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Evaluating lateral riverbank erosion with sediment yield through integrated model in lower Gangetic floodplain, India

Ghosh Arnab, Roy Malabika Biswas, Roy Pankaj Kumar

Acta Geophysica

2022

Vol. 70, no 4

1769--1795

One of the natural disasters caused by river meandering is riverbank erosion, which creates social, economic, and environmental problems in the riparian zone and serves as a source of increasing sedimentation levels in the river. Riverbank erosion and bank failure create a complex cyclical process, such as riverbank retreat, which cannot be easily measured and predicted by any model. The meandering flow along the Bhagirathi-Hooghly river has created riverbank erosion and riverbank retreat conditions in several areas, through which measuring bank stability and erosion is quite complex. As a result, the BSTEM model, integrating with HEC-RAS, has been used in this article to measure riverbank erosion and retreat accurately. Riverbank erosion and retreat data for 2019–2020 have been simulated based on data observed from 2016 to 2018 for accurate measurement. In addition, the total sediment yielded from the river bank has been calibrated and simulated with the help of sediment transport formulation in HEC-RAS, which indicates a gradual increase in river erosion at present (2019–2020). This model is expected to help formulate government policy on protecting riverbank erosion and river restoration in the future.