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Which of the five classical ballet positions is the most demanding for the dancer’s body? An electromyography-based study to determine muscular activity

Gorwa Joanna, Kabaciński Jarosław, Murawa Michał, Fryzowicz Anna

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

2020

Vol. 22, no. 4

3--14

The study aimed to determine which of the five classical ballet positions is the most demanding regarding muscular activity, values of external rotation in the hip joints, angular values of foot progression as well as the inclination (tilt) of the pelvis in the sagittal plane. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 14 female pre-professional ballet dancers (aged 11–16) participated. Participants were tasked with the sequential adoption of five classical ballet positions (CP1–CP5). The electromyographic activity of the muscles of the trunk and the lower limb was recorded with surface electrodes. Kinematic data including hip and knee external rotation, foot progression angle and pelvic tilt were collected using a motion capture system. Results: Symmetric positions CP1 and CP2 were not as demanding as asymmetric CP3–CP5. Higher values of hip and foot external rotation without greater muscular effort in CP2 than CP1 was noticed. Considering asymmetric positions, CP3 did not trigger a greater activity of hip or foot muscular groups than CP4 and CP5. CP4 was characterised by the greatest pelvic anterior tilt and the lowest activity of GM in the forward lower limb. In CP5, forward lower limb entailed a higher activity of muscles supporting the foot than in the remaining positions. Conclusion: In terms of biomechanics, the most demanding classical ballet position in pre-professional dancers is CP4, followed by CP5, CP3, CP1 and CP2. This finding can be applied in educational methodology of dancers, figure skaters, synchronized swimmers, acrobatic gymnasts, rhythmic gymnasts or cheerleaders.

Analiza kinematyki wybranych ruchów w tańcu klasycznym i współczesnym

Michnik R., Jurkojć J., Dworak L., Gorwa J.

Aktualne Problemy Biomechaniki

2009

z. 3

155--160

W ramach pracy przeprowadzono badania doświadczalne ruchów wykonywanych podczas ewolucji tanecznych przez tancerzy klasycznych oraz współczesnych. W trakcie badań rejestrowano przebiegi sił reakcji podłoża oraz wyznaczono kinematykę ruchów kończyny dolnej. Badania zrealizowano przy pomocy systemu do analizy ruchu APAS. Ruchy wykonywane przez tancerzy rejestrowane były przez zestaw czterech kamer cyfrowych firmy Basi er. Siły reakcji podłoża wyznaczono za pomocą platformy dynamometrycznej firmy Kistler.

Experimental research of movements during dance evolutions by classical and modem dancers were conducted in the frame of work. Courses of ground reaction forces and kinematics of lower limb movements were determined. Investigation were realised with the used of motion analysis system APAS. Movements of dancers were recorded by set of four digital Basler cameras. Measurements of ground reactions forces were determined by Kistler platform.