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Architektura obiektów penitencjarnych czynnikiem wspomagającym resocjalizację osób skazanych na karę pozbawienia wolności – casus polski

Molenda M.

Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Gdańskiej. Inżynieria Lądowa i Wodna

2012

Nr 1 (625)

83--88

How to design objects intended for isolation of persons sentenced to imprisonment? The answer to the pervading question is unclear and remain the cause of deliberation of generations of architects. Incarceration facilities throughout the centuries took on the varieties of forms, from dark dungeons, through prison ships, concentration camps to electronically operated, super-maximum security prisons or rather humane Scandinavian prisons. The practice of designing detention facilities has undergone countless modifications. The changing process was mainly due to alteration of culture, technology, criminal law, penitentiary thought and the economic situation of particular regions. Recent centuries have altered the approach to punishment, penitentiary institutions came to light, as well as the concept of resocialization. The desire of a bloody revenge has been replaced with a wish to positively influence and improve the personality of the inmate. The architecture of prisons has become an essential element of the educational impact on prisoners. Consciously designed space affects the mood and behavior of people living in it, it can provide a sense of security, anxiety, can also stimulate action. In prison setting it additionally sets boundaries between what is available, what internal and external, private and public. Polish detention facilities were flooded with detainees that prevents the personnel from performing their duties effectively, which results in the regression of efficiency of the rehabilitation actions. Poor condition of national prisons and detention centers is an additional disadvantage. It is therefore necessary to build new penalization units, satisfactorily designed in terms of mechanism, function and resocialization. In order to achieve that goal, an analysis of the influence of security policies and supervision principles on the architecture of rehabilitation premises should be conducted. In the current literature dealing with the mentioned matter, there is a void that I will try to fill, to a certain degree, with my doctoral thesis.