: a service-oriented manufacturing paradigm. A review paper

Siderska J., Jadaan K. S.

Engineering Management in Production and Services

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2018

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Vol. 10, no. 1

22--31

EN

This paper introduces cloud manufacturing (CMfg) as a new manufacturing paradigm that joins the emerging technologies – such as the Internet of Things, cloud computing, and service-oriented technologies – for solving complex problems in manufacturing applications and performing large-scale collaborative manufacturing. Using scientific publications indexed in Scopus database during the period 2012–2017, the concept and fundamentals of CMfg are presented and discussed given the results of the most recent research. While focusing on the current state of the art, the recent research trends within CMfg concept were also identified. The review involved the methods of bibliometric analysis and network analysis. A prototype of CMfg and the existing related work conducted by various researchers are presented, and the map of co-occurrence is introduced to indicate the most commonly occurring issues related to the “cloud manufacturing” term. The VOSviewer software was used for this purpose. Finally, cloud-based manufacturing areas for further research are identified.

4

Wpływ zróżnicowanej temperatury na aktywność biologiczną nicienie owadobójczych Steinernema feltiae i Heterorhabditis megidis współwystępujących w podłożu

Dzięgielewska M., Kiepas-Kokot A.

Proceedings of ECOpole

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2009

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Vol. 3, No. 2

451--455

PL

Temperatura jest jednym z najważniejszych czynników wpływających na ruchliwość nicieni owadobójczych (Steinernematidae, Heterorhabditidae) w glebie, na ich rozwój i zdolności reprodukcyjne. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych badań stwierdzono, że aktywność biologiczna nicieni Steinernema feltiae i Heterorhabditis megidis współwystępujących ze sobą w podłożu zmienia się w czasie w zależności od zastosowanej temperatury. W wyższych temperaturach - 20 i 25°C - testowane owady Galleria mellonella były częściej porażane przez S. feltiae niż przez ciepłolubne nicienie H. megidis, odpowiednio od 66 do 90%. Niższe temperatury (15°C) spowalniały, a nawet hamowały, jak w przypadku H. megidis, aktywność i rozwój obu gatunków nicieni. Wydaje się, że patogenność nicieni współwystępujących ze sobą w glebie może być również uzależniona od strategii żerowania poszczególnych gatunków pasożytów.

EN

Temperature is one of the most important factors influences nematode mobility, development and reproduction. On the basis of research it was found that the biological activity of co-occurrence nematodes Steinernema feltiae and Heterorhabditis megidis in the substratum was dependent on temperature and the time of conducted observations. In the higher temperature - 20 i 25°C - the baiting insects Galleria were most infected by S. feltiae than thermophilous H. megidis, respectively from 66 to 99%. The biological activity of both species was delimited at the lower temperature (15°C). It seem that pathogenicity of entomopathogenic nematodes co-occurrence in the soil can depend on foraging strategy each of parasitic species.

5

Influence of Selected Soil Saprophytic Fungi on the Population of Nematodes Heterodera schachtii Schmidt

Kaup G., Dzięgielewska M.

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. A

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2009

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Vol. 16, nr 7

797-801

EN

Pot experiments were carried out in 2005-2006. In the first year of the experiment microorganisms were introduced into soil. In the following year the innoculum was not repeated. The goal of the present work was to determine the influence of saprophytic fungi of Aspergillus versicolor and Trichocladium asperum on the population of Heterodera schachtii in the second year of the research. The following parameters were taken into account in the interpretation of the experiment: the concentration of H. schachtii cysts in 100 g of soil, the concentration of eggs and larvae in l g of soil and the fertility of females. The research was carried out in accordance with the rules adopted in nematology. At the co-occurrence of H. schachtii and saprophytic fungi of Aspergillus versicolor and Trichocladium asperum, in comparison with the test combination (H. schachtii without microorganisms), a smaller number of cysts in 100 g of soil, considerably higher fertility of females (the number of eggs and larvae in a cyst) and significantly higher concentration of eggs and larvae in soil were noted.

PL

W latach 2005-2006 przeprowadzono badania wazonowe. W pierwszym roku doświadczenia wprowadzono do podłoża badane mikroorganizmy, w roku kolejnym nie ponawiano inokulum. Celem pracy było określenie wpływu grzybów saprofitycznych Aspergillus versicolor oraz Trichocladium asperum na populację Heterodera schachtii w drugim roku badań. W interpretacji doświadczenia uwzględniono następujące parametry: zagęszczenie cyst H. schachtii w glebie, zagęszczenie jaj i larw w l g gleby oraz płodność samic. Przy współwystępowaniu H. schachtii z grzybami saprofitycznymi Aspergillus versicolor oraz Trichocladium asperum w porównaniu do kombinacji kontrolnej (H. schachtii bez mikroorganizmów) znaleziono mniejszą liczbę cyst w 100 g gleby, znacznie większą płodność samic (liczba jaj i larw w cyście) oraz większe zagęszczenie jaj i larw w glebie.