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Optimization of Chitin Extraction from Shrimp Shells Using Full Factorial Design Methodology

Rissouli Lama, Bouziane Ikram, Mdarhri Yousra, Essebaiy Hafsa, Saidi Hajar, Berradi Mohamed, Eddaoukhi Abdesselam, El Yacoubi Ahmed, Laglaoui Amine, Bouassab Abderahman, El Bachiri Abderrahim, Benicha Mohamed, Chabbi Mohamed

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

2024

Vol. 25, iss. 9

348--357

This study aims to optimize chitin extraction conditions by reducing water and chemical consumption using a twolevel factorial design approach. Two variables were studied for the demineralization process: the volume of hydrochloric acid (400 to 500 mL) and the demineralization time (1 to 1.5 hours) at room temperature. For deproteinization, the variables examined were NaOH concentration (0.6 to 1 mol/L) and deproteinization time (1 to 1.5 hours) at 70–80 °C. The ash and protein contents were measured to evaluate the efficiency of the demineralization and deproteinization processes, respectively. Minitab 18 software was used for the experimental design. The results showed that the best conditions for extracting high-quality chitin are a demineralization time of 1 hour, an HCl volume of 500 mL, a NaOH concentration of 1 M, and a deproteinization time of 1 hour. These optimal conditions reduce the amount of water, time, and chemicals required for chitin extraction. Compared to previous studies, we significantly reduced the amount of water and chemicals as well as the extraction duration. These results are innovative as they offer a more efficient and sustainable solution for chitin extraction, thus filling a gap in current research by proposing an optimized method. By providing these new data and demonstrating their effectiveness, our research makes a significant contribution to improving chitin extraction techniques, addressing an unmet need in the industrial field.