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EN
Purpose: The aim of the article was identification and analysis of factors influencing students' career planning and development in Poland and Italy. Design/methodology/approach: The first stage of the research involved an analysis of the source literature and a review of the activities undertaken by universities in order to support students in career planning. This was followed by an analysis of reports on the situation of young people on the labour market in Poland and Italy. The final research method was a diagnostic survey with the use of a questionnaire, which was addressed to students of selected universities in both countries. Findings: Polish and Italian students are aware of their needs regarding their future careers, they are able to formulate career goals and to select a strategy needed to achieve them. However, there are noticeable differences in the implementation of their career plans. These discrepancies may be due to the socio-economic situation of students’ countries of origin. Practical implications: The article is a source of information for both students embarking on their professional careers and employers who will be able to meet the expectations of young employees, as well as universities seeking to create competitive activities in order to support professional development of their students and graduates. Originality/value: The article presents an interesting, comprehensive and comparative study of students in two EU countries, taking into account not only labour market data, but also direct opinions of students and an analysis of the career support activities offered by universities.
EN
The paper found that mostly small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) prevailed in Latvia and the EU and their number increased year by year, particularly because various measures for the establishment and support of micro-enterprises, including financial ones, were implemented. In recent years, at the same time, activity in starting up entrepreneurship considerably declined, as well as students’ entrepreneurial attitudes to set up their own business and to associate their future careers with entrepreneurship significantly deteriorated as well. Therefore, the present paper aims to investigate Latvian high school students’ entrepreneurial attitudes to become self-employed and to set up their own business according to the challenges of the twenty-first century for entrepreneurship. To achieve the aim of the present research study, 5910 students aged from 15 to 22 years (2015) were questioned about the factors motivating as well as promoting and hindering the start-up of entrepreneurship. The results of the survey showed that in recent years, students had insufficient information and knowledge about entrepreneurship promotion measures, as well as about the demands of the labour market and further education in learning a profession. This means that there is a need to improve the teaching and training for entrepreneurship in Latvia and implement targeted career education measures.
PL
Przedstawione w artykule wyniki badań pokazują, że w większości małe i średnie przedsiębiorstwa (MSP) dominowały na Łotwie i w krajach europejskich. Ich liczba wzrastała z roku na rok, zwłaszcza, że zostały uruchomione różne środki w celu wspierania MŚP. W ostatnich latach aktywność w uruchamiania MŚP spadła w sposób znaczący. Dlatego w wyniku badań ustalono, że najważniejszy jest nacisk dotyczący edukacji, w zakresie tworzenia treści kształcenia w oparciu o kompetencje, włączając do niego elementy kształcenia w zakresie przedsiębiorczości i działalności zawodowych.
EN
The article presents the range of career centres’ functioning in schools of higher education in Poland. It describes main fields of their activity and compares them to foreign career centres. In the research part the study includes the analysis of students’ expectations as regards the form and range of career centres’ functioning as well as their activity in the selected university. Finally, the author attempts to determine the main directions of career centres’ functioning to meet students’ expectations and the situation on the labour market.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono zakres funkcjonowania akademickich biur karier na uczelniach wyższych w Polsce. Określono główne obszary ich działalności oraz porównano je z biurami karier na uczelniach zagranicznych. W części badawczej przeprowadzono analizę oczekiwań studentów, co do zakresu i formy działań oraz aktywności akademickiego biura karier na wybranej uczelni wyższej. Podjęto również próbę określenia głównych kierunków funkcjonowania akademickich biur karier odpowiadających oczekiwaniom studentów oraz sytuacji na rynku pracy.
EN
The importance and significance of the career plan is no longer a novelty for the activity of counsellors and career centres. Nevertheless, we are still looking for new concrete and efficient ways of performing such activities with the students. Our intention is that of designing and organizing such activities that may be integrated into a course throughout the entire undergraduate programme. The purpose of our study is twofold: 1. building a proactive attitude towards one’s own professional development; 2. providing the techniques for elaborating a feasible career plan. The theoretical presentation of the integrated AKA model of conducting the career counselling activity by means of the career plan is combined with illustrating certain sequences from this process conducted at the Department of Professional Counselling from „Vasile Alecsandri” University of Bacău.
PL
Waga i znaczenie planu kariery zawodowej nie jest już nowością w działalności doradców zawodowych i centrów kariery. Niemniej jednak, nadal poszukujemy nowych, konkretnych i efektywnych metod wykonywania takich działań ze studentami. Naszą intencją jest zaprojektowanie i zorganizowanie takich działań które były zintegrowane w program obejmujący wszystkie lata studiów. Cel niniejszego artykuły jest dwojaki: 1. Budowanie aktywnej postawy wobec własnego rozwoju zawodowego, 2. Dostarczenia technik do opracowania wykonalnego planu kariery. Teoretyczne przedstawienie zintegrowanego modelu AKA do prowadzenia działalności doradztwa zawodowego w planowaniu kariery, ilustruje pewne etapy tego procesu, przeprowadzone na Wydziale Doradztwa Zawodowego na Uniwersytecie „Vasile Alecsandri” w Bacau.
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