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PL
Metoda wykrywania fosforoorganicznych bojowych środków trujących z zastosowaniem esterazy cholinowej charakteryzuje się bardzo wysoką czułością. Omówiono zasadę wykorzystania metody enzymatycznej w detekcji wysokotoksycznych substancji chemicznych z grupy fosfonianów. Porównano zmianę intensywności barwy w czasie w zależności od stężenia sarinu w próbce gazu za pomocą spektrometru UV-Vis. Dokonano analizy metody pod kątem stopnia aktywności esterazy cholinowej w zależności od stężenia środka trującego.
EN
An enzymatic method of detecting highly toxic chems. from the group of phosphonates was presented. The method was analyzed in terms of the degree of cholinesterase activity depending on the concn. of the toxic agent. The change of color intensity with time depending on the concn. of sarin in the gas sample was compared using a UV-Vis spectrometer. The method was very sensitive and allowed the detection of sarin at very low concns. of 1·10⁻⁶ g/m³.
EN
Mono- and bis-pyridinium quaternary aldoximes (K-oximes) have long been employed as cholinesterase reactivator components of antidotes against lethal cholinesterase-inhibiting organophosphorous chemicals. Their positive charge poses difficulties in their chromatographic analysis, resulting in the publication of different approaches for each K-oxime. A multiplexed method is presented for the rapid quantitation of 10 K-oximes in blood with its utility demonstrated in vivo. Liquid chromatography with absorbance detection was employed. Reversed-phase separation was achieved on a highly nonpolar stationary phase. Method validation was based on the respective guideline of the European Medicines Agency. Times to peak concentrations and 120-min areas under the time–concentration curves were determined in rats following intraperitoneal administration. Adequate retention and separation of K-oximes with acceptable peak shapes in short isocratic runs was achieved by adjusting ionic strength, organic content and the concentration of the ion-pairing agent of the mobile phase. Chromatographic properties were governed by optimizing the concentration of dissolved ions. Accurate adjustment of the organic content was indispensable for avoiding peak drifting and splitting. Dose-adjusted exposure to K-347 and K-868 was exceptionally low, while exposure to K-48 was the highest. The method is suitable for screening systemic exposure to various K-oximes and can be extended.
PL
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej jest jedną z nielicznych placówek w Polsce, w których prowadzone są badania nad otrzymywaniem nowych radiofarmaceutyków. Prace w tym zakresie prowadzi Pracownia Badań i Syntezy Radiofarmaceutyków pod kierownictwem prof. dr hab. Aleksandra Bilewicza. Tematyka prowadzonych badań jest ukierunkowana na opracowanie nowych metod produkcji radionuklidów oraz sposobów ich dostarczania do miejsc zmian patologicznych w organizmie człowieka. W artykule przedstawiono opisy badań realizowanych przez doktorantów tej Pracowni w ramach prac doktorskich. Wśród tych prac należy wymienić nanonośniki dla emiterów promieniowania alfa, badania nad inhibitorami cholinoesteraz, nowe metody wytwarzania 99mTc i 43Sc czy produkcję radiofarmaceutyków teranostycznych.
EN
The Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology is one of the few institutions in Poland, where research on the acquisition of new radiopharmaceuticals is being conducted. The work in this area is carried out by the Laboratory of Research and Synthesis of Radiopharmaceuticals under the supervision of prof. dr hab. Aleksander Bilewicz. The research is focused on the development of new methods of radionuclide production and methods of their delivery to pathological changes in the human body. The article presents descriptions of research carried out by doctoral students as part of their theses. These include the nanocarriers for alpha-emitters, the study of cholinesterase inhibitors, new methods for the production of 99mTc and 43Sc, as well as the production of teranostatic radiopharmaceuticals.
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