Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Improved detection of chemical threats by sensor data fusion

Kopp Norbert Ludwig, Koch-Eschweiler Helge

Security and Defence Quarterly

|

2022

|

Vol. 37, No. 1

70--93

EN

This paper presents some aspects of sensor data fusion that were derived from the EU-SENSE project of the European Commission (Horizon 2020, Grant Agreement No 787031). The aim of EU-SENSE was to develop a novel network of sensors for CBRNe applications through the exploitation of chemical detector technologies, advanced machine-learning and modelling algorithms. The high-level objectives of the project include improving the detection capabilities of the novel network of chemical sensors through the use of machine learning algorithms and reducing the impact of environmental noise. The focus in this paper is on the detection and data fusion aspects as well as the machine learning approaches that were used as part of the project. Detection (in the sense of detectto-warn) is a classification task and improvement of detection requires enhancing the discriminatory power of the classifier, that is reducing false alarms, false positives, and false negatives. This was achieved by a two-step procedure, that is a sensitive distance-based anomaly/change detection followed by downstream classification, identification and concentration estimation. Bayesian networks proved to be useful when fusing information from multiple sensors. For validation purposes, experimental data was gathered during the project and the developed approaches were applied successfully. Despite the development of several new, helpful tools within the project, the domain of chemical detection remains challenging, particularly regarding provisioning of the necessary prior-knowledge. It might make sense from a coverage point of view to look into integration of stand-off detection techniques into a sensor network, including data fusion too.

2

Portable Raman spectrometer - design rules and applications

Gnyba M., Smulko J., Kwiatkowski A., Wierzba P.

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences

|

2011

|

Vol. 59, nr 3

325-329

EN

Raman spectroscopy has become more popular due to its new prospective field applications in forensic sciences, war against terrorism, environment protection and other field chemical analysis. Raman spectrometers can be miniaturised to portable devices and their price is decreasing due to development of optoelectronics components. Unfortunately, this technology has still numerous limitations that influence their design and limit the scope of possible applications. The conception and design of the portable Raman spectrometer is described, including discussion of performance and limitations of representative components of such device available on the market. An enhanced portable Raman spectrometer using two lasers, one emitting at 355 nm and the other at 785 nm, and employing advanced signal acquisition and data processing methods is presenented. Advantages of such system are outlined and example measurement results acquired using equivalent hardware are presented. Data processing flow for identification of chemicals is also described.

3

Detection of illicit chemicals by portable Raman spectrometer

Smulko J., Kwiatkowski A., Gnyba M.

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences

|

2011

|

Vol. 59, nr 4

449-452

EN

The Raman spectrometers can be built as the portable devices and can be used in various places to detect illicit chemicals. This method has become popular due to deficiency of other fast methods that could be applied against terrorist attacks or could help police at their work. The Conception of a portable Raman spectrometer has been presented. The Description enclosures the presentation of the prepared device and its possible applications by presenting exemplary detection results.