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Instrumental color measurement of meat and meat products in X-RiteColor® Master

Ferysiuk Karolina, Wójciak Karolina M., Kęska Paulina, Stasiak Dariusz M.

Applied Computer Science

2020

Vol. 16, no 3

69--79

The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of lyophilized plant extract on color of canned meat with reduced amount of sodium (III) nitrite measured by spectrophotometric methods. The results were collected through the X-RiteColor® Master software. The results of the experiment show that reduc-tion of nitrite salt is possible but additional fortification is required: the best results were obtained when the extract was added in the amount of 0.015%.

Experiments on long-term and short-term memory for pitch in musicians

Rakowski A., Rogowski P.

Archives of Acoustics

2007

Vol. 32, No. 4

815--826

A series of experiments on the memory for pitch was performed with 18 musicians. They had to pass a pitch-naming and a newly-designed pitch-producing test meant to check their passive and active absolute-pitch ability. On that ground two of them, who revealed faultless, full absolute pitch and one who had most typical relative (non-absolute) pitch, were selected to take part in a case-study-type experiment on short-term memory for pitch. The experiment partly confirmed the previous finding (RAKOWSKI, [5]) of the about 2-minute time range for short-term pitch memory in relative-pitch listeners. It also explained cases in which absolute pitch possessors, when required to repeat after short-term delay an external pitch standard, either use for that purpose their authentic short-term memory for pitch, or rather relay on comparisons with their absolute-pitch standards.

Absolute pitch: Common traits in music and language

Rakowski A., Miyazaki K.

Archives of Acoustics

2007

Vol. 32, No. 1

5-16

Absolute pitch in music means an ability of long-term auditory memory to store pitch standards corresponding to within-octave musical pitch classes, based on a generally recognized reference pitch. Such an ability, extremely rare among Western musicians, appears much more commonly among musicians of Asiatic countries. Hypothetically, it is due to either the special forms and early beginnings of musical education (Japan), or to a sort of "preconditioning" of the pitch-memory system in infants and very young children, to treat pitch value as a meaningful element of speech communication (countries with tone languages). Similarities and differences between absolute pitch in music and the memory for pitch value in tone languages will be discussed in detail.