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Characterization of the Cr3C2–NiAl coatings on sintered duplex stainless steels

Lisiecka B., Dudek A.

Inżynieria Materiałowa

2018

Vol. 39, nr 3

100--104

The main method for production of structural materials from metallic powders with addition or without addition of non-metallic powders is powder metallurgy (PM). This method is based on forming and sintering processes. The PM method consists of a small number of process steps and insignificant energy consumption, which allows to production of complex shape components, with great precision in dimensions and surface quality. Taking into account the above advantages, interest in sintered duplex stainless steels (SDSSs) is growing, which are characterized by two-phase microstructure consisting of ferrite and austenite. Such combination of properties makes the SDSS a very attractive material for numerous applications. As is well known, the chromium carbide coatings improve functional properties (e.g. hardness and wear resistance). The main purpose of this study was to examine the effect of chromium carbide coating on the properties of SDSSs. The multiphase sinters were prepared from two types of water-atomized steel powders: 316L and 409L. The technique of atmospheric plasma spraying (APS) was used to deposit Cr3C2–NiAl powder on SDSS surface. Additionally, it was carried out alloying the surface of the SDSS by gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) process at current intensity 50 A. Light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM/EDS) were performed in order to determine the microstructure of SDSSs. The results of hardness and wear resistance measurements are also presented. The applied chromium carbide coatings cause hardening in SDSSs and modification of surface layer properties, such as coefficient of friction. Furthermore, the main assumption for this investigate was to analysis the microstructure and hardness of surface layer of SDSSs with different proportions of powders as a result the alloying process.

Powłoki z węglika chromu poprawiają właściwości funkcjonalne materiałów takie jak twardość i odporność na zużycie. Głównym celem pracy była analiza wpływu powłoki z węglika chromu oraz stopowanej warstwy wierzchniej na właściwości spiekanych stali nierdzewnych typu duplex (SDSSs). W celu wytworzenia powłoki z proszku Cr3C2–NiAl na powierzchni SDSS zastosowano natryskiwanie plazmowe w warunkach atmosferycznych (APS). Dodatkowo przeprowadzono stopowanie powierzchni SDSS łukową metodą spawalniczą GTAW przy natężeniu prądu o wartości 50 A. W celu określenia mikrostruktury SDSS wykonano badania za pomocą mikroskopii świetlnej i skaningowej mikroskopii elektronowej (SEM/EDS). Przeprowadzono analizę wyników pomiarów twardości i odporności na zużycie w powiązaniu z analizą mikrostruktury i warstwy powierzchniowej SDSS powstałej w wyniku procesu stopowania.

Chromium carbide coatings obtained by the hybrid PVD methods

Richert M., Mazurkiewicz A., Smolik J.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

2010

Vol. 43, nr 1

145-152

Purpose: With the use of the Arc-PVD and Arc-EB PVD hybrid method, the chromium carbide coatings were deposited on steel substrate. Two kinds of coatings were obtained. The nanostructure coatings were formed by deposition of chromium carbide films by Arc PVD evaporation technique. The multilayer coatings were produced by Arc-EB PVD hybrid technology. In the second case the amorphous phase in majority was found in samples, identified by X-ray investigations. Design/methodology/approach: The Arc PVD and combination Arc-EB PVD methods were used for carbide coatings deposition. The special hybrid multisource device, produced in the Institute for Sustainable Technologies – National Research Institute (ITeE –PIB) in Radom, was used for sample deposition. The microstructures of coatings were investigated by JEM 20101 ARP transmission electron microscopy (TEM), TESLA BS500 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Olympus GX50 optical microscopy (MO). The X-ray diffraction was utilized to identify phase configuration in coatings Findings: The microstructure of deposited coatings differs depending on the deposition method used. The Arc PVD deposition produced nanometric coatings with the Cr3C2, Cr23C6, Cr7C3 and CrC carbides built from nanometric in size clusters. In the case of the Arc-EB PVD hybrid technology in majority of cases the amorphous microstructure of coatings was found. The hybrid coatings consist of alternating layers of Ni/Cr-Cr3C2. Practical implications: The performed investigations provide information, which could be useful in the industrial practice for the production of wear resistant coatings on different equipments and tools. Originality/value: It was assumed that by using different kinds of PVD methods the different microstructures of coatings could be formed.