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1

Cartographic sources as a base of knowledge about land use in selected areas in the north-western Poland

Ławniczak Radzym, Kubiak Jarosław

Polish Cartographical Review

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2022

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Vol. 54, No. 1

143--157

EN

The aim of the research was to analyse land use changes and to develop a coherent base on the basis of available cartographic source materials – archival and contemporary topographic maps and spatial databases. The presented research is a continuation of works related to the cartographic visualization of changes in the distribution of the settlement network in the Noteć Forest – one of the largest forest complexes in Poland. The analysis was performed for nine villages together with their immediate surroundings, located in this area. The total surface area of lands covered by the study was 32,468 km2 . Cartographic source materials were collected for selected areas. The archival maps were georeferenced and then digitized. In this way, the data has been transformed into a homogeneous system enabling further comparisons and analyses in an automated manner. Geodetic software (C-Geo), GIS (MapInfo, QGIS) and GNSS technology were used in the work. Cartographic sources can be successfully used for spatial analyses and environmental studies, providing reliable and available quantitative data. This type of research is important because it shows the changes taking place in the natural environment and can be used in works related to spatial planning, landscape ecology and social research.

2

Problems of functioning of the pedestrian space in the Lviv city

Kyrhyzbaieva Iryna

Przestrzeń i Forma

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2019

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nr 37

113--124

EN

The existing state of the pedestrian spaces available in the city of Lviv is analyzed by a combination of two methods: a sociological survey of citizens and a cartographic analysis of the trajectory of pedestrian movement by the city. The article describes the results of respondents' survey concerning the comfort and functionality of the pedestrian spaces of Lviv. The model of organization of the city pedestrian spaces is developed.

PL

Istniejący stan dostępnych przestrzeni dla pieszych w mieście Lwów jest analizowany za pomocą połączenia dwóch metod: badania socjologicznego mieszkańców miasta i analizy kartograficznej trajektorii ruchu pieszego przez miasto. Artykuł opisuje wyniki badań ankietowych dotyczących komfortu i funkcjonalności przestrzeni dla pieszych we Lwowie. Opracowano model organizacji miejskich przestrzeni dla pieszych.

3

Zmiany lesistości w Dolinie Ochotnicy w XIX-XX w. Na podstawie materiałów kartograficznych

Godziek J., Szypuła B.

Prace Komisji Krajobrazu Kulturowego

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2018

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nr 39 (1)

189--206

PL

Celem przeprowadzonych badań była analiza dynamiki zmian lesistości w Dolinie Ochotnicy (Gorce) w okresie 1879-2015. Lesistość rozumiana jest tutaj jako procentowy stosunek powierzchni porośniętej lasami do całkowitej powierzchni danego obszaru. Analizę przeprowadzono w środowisku oprogramowania GIS z wykorzystaniem historycznych źródeł kartograficznych (mapy z 1879, 1934, 1978 r.) oraz danych współczesnych (ortofotomapa z 2015 r.), a także numerycznego modelu terenu z 2013 r. Pozwoliło to z jednej strony na ilościową i przestrzenną analizę zmian w pokryciu badanego obszaru lasami, a z drugiej na próbę prześledzenia występowania lasów w odniesieniu do topografii (nachyleń, ekspozycji i wysokości bezwzględnych). W wyniku przeprowadzonych badań stwierdzono, że udział lasów na obszarze badań w analizowanym okresie wzrósł dwukrotnie (z 36% w 1879 r. do 72% w 2015 r.). Wzrost ten był stymulowany przede wszystkim przez zmiany w systemie rolnym wsi oraz odejście od tradycyjnej gospodarki pasterskiej.

EN

The aim of this study is the analysis of the dynamics of changes in forest cover in the Ochotnica Valley, located in the Gorce Mts (Polish Western Carpathians), in the period 1879-2015. ‚Forest cover’ (woodiness) is understood as the percentage ratio of surface area of forest cover to total surface area. Analysis was conducted in ArcGIS on the basis of historical cartographic sources (maps from 1879, 1934, 1978) and contemporary data (orthophotomap from 2015), and a digital elevation model from 2013. This allowed the quantitative and spatial analysis of changes in the forest coverage of the study area on one hand, and an attempt to analyse the occurrence of forests in relation to the topography (slopes, aspects and altitudes) on the other. As a result of the conducted analysis, it was concluded that proportion of forests in the research area in the analyzed time period has doubled (from 36% in 1879 to 72% in 2015). This growth was caused mainly by changes in the agricultural system of the village and by discontinuing the traditional pastoral economy.

4

Geometric accuracy of topographical objects at Polish topographic maps

Ławniczak R., Kubiak J.

Geodesy and Cartography

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2016

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Vol. 65, no. 1

55--66

EN

The objective of research concerned verifying the accuracy of the location and shape of selected lakes presented on topographical maps from various periods, drawn up on different scales. The area of research covered lakes situated in North-Western Poland on the Międzychód-Sieraków Lakeland. An analysis was performed of vector maps available in both analogue and digital format. The scales of these studies range from 1:50 000 to 1:10 000. The source materials were current for the years 1907 through 2013. The shape and location of lakes have been verified directly by means of field measurements performed using the GPS technology with an accuracy class of RTK. An analysis was performed of the location and shape of five lakes. The analysed water regions were vectorised, and their vector images were used to determine quantitative features: the area and length of the shoreline. Information concerning the analysed lakes obtained from the maps was verified on the basis of direct field measurements performed using a GPS RTK receiver. Use was made of georeferential corrections provided by the NAVGEO service or a virtual reference station generated by the ASG EUPOS system. A compilation of cartographic and field data formed the basis for a comparison of the actual area and the length of the shoreline of the studied lakes. Cartographic analyses made it possible to single out the most reliable cartographic sources, which could be used for the purposes of hydrographical analyses. The course of shorelines shows the attached map.

5

Skutki krajobrazowe przerwania ciągłości osadnictwa

Affek A.

Prace Komisji Krajobrazu Kulturowego

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2015

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nr 28

47--64

PL

Celem pracy jest wskazanie zmian w krajobrazie rolniczym wynikających z przerwania ciągłości osadnictwa. Skutki krajobrazowe utraty ciągłości kulturowej omówiono na przykładzie dorzecza Wiaru w Polskich Karpatach Wschodnich, obszaru reprezentatywnego dla regionów, w których w wyniku wysiedleń ludności powstały trwałe pustki osadnicze. Wielkość i kierunek przemian krajobrazu określono z wykorzystaniem analizy kartograficznej map archiwalnych w podejściu HGIS (ang. Historical GIS). Opracowana w 2015 r. przez J. Plit regionalizacja współczesnych krajobrazów historyczno-kulturowych Polski stanowiła ramy teoretyczne do prowadzonych rozważań.

EN

The aim of the study is to identify changes in rural landscape resulting from the break in the continuity of settlement. Landscape effects of cultural decline are presented on the example of Wiar River basin in Polish Eastern Carpathians, an area representative for the regions, where after displacement of inhabitants human population has been hardly restored. The magnitude and direction of changes in landscape structure were determined by means of cartographic analysis of archival maps in Historical GIS approach. The historical-cultural regionalization of Polish landscape developed by J. Plit in 2015 was adopted as theoretical framework for further considerations.

6

Changes in the middle section of the Narew River (between Ostrołęka and Łomża) in view of natural factors and anthropogenic pressures

Grabińska B., Koc J., Cymes I., Szymczyk S.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2014

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Vol. 15, nr 2

25--30

EN

Contemporary and archive cartographic materials illustrating horizontal profile of the middle channel of the Narew River (between Ostrołęka and Łomża) were compared in the GeoMedia application. The results of the analysis revealed that natural and anthropogenic factors had not significantly contributed to changes in the channel profile over a period of two centuries. Narew is a meandering river, and its activity is associated with intensified erosion of right-bank bends and lateral movement along its flat-bed channel. The most noticeable changes include reduced area of oxbow lakes, mainly due to succession, and suburban settlement in floodplains that had been regarded as unfit for development in the 20th century.

7

Przyrodnicze i antropogeniczne uwarunkowania rozwoju koryta Narwi (Wielkie Zakole poniżej Różana)

Grabińska B, Szymczyk S

Inżynieria Ekologiczna

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2012

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Nr 31

27--37

PL

W pracy analizie porównawczej poddano archiwalne i współczesne materiały kartograficzne obrazujące odcinek środkowej Narwi od przekroju hydrologicznego od Różana do Pułtuska. Zgromadzony materiał kartograficzny, opracowano w środowisku programu GeoMedia Professional. Analiza porównawcza materiałów wizualnych i zapisów cyfrowych nie wykazała istotnego wpływu zabudowy hydrotechnicznej na układ poziomy koryta oraz ciągłość ekologiczną rzeki na tym odcinku. Stabilność koryta rzeki zapewnia duża ilość roślinności krzaczastej porastającej jej brzegi. Zwiększa to również walory rekreacyjne tego odcinka doliny rzeki.

EN

Archival and contemporary cartographic materials documenting the Narew river layout of the section Różan – Pułtusk from different time intervals, the program was developed in an environment of GeoMedia Professional. On the basis of visual and digital records of a comparative analysis, no significant changes in the horizontal layout of the river and the negative impact of the current hydrotechnical the ecological continuity of the test section of the riverbed. Large areas of bushy vegetation along riverbanks promote stability. Noticeable is the increase of recreational features in the valley.