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Microstructure of Cast High-Manganese Steel Containing Titanium

Tęcza G., Garbacz-Klempka A.

Archives of Foundry Engineering

2016

Vol. 16, iss. 4

163--168

Widely used in the power and mining industry, cast Hadfield steel is resistant to wear, but only when operating under impact loads. Components made from this alloy exposed to the effect of abrasion under load-free conditions are known to suffer rapid and premature wear. To increase the abrasion resistance of cast high-manganese steel under the conditions where no dynamic loads are operating, primary titanium carbides are formed in the process of cast steel melting, to obtain in the alloy after solidification and heat treatment, the microstructure composed of very hard primary carbides uniformly distributed in the austenitic matrix of a hardness superior to the hardness of common cast Hadfield steel. Hard titanium carbides ultimately improve the wear resistance of components operating under shear conditions. The measured microhardness of the as-cast matrix in samples tested was observed to increase with the increasing content of titanium and was 380 HV0.02 for the content of 0.4%, 410 HV0.02 for the content of 1.5% and 510 HV0.02 for the content of 2 and 2.5%. After solution heat treatment, the microhardness of the matrix was 460÷480 HV0.02 for melts T2, T3 and T6, and 580 HV0.02 for melt T4, and was higher than the values obtained in common cast Hadfield steel (370 HV0.02 in as-cast state and 340÷370 HV0.02 after solution heat treatment). The measured microhardness of alloyed cementite was 1030÷1270 HV0.02; the microhardness of carbides reached even 2650÷4000 HV0.02.

Effect of Heat Treatment on Change Microstructure of Cast High-manganese Hadfield Steel with Elevated Chromium Content

Tęcza G., Sobula S.

Archives of Foundry Engineering

2014

Vol. 14, iss. 3 spec.

67--70

Cast Hadfield steel is a material with high resistance to abrasion, provided, however, that it is used under the conditions of high dynamic loads. To increase the wear resistance of the alloy under the conditions in which no large pressures are operating, carbide-forming elements are introduced to the alloy. However, this leads to the precipitation in castings, mainly at the grain boundaries, of increased amounts of complex carbides. The heat treatment of cast Hadfield steel consists in solutioning to obtain a purely austenitic structure with no carbide precipitates. Changes in microstructure as a function of the changing temperature of the solution treatment were traced in hammers for crushers cast from high-manganese steel with an addition of chromium (1.7% C, 16% Mn and 1.4% Cr). It has been found that the use of the solution treatment temperatures much higher or prolongation of the solutioning time (compared to standard heat treatment) does not lead to the formation of a purely austenitic structure.