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Impact of land use and land cover changes on carbon stock in Aceh Besar District, Aceh, Indonesia

Achmad Ashfa, Ramli Ichwana, Nizamuddin Nizamuddin

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2023

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no. 57

159--166

EN

The international community affirms the critical role of forests in climate change mitigation, which includes reducing emissions from degradation and deforestation, carbon stock conservation, sustainable forest management, and increasing carbon stocks in developing countries. It relates to land use and land cover changes. This study aims to review land use and land cover changes (LULC) in two decades, namely 2000-2010 and 2010-2020, and the impact on carbon stocks. Landsat satellite imagery in 2000, 2010, and 2020 are classified into six categories: built-up area, cropland, forest, water body, bareland, and grassland. This classification uses supervised classification. The accuracy kappa coefficient values obtained for the LULC 2000, LULC 2010, and LULC 2020 maps were 89.61%, 83.90%, and 87.10%, respectively. The most dominant systematic LULC change processes were forest degradation in 2000-2020; the transition of forest to cropland (349.20 ha), forest to bareland (171.19 ha), and forest to built-up area (661.68 ha). Loss of using the forest for other uses was followed by a decrease in carbon stock. There was a high decrease in carbon stock in the forest category (11,000 Mg C∙y-1). The results showed a significant change in land use and cover. The decline in the area occurred in the forest category, which decreased from year to year. Meanwhile, the built-up area increases every year. Carbon stocks also decrease from year to year, especially forests as the most significant carbon store, decreasing in the area.

2

Using Allometric Equations to Estimate Mangrove Biomass and Carbon Stock in Demta Bay, Papua Province, Indonesia

Indrayani Ervina, Kalor John Dominggus, Warpur Maklon, Hamuna Baigo

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2021

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Vol. 22, nr 5

263--271

EN

The mangrove ecological services as carbon sinks and storage are very useful in the efforts to mitigate global warming and climate change. In this study, the above and below-ground biomass, carbon stock, as well as carbon sequestration by the mangroves in Demta Bay, Papua Province, Indonesia were estimated. Allometric equations were used to determine the mangrove biomass in 36 observation plots. The biomass value was used to determine carbon stock and estimate carbon sequestration. Nine mangrove species were found in Demta Bay, with the contribution of mangrove species to biomass (AGB and BGB) in the following order: Rhizophora apiculata > Rhizophora mucronata > Bruguiera gymnorhiza > Bruguiera cylindrica > Heritiera Littoralis > Xylocarpus molucensis > Rhizophora stylosa > Avicennia marina > Sonneratia caseolaris. The average mangrove biomass was estimated at 174.20 ± 68.14 t/ha (AGB = 117.62 ± 45.68 t/ha and BGB = 56.58 ± 22.49 t/ha). The carbon stocks in mangroves at the Ambora site were higher than the Tarfia and Yougapsa sites, averaging 123.57 ± 30.49 t C/ha, 81.64 ± 25.29 t C/ha, and 56.09 ± 39.03 t C/ha, respectively. The average carbon stock in the mangrove ecosystem of Demta Bay is estimated at 87.10 ± 34.07 t C/ha or equivalent to 319.37 ± 124.92 t CO2 e/ha. The results of this study indicate that the mangrove ecosystem in Demta Bay stores quite high carbon stocks, so it is necessary to maintain it with sustainable management. Therefore, climate change mitigation is not only done by reducing the carbon emission levels but also needs to be balanced by maintaining the mangrove ecosystem services as carbon sinks and sequestration.

3

Green Space Assessment and Management in Biscay Province, Spain using Remote Sensing Technology

Makinde Esther O., Andonegui Cristina M., Vicario Ainhoa A.

Geomatics and Environmental Engineering

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2021

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Vol. 15, no. 4

21--43

EN

Our ecosystem, particularly forest lands, contains huge amounts of carbon storage in the world today. This study estimated the above ground biomass and carbon stock in the green space of Bilbao Spain using remote sensing technology. Landsat ETM+ and OLI satellite images for year 1999, 2009 and 2019 were used to assess its land use land cover (LULC), change detection, spectral indices and model biomass based on linear regression. The result of the LULC showed that there was an increase in forest vegetation by 12.5% from 1999 to 2009 and a further increase by 2.3% in 2019. However, plantation cover had decreased by 3.5% from 1999–2009; while wetlands had also decreased by 9% within the same period. There was, however, an increase in plantation cover from 2009 to 2019 by 2.1% but a further decrease in wetlands of 4.3%. Further results revealed a positive correlation across the three decades between the widely used Normalized Differential Vegetation Index (NDVI) with other spectral indices such as Enhance Vegetation Index (EVI) and Normalized Differential Moisture Index (NDMI) for biomass were: for 1999 EVI (R2 = 0.1826), NDMI (R2 = 0.0117), for 2009 EVI (R2 = 0.2192), NDMI (R2 = 0.3322), for 2019 EVI (R2 = 0.1258), NDMI (R2 = 0.8148). A reduction in the total carbon stock from 14,221.94 megatons in 1999 to 10,342.44 megatons 2019 was observed. This study concluded that there has been a reduction in the amount of carbon which the Biscay Forest can sequester.

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Soil C:P Ratio along Elevational Gradients in Picea schrenkiana Forest of Tianshan Mountains

Cao Y., Wang Y., Xu Z.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2018

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Vol. 66, nr 4

325--336

EN

Forest soils potentially store a large pool of carbon and phosphorus. A deep understanding of the total carbon and phosphorus stock in forest soils is vital in the assessment of the nutrients dynamics in forest ecosystems. This study examined the effects of elevation, soil depth, and climatic variables, specifically mean annual temperature (MAT) and mean annual precipitation (MAP), on soil carbon and organic phosphorus in Schrenk's spruce (Picea schrenkiana) forest at Tianshan Mountains. Results showed that soil organic carbon (SOC) significantly increased while organic phosphorus decreased with elevation. Interestingly, carbon increased faster with increasing elevation in the alluvial horizon than in the leached horizon, demonstrating the important role of deep soils in carbon sequestration potential. SOC concentration decreased with soil depth, whereas phosphorus concentration initially decreased and then increased. SOC had no significant relationships with MAT and MAP, whereas phosphorus concentration decreased with MAT. Similar to the impacts of MAT and MAP on SOC, these two climatic variables also exerted no significant influence on C:P ratio.