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Chaos and self-organization in living systems

Rymarz C.

Journal of Technical Physics

1999

Vol. 40, no 4

407-420

In this paper, continuing the considerations contained in [6], a definition of the Living System (LS) has been introduced. It is determined as a branching chain of elementary links, which form the triade of life: birth, evolution, death. The scope of sciences, which make it possible to investigate the living systems has been presented. Two examples of the elementary links have been given and elements of a triade of "life" have been described. The main role of the phenomenon of self-organization for the LS existence has been underlined. The existence of two approaches to the self organization phenomenon investigation, variational and synergetic have been observed. The physical background of the LS has been presented, attention being paid to the role of entropy in the thermodynamic systems remaining far from the equilibrium. The role of the excess entropy, which enables the fluctuations to be organized, has been described. A double meaning of the entropy has been noticed : energetic and as a set of information on the investigated system, and their mutual relation has been discussed. Applying the synergetic approach, two examples of the elementary links realization have been presented. They are : Rayleigh-Benard problem and the kinetics of chemical reactions.