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Model based investigation of capillary electro-chromatography at continuous operation mode

Puthirasigamany M., Schuring Y., Hoffmann A., Górak A., Molga E., Lewak M.

Inżynieria i Aparatura Chemiczna

2010

Nr 4

60-61

Elektrochromatografia kapilarna : teoretyczne podstawy i zastosowania

Malinowska I., Drozdzowski M., Bojarski J.

Wiadomości Chemiczne

2005

[Z] 59, 9-10

771--789

In this article the theoretical basis of capillary electrochromatography are presented, as well as some of its analytical applications. The historical background of this analytical method is briefly outlined. The nature of Helmholtz and Stern double layer at the phase boundary resulting in the electroosmotic flow (EOF) and the equations describing its velocity are shortly discussed. From these equations it follows that EOF depends on the properties of liquid phase (a ratio of dielectric constant to viscosity), the electric field intensity and the electric double layer (ζ potential) but does not depend on the diameter of particles of column or capillary packing. The relationship between EOF and efficiency of the chromatographic system is discussed and some advantages and disadvantages of electrochromatography are mentioned. The columns (capillaries) used in electrochromatography (packed, open tubular and monolytic) are described. The applications of capillary electrochromatography described here encompass enantioselective analysis and separation of mixtures of analytes. The examples of enantioseparations deal mainly with drugs, whereas electrochromatographic separations of mixtures are exemplified by amino acids, peptides, proteins and some groups of drugs (barbiturates and benzodiazepines). It is concluded that electrochromatography, although relatively "young" analytical method, found important applications and is in the phase of constant development.