Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Development and chronology of the Late Jurassic shallow-water carbonate deposits of the Holy Cross Mountains area, central Poland

Wierzbowski Andrzej

Volumina Jurassica

|

2023

|

Vol. 21

39--82

EN

The Late Jurassic shallow-water carbonates with intervening clayey-marly deeper-water deposits in the Holy Cross Mts. area formed over large bank of the elevated part of the Northern Tethyan Shelf during about 12 myr. They comprise three main successions (I, II and III) deposited partly in different environmental conditions, controlled by tectonic and climatic factors, and still preserved in the north-eastern margin, the north-western margin and the south-western margin of the Holy Cross Mountains. The history of sedimentation is presented according to the concept of the large tectono-stratigraphic units COK, LUK and KVB, which owe their origin to variable rates of tectonic subsidence, as introduced by Kutek (1994) for the area of central Poland. The studied deposits of the COK megasequence cor- responding to the Upper Oxfordian and the Lower Kimmeridgian up to the Hypselocyclum Zone consist of coral limestones, various grained (including oolitic) limestones, and micritic limestones formed over the gradually enlarging shallow-water carbonate platform of the Holy Cross Mts. This platform was subsequently subdivided into two elevated areas, separated by a depressed zone in the middle, bounded by the Nowe Miasto–Iłża–Bałtów Fault Zone in the north-east and the Holy Cross Fault System in the south. The younger mega- sequence LUK with it strongly transgressive character marks the successive stages of the marine transgression which entered the central, lowered part of the area of the Holy Cross Mts. from the west, where it appeared already in the early Hypselocyclum Chron. It succes- sively spread across the Holy Cross Mts. area towards the north-east and south bringing everywhere the deposition of various oyster lu- machelles and marls with ammonites at the end of the Hypselocyclum Chron and during the Divisum Chron of the Early Kimmeridgian to the Acanthicum/Mutabilis Chron of the earliest Late Kimmeridgian. The following megasequence KVB is represented by the detrital lu- machelles and chalky limestones with nereineids of the Eudoxus Chron of the Late Kimmeridgian marking the development of still younger shallow-water carbonate platform in the uplifted areas in the north-eastern and possibly the south-western margins of the moun- tains, allegedly subdivided by a deeper area of sedimentation of marly deposits. The youngest Late Jurassic deposits of the Holy Cross Mts., are very fragmentarily preserved, mostly because of Early Cretaceous uplift and erosion. They suggest an initial episode of complete drowning of the carbonate platform which became covered by marly deposits during the Early Tithonian, and the subsequent restoration of shallow-water carbonate sedimentation at the end of the Early Tithonian.

2

The Kimmeridgian of the south-western margin of the Holy Cross Mts., central Poland: stratigraphy and facies development. Part I. From deep-neritic sponge megafacies to shallow water carbonates

Wierzbowski Andrzej

Volumina Jurassica

|

2020

|

Vol. 18, no. 2

161-234

EN

The stratigraphical interval of the Kimmeridgian between the Bimammatum and the Hypselocylum zones in the SW margin of the Holy Cross Mts. shows a transition from the open shelf deep-neritic sponge megafacies to the shallow-water carbonate platform, including its development and decline. The uniform progradation of the shallow-water carbonate platform occurred at the end of the Planula Chron. Development of the shallow-water carbonate platform was controlled by climatic and tectonic factors. The former induced by orbital cyclicity resulted in changes of sea-level, revealed i.a. by the incoming of open-marine ammonite faunas, the latter were related to the synsedimentary activity of faults which resulted in contrasted facies changes. The episodically occurring strong influx of siliciclastic material was at least partly controlled by the tectonic activity. The newly elaborated formal lithostratigraphic subdivision takes into account the facies development of the succession in relation to climatically and tectonically induced changes. Such is e.g. the Małogoszcz Oolite Formation, corresponding to a single 100-kyr eccentricity cycle from the late Platynota Chron to the earliest Hypselocyclum Chron, bordered from the base and top by two transgressive climatically-controlled levels. The final stage of the shallow-water platform development at the end of the Hypselocyclum Chron was marked by the successive limitation of restricted environments, and the appearance of more open-marine conditions related to tectonic subsidence of the area of study. Comparison between the carbonate platform development of the Holy Cross Mts. in central Poland, and the coeval shallow-water carbonates of the Jura Mts. in northern Switzerland and south-eastern France provides an opportunity to consider similarities in the successions which can be attributed to the climatically-controlled sedimentary cyclicity and/or the wide-ranged tectonic phenomena. The palaeontological part of the study gives comments on the classification and phylogeny of ammonites of the families Ataxioceratidae and Aulacostephanidae.

3

Wykorzystanie systemów automatyki do obserwacji zmian środowiska wodnego i parametrów klimatycznych w rejonie KWB Bełchatów

Stobiecki Zbigniew

Przegląd Górniczy

|

2020

|

T. 76, nr 7

26--33

PL

W artykule przedstawiono praktyczne aspekty wykorzystania nowoczesnych systemów automatyki wdrożonych w Kopalni Bełchatów do kontroli zmian warunków hydrograficznych, hydrogeologicznych i czynników atmosferycznych w otoczeniu wyrobisk eksploatacyjnych. Omówiony został system nadzoru nad parametrami studni odwadniających i piezometrów, monitoring zrzutu wód do sieci hydrograficznej, a także pokazano w jaki obecnie sposób prowadzone są obserwacje w stacji meteorologicznej Chabielice. Dzięki wdrożeniu automatyki do monitoringu środowiska naturalnego pozyskiwane są obecnie ogromne ilości interesujących danych, które po odczytaniu są archiwizowane, a następnie poddawane obróbce w specjalistycznych programach, pozwalających na dokładniejszą ocenę i obserwację zjawisk zachodzących w środowisku naturalnym, a także ich zrozumienie. Wdrożenie do praktycznego użytkowania opisanych w artykule systemów poprawiło pracę kopalni Bełchatów poprzez podniesienie efektywności i sprawności użytkowanych dotychczas systemów nadzoru nad środowiskiem. Przełożyło się to z kolei na optymalizację procesu monitoringu środowiska, co w konsekwencji spowodowało zmniejszenie ilości zużytej energii elektrycznej w procesie odwadniania wyrobisk, a także zmniejszenie kosztów osobowo-sprzętowych związanych z obsługą starszego typu urządzeń.

EN

The article presents the practical aspects of using modern automation systems implemented in the Belchatow Mine to control changes in hydrographic, hydrogeological and atmospheric conditions in the vicinity of mining excavations. The system of supervision over the parameters of drainage wells and piezometers was discussed, as well as the monitoring of water discharge into the hydrographic network, and the current observations at the Chabielice meteorological station were shown. Thanks to the implementation of automation for environmental monitoring, huge amounts of interesting data are now obtained, which, after reading, are archived and then processed in specialized programs, allowing for a more accurate assessment and observation of phenomena occurring in the natural environment, as well as their understanding. The implementation for practical use of the systems described in the article improved the work of the Bełchatów mine by increasing the effectiveness and efficiency of the environmental supervision systems used so far. This, in turn, translated into the optimization of the environmental monitoring process, which in turn resulted in a reduction in the amount of electricity used in the process of drainage of excavations, as well as a reduction in personnel and equipment costs related to the operation of older types of devices.

4

Morphological features of river channels and floodplains in the Far East of Russia under various natural conditions

Chernov A. V.

Geography and Tourism

|

2018

|

Vol. 6, No. 1

55--59

EN

Geographical analysis of river channel processes in rivers located along the meridional transect, running from the Arctic Ocean coast to Tibet and the East China Sea, confirmed that fluvial processes dominate in the formation of morphology and dynamics of river channels and floodplains in all natural zones and under different conditions of channel deformation development. However, even a small disturbance in “climate” conditions by other exogenous geomorphological processes changes the morphology and dynamics of channels and floodplains as well as the dynamics of fluvial processes. The effect of zonal factors depends on the size of a given river and is more pronounced in medium and small rivers than the large ones. Furthermore, the effect of zonal factors on the processes of river channels and floodplains depends on specific environmental conditions of the climate zones: the more extreme the manifestation of certain climatic phenomena, the more pronounced they are in the morphology and dynamics of river channels and floodplains.

5

The influence of natural climatic factors on the geomechanical properties of siliceous limestones from Kazimierz Dolny (Poland)

Pinińska J., Bobrowska A., Łukasiak D.

Studia Quaternaria

|

2016

|

Vol. 33, Nr 2

103--110

EN

Based on the example opoka, stone architecture of Kazimierz Dolny, modern research methods were applied to an analysis of geomechanical qualities of this special rock, selected very efficiently by medieval, local builders. Owing to theirs skill and the qualities of the chosen material, fortifications, religious and residential buildings have been preserved in good condition to the present day. It was analysed what factors of the opoka aging are the most responsible for their destruction resistance in the long time scale. The results of studies indicate that opokas have an increased ability to reduce the uniaxial compression strength due to the impact of cycling freezing and thermal shock. This observation shows that opokas are characterized by a high resistance to humidity.

6

Foliar responses of Abie fargesii Franch. To altitude in the Taibai Mts, China

Xu P., Zhang X., Zhao C., Chen L., Gao X., Yao B., Deng J., Deng Y.

Polish Journal of Ecology

|

2014

|

Vol. 62, nr 3

479--492

EN

Physiological and ecological adaptations of altitudinal gradients reveal alpine plants’ ecological and evolutionary responses to environmental changes. Here we quantitatively investigated the variation in the foliar physiological and morphological traits of alpine tree species (Abies fargesii) along the altitudinal gradient in the Taibai Mountains, China. We collected the needle samples of Taibai fir (A. fargesii) from seven sites at altitudes of 2550, 2650, 2750, 2850, 2950, 3050 and 3150 m, respectively, and measured the 12 foliar physiological and morphological traits. Each set of needle sample (100 needles) was randomly selected from the upper- third of A. fargesii canopies. The results showed that leaf mass per unit area (LMA), stable carbon isotope composition (δ13C), stomatal rows (SR), leaf carbon concentration per unit area (Carea), leaf nitrogen concentration per unit leaf mass (Nmass) and area (Narea) linearly increase significantly while stomatal density (SD), number of stomata per unit nitrogen concentration (St/N) and per unit leaf mass (St/LM) decrease with the altitudes raise. Moreover, all measured traits presented both strong correlations and significantly linear relationships with the main climate factors such as the mean temperature, rainfall and relative humidity during the growing season as well as the altitudes, except for leaf free water concentration (LWC), leaf carbon concentration per unit leaf mass (Cmass) and C: N ratio. The patterns of foliar traits in response to altitudes imply that the alpine plants need higher cost (e.g. higher nutrient concentration) to adapt to the harsher environments along altitudinal gradient. Moreover, our results show that the variation patterns of the leaf traits for A. fargesii plants should be driven by the interactions of multi-climate factors because the abiotic factors that directly influence the growth of plants covary with the increasing altitudes.

7

Architektura podhalańska w kontekście architektury pasywnej

Owczarek P.

Ciepłownictwo, Ogrzewnictwo, Wentylacja

|

2014

|

T. 45, nr 1

15--18

PL

Artykuł opisuje wpływ czynników klimatycznych i kulturowych na kształt i formę architektoniczną budynków mieszkalnych powstałych na obszarze Podhala w XVIII i XIX wieku. Górskie tereny stawiają bardzo wysokie wymagania dla powstającej i rozwijającej się architektury. Treść artykułu przybliży powstały w wyniku wieloletniej ewolucji model domów podhalańskich. Typ chaty podhalańskiej stał się niemal „prefabrykatem", miał zwartą bryłę, starannie dobrane proporcje, bezbłędną funkcjonalnie i logicznie formę oraz dobrą gospodarkę cieplną. Dzięki swojej konstrukcji, obiekt mógł być także w znacznym stopniu rozbudowywany i zmieniany. Gruntowna analiza budynków mieszkalnych z obszarów Podhala pozwoli stwierdzić - czy w domu podhalańskim istniały rozwiązania architektury pasywnej i energooszczędnej?

EN

The article describes the influence of climatic and cultural factors on architectural form of residential buildings built in XVIII and XIX century on Podhale area. Mountain ranges give very strict requirements for the emerging and evolving architecture. The text refers to a model of podhalanski houses, that came into being within years of evolution. Type of podhalanski house has become a "pre-fabricated product" with perfectly functional and rational form, condensed shape, carefully designated proportions and lucrative heating system. Due to its construction, it could have been readapted and transformed. The thoroughgoing study of these houses can help to find out - were there any passive or energy-efficient solutions in podhalanski houses?

8

Opredelenie parametrom bioklimata territorii zastrojki pri resenii zadac bioklimaticeskoj architektury gorodov

Krivenko O.

Budownictwo o Zoptymalizowanym Potencjale Energetycznym

|

2014

|

nr 2(14)

23--28

RU

V stat’e rassmatrivautsa voprosy opredelenia parametrom bioklimaticeskoj ocenki territorii zastrojki, s ucetom osnovnych prirodnych faktorom, kotorye formiruut bioklimat mestnosti (atmosfera, litosfera, gidrosfera, biosfera), a także lianie na nich faktorom, voznikauscich v processe zastrojki territorii. Takoj podchod daet vozmoznost’ rassirit’ vozmoznosti uceta klimaticeskich faktorom dla resenia voprosov optimizacii ekologiceskich i energeticeskich voprosov stroitel’stva.

EN

The article deals with the determination of the parameters of bioclimatic building site assessment, taking into account the main environmental factors that shape the bioclimate areas (atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere) and the influence of factors on them, resulting in the development of the territory. This approach makes it possible to extend the capabilities of climatic factors accounting for addressing optimization of environmental and energy problems of construction.

9

Ocena własności dekoracyjnych powłok poliuretanowych starzonych w naturalnych warunkach klimatycznych

Kotnarowska D., Przerwa M.

TTS Technika Transportu Szynowego

|

2012

|

R. 19, nr 9

299--304, CD

PL

W artykule przedstawiono destrukcyjny wpływ czynników klimatycznych na stan warstw powierzchniowych powłok poliuretanowych. Stwierdzono wzrost chropowatości powierzchni powłok, przyczyniający się do utraty ich połysku. Zmiany starzeniowe w strukturze powłok przyczyniły się również do zwiększenia twardości oraz grubości powłok. Destrukcyjny wpływ czynników klimatycznych, na warstwy powierzchniowe powłok poliuretanowych potwierdziły również badania mikroskopowe.

EN

The paper presents influence of climatic factors on the surface state of polyurethane coatings. It was stated a degradation of the coating surfaces consisting in increase of surface roughness and gloss loss. The ageing changes in the structure of the coatings contributed also to hardness and thickness increase. Also microscopic examination confirmed destructive effect of climatic factors on the surface layers of polyurethane coatings.

10

Wpływ czynników klimatycznych na stan powierzchni powłok poliuretanowych i epoksydowych

Przerwa M.

Logistyka

|

2010

|

nr 6

PL

W artykule przedstawiono wpływ czynników klimatycznych na stan powierzchni powłok poliuretanowych i epoksydowych. Stwierdzono destrukcję powierzchni powłok, objawiającą się: wzrostem chropowatości powierzchni, utratą połysku, a także obniżeniem ich twardości oraz grubości.

EN

The paper presents influence of climatic factors on the surface state of epoxy and polyurethane coatings. It was stated degradation of the coating surfaces consisted in increase of surface roughness, loss gloss, and also decrease of the hardness and thickness.

11

Changes of flowering phenology of six herbal species in a beech forest (Central Slovakia): a decade analysis

Schieber Branislav

Polish Journal of Ecology

|

2007

|

Vol. 55, nr 2

233-244

EN

The variability in flowering phenology of six forest herbaceous species: Pulmonaria officinalis L. (early spring species), Dentaria bulbifera L. (mid spring), Galium odoratum Scop, (late spring), Veronica officinalis L. (early summer), Mycelis muralis (L.) Dumort. (mid summer) and Campanula trachelium L. (mid/late summer) was analysed over the period of the past ten years (1995-2004). Observations were done in a beech forest at the Ecological Experimental Stationary in Kremnicke vrchy Mts (Central Slovakia, 48[degree] 38'N, 19[degree] 04'E, 450-520 m a.s.l.)- Two phenological events - the first flowering and full flowering as well as the duration of interphase interval were analysed. The timing of observed phenological events was related to selected climatic factors (temperature and precipitation). The highest variation in the first flowering date was observed in early spring species- standard deviation (SD) was equal to 7.2 days. As for full flowering date, the highest value of standard deviation was detected in late summer species (SD = 8.5 days). In respect to the duration of inter-phase interval (in days), the highest relative vari.ability (c[v] > 53%) was ascertained in early spring species. The significant correlations (P <0.001) were detected between dating of full flowering and cumulative temperatures in all phenological types (excepting early spring); the coefficients of correlation (r) moved from - 0.85 (early summer and mid summer species) to - 0.91 (mid spring species). Significant correlations were revealed between precipitation and timing of flowering only for mid summer (r = +0.70) and late summer species (r = +0.75), respectively. Despite of the fact, that no significant trends were detected in timing of flowering in the species, the effect of the global warming is evident. The values of the possitive deviations of the mean air temperatures averaged for the period of the last decade were increased in comparison to the long-term mean. Onsetof flowering has been shifted earlier a few days in majority of the spe.cies during the past decade. Decade tendency showed a slight increasing of values of cumulative temperatures during the periods crucial for the development of the phenophases.

12

Wpływ warunków klimatycznych na wybrane właściwości użytkowe tektury falistej

Modzelewska I.

Przemysł Chemiczny

|

2006

|

T. 85, nr 8-9

1288-1292

PL

Tektura falista jest to materiał opakowaniowy składający się z ułożonych na przemian oraz sklejonych ze sobą płaskich i pofalowanych warstw papieru lub kartonu. W zależności od liczby warstw wyróżnia się tektury dwu-, trzy-, cztero-, pięcio- i siedmiowarstwowe. Tektura falista jest wytworem papierniczym bardzo chłonnym, wymagającym kontrolowania zarówno temperatury, jak i wilgotności powietrza, szczególnie podczas procesu jej wytwarzania, magazynowania i transportu. Wzrost wilgotności względnej powietrza powyżej 60% powoduje obniżenie parametrów wytrzymałościowych tektur falistych i wykonanych z niej pudeł. Spada odporność na przepuklenie, ECT, FCT i BCT. Tym samym zmniejszają się właściwości ochronne tektury falistej oraz jej amortyzacja.

EN

Box compression strength and bursting strength of paper intended for the flat and the fluted layers of corrugated board were found to be strongly related to pulp nature, pulp manufacture mode, and paper basis wt. At air humidity > 60%, any strength of corrugated board and box made of it diminished. The paper to be used for flat and fluted layers should contain min. recycled fibers and have a min. basis wt. Temp. and air humidity are crit. on making, storing and handling corrugated board.

13

Labour content of concreting in relation to climatic conditions

Makys P.

Prace Naukowe Instytutu Budownictwa Politechniki Wrocławskiej. Studia i Materiały

|

2006

|

Vol. 87, nr 18

63-68

EN

Processes significantly impacting construction duration include realisation of monolithic concrete structures. Such processes usually take place in the exterior, where they are unprotected from weather. The text considers modelling of climatic factors and their impact on the duration of concretins work in various seasons.