Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Calibration of microscopic traffic simulation of urban road network including mini-roundabouts and unsignalized intersection using open-source simulation tool

Yavuz Mehmet Nedim, Özen Halit

Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska

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2024

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z. 122

305--318

EN

Microscopic traffic simulation models offer an effective way to analyze and assess different transportation systems thanks to their efficiency and reliability. As traffic management issues become more prevalent, notably in urban areas, simulation tools enable a significant opportunity to replicate real-world conditions before implementation. Therefore, the calibration of traffic simulation models plays a substantial role in obtaining accurate and confidential results. Nowadays, urban regions are facing the challenge of restricted space for developing traffic solutions. As a consequence of environmental restrictions, the use of mini-roundabouts rather than larger roundabouts is increasing. Based on the given literature review, it is seen that not much attention was given to the complex modeling and calibration of microsimulation models of mini-roundabouts and unsignalized intersections. The objective of this study is to offer the calibration of microscopic traffic simulation of urban road network, including closely located mini-roundabouts and unsignalized intersection. To this end, an open-source tool called SUMO (Simulation of Urban Mobility) was utilized as a simulation environment in this study. The necessary data for developing a microsimulation model in SUMO was gathered using a videography technique. The traffic count data and speed were considered performance measures between field observations and simulation outputs. The routeSampler tool of SUMO, which has recently emerged in the literature, was used to match traffic count data and the corresponding time interval for traffic volume data calibration. The calibration of car-following model parameters using a trial-and-error approach was employed based on mean absolute percent error (MAPE) between simulated speeds and field-measured speeds. According to the findings of the study, the simulation model fulfilled the calibration aims of the FHWA guideline and is suitable for further research.

2

Calibration of a background-oriented schlieren (BOS) imaging based on the light deflection angle of a wedge prism

Sasono Margi, Sakti Setyawan P., Noor Johan A. E., Soetedjo Hariyadi

Metrology and Measurement Systems

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2024

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Vol. 31, nr 1

23--35

EN

The background oriented schlieren (BOS) imaging relies on measuring the light deflection angle in proportion to the refractive index gradient due to the change in the density of a medium. BOS imaging is sensitive to light deflection, and the quantitative measurement requires a reliable calibration method. It is convenient to calibrate the BOS based on the measurement of light deflection. All current BOS calibrations use the random dot as the background and digital image correlation (DIC) as the processing algorithm. Such calibrations can induce an inaccurate measurement. This paper proposes a new method to calibrate the BOS based on measuring a known light deflection angle of a wedge prism. The proposed method uses a fringe pattern instead of the random-dot and works based on phase demodulation. The fringe patterns are phase modulated by the wedge prism (the schlieren object). The demodulation utilizes the Hilbert transform (HT) on the BOS images, giving the phase difference of the images. The BOS converts the phase difference into the deflection angle. The calibration relies on the deviation of the angle measured by the BOS with the known angle of a wedge prism. The results show that the measurement accuracy of the BOS can achieve more than 95%. This result shows high accuracy in measuring the light deflection angle. Also, the proposed method is more accurate than other methods, and fringe patterns outperform random dot patterns in BOS imaging. Soon, this proposed calibration method can be adopted to validate the instruments for measuring the physical properties of a transparent medium in two-dimensional (2-D) visualization, in a contactless and non-intrusive manner.

3

Monitoring rolling bearings - sensor calibration concept based on standards and research

Bernaciak Paweł, Stępień Krzysztof

Mechanik

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2024

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R. 98, nr 8-9

44--48

EN

The article presents a discussion of the importance of analyzing rolling bearing vibrations in industry, emphasizing this parameter as a crucial element in quality control. A review of the literature suggests the need for further advancement in mathematical models and measurement systems, with an increased emphasis on sensor calibration. Although standards such as ISO 15242 regulate the measurement process, they lack detailed specifications for sensor mounting and calibration. The article identifies gaps in the standards regarding precise sensor positioning and calibration, emphasizing the need for further research and development of measurement setups. The proposed studies aim to improve the accuracy and reliability of rolling bearing vibration measurements in industrial practice.

PL

Artykuł omawia znaczenie analizy drgań łożysk tocznych w przemyśle, wskazując ten parametr jako główny w ocenie jakości. Przegląd badań literaturowych ujawnia potrzebę rozwinięcia modeli matematycznych i systemów pomiarowych, z naciskiem na kalibrację czujników. Normy, takie jak ISO 15242, regulują sposób pomiaru, ale nie precyzują szczegółowych wymagań dotyczących mocowania i kalibracji czujników. Artykuł wskazuje na luki w normach dotyczących precyzyjnego ustawienia i kalibracji czujników, podkreślając potrzebę dalszych badań i rozwoju stanowisk pomiarowych. Proponowane badania mają na celu poprawę dokładności i niezawodności pomiarów drgań łożysk tocznych w praktyce przemysłowej.

4

The calibration of sharp-crested weirs with a horizontal edge used for measuring flows in partially full pipes

Kubrak Janusz, Kubrak Elżbieta, Binio Joanna E.

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2024

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no. 60

24--31

EN

This paper presents the results of a laboratory study on the discharge capacity of sharp-crested weirs fitted with a horizontal edge in pipes during open-channel flow conditions and clean water used to measure the outflow. Such sharp-crested weirs are mounted in pipes and are used to control the inflow to separators. The stream profile does not correspond to the profile given by Bazin for sharp crested weirs in channels. A desired location of the water level measurement point for flow rate calculations was provided. Discharge curves were identified for three sharp-crested weirs of 0.0465, 0.0634 and 0.0771 m in height, installed in the pipe of 0.1534 m in diameter and inclinations of 0.5 and 1.0%. The discharge curves for weir flow with free nappe does not show a significant effect of the pipe slope on the weir discharge capacity. The non-dimensional formulas for the discharge capacity of the sharp-crested weir were found as general polynomial regressions. The results indicate that the calibrated sharp-crested weir with a horizontal edge placed in a pipe can be used to control the flow. Due to the scale effect, relationships obtained from the calibration cannot be generalised to other pipe diameters and weirs heights than those analysed.

5

Underwater Human Arm Manipulator – System Calibration

Babiarz Artur, Bieda Robert, Grzejszczak Tomasz, Jaskot Krzysztof, Kozyra Andrzej, Ściegienka Piotr

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

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2024

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Vol. 18, no 2

36--46

EN

Controlling a remotely operated underwater vehicle (ROV) is an extremely challenging task that requires precise maneuvering and navigation in complex and often unpredictable environments. The operator faces numerous difficulties, including limited visibility and communication constraints, and the need to interpret data from various sensors. This paper describes a method for calibration of a wearable system equipped with inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensors that control the underwater manipulators. To implement a solution that allows the robot to be controlled by the operator's hand movements, it is necessary to measure the movement of the arm. This task is carried out using the IMU sensors, which are mounted in appropriate places on the ROV operator's suit to allow mapping the movement of his/her upper limbs. These movements are transferred to the manipulator's arms on the ROV, making it possible to interact with the environment by - manipulating objects under-water.

6

A Bipartite Graph for Estimating Measurement Uncertainty on Five-Axis Machining Centres

Stryczek Roman

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

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2024

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Vol. 18, no 6

449--464

EN

The essential source of errors in machining on five-axis milling centres are errors caused by the improper calibration of a machine tool, setup errors and a process plan which is not designed optimally. For the multilateral machining of the complex, precise parts of machines, a process plan should include, before and during the process, coordinate measurements by means of a touch probe in order to verify previously made surfaces or to determine accurately the position and orientation of a local coordinate system. The uncertainty of these measurements is connected with the estimate precision of performing the manufactured parts. This paper presents a tool devised for determining the uncertainty of the results of coordinate measurements by a simulation method, which is also useful at the stage of machine tool calibration. A basis of this method is a bipartite graph with a tree structure. Transitions in the graph constitute a set of elementary measurement activities and analytical activities which determine the uncertainty of the position and orientation of respective geometric features and abstract objects. Based on the results of the conducted simulation tests it is possible to build analytical models for the rapid determination of measurement uncertainty. The tool devised is aimed at vector dimensioning and therefore it enables simple extension, including integration with geometric dimensioning and tolerancing. This paper includes an example of applying the method devised, which confirms its practicability.

7

Design of self-leveling table for FFF additive technology

Coranič Tomáš, Ružbarský Juraj, Krenický Tibor, Maščeník Jozef

Systemy Wspomagania w Inżynierii Produkcji

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2023

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Vol. 12, iss. 2

109--117

EN

The presented paper describes the conceptual design of a worktable intended mainly for use in combination with FFF additive technologies, calibrated using a gyroscope and accelerometer. The proposed system is based on a programmable Arduino platform that operates with three digital servomotors and a mechanical gyroscope. In the introduction, the theoretical assumptions, and definitions of basic concepts such as a gyroscope, electric motor, and RC servomotor are described. Subsequently, the contribution is devoted to the selection of suitable components, the schematic connection, and the design itself in the Autodesk Inventor program. In the conclusion, the anticipated benefits of using the technical solution when applied in FFF additive technologies are described.

8

Proposed precision analysis of water quality monitoring embedded loT network

Boonsong Wasana, Inthasuth Tanakorn, Zulkifli Che Zalina

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2023

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R. 99, nr 9

175--178

EN

Regarding the essential need for water in agriculture, water resource conservation is becoming a more critical issue that farming developers will consider. The quality instrument used for water monitoring in Farming is one factor to assist an agricultural section in achieving a high impact on their production. This article is presented the precision analysis of water quality monitoring embedded Internet of Things (IoT) Network whereby the proposed invention is a wireless embedded water monitoring system with multi-sensor. The highlight of a measuring instrument is its precision. This study demonstrates its calibration regarding the positive potential of the hydrogen ions (pH). The procedures of precision calibration are related to programming and actual measurement in several tests. The results found that the pH sensor with IoT communication only has a significantly lower erroneous of 0.77%.

PL

Jeśli chodzi o podstawowe zapotrzebowanie na wodę w rolnictwie, ochrona zasobów wodnych staje się coraz ważniejszą kwestią, którą będą rozważać deweloperzy rolnictwa. Instrument jakości używany do monitorowania wody w rolnictwie jest jednym z czynników pomagających sekcji rolniczej w osiągnięciu wysokiego wpływu na ich produkcję. W artykule przedstawiono precyzyjną analizę wbudowanej sieci Internet of Things (IoT) do monitorowania jakości wody, w której proponowanym wynalazkiem jest bezprzewodowy wbudowany wieloczujnikowy system monitorowania wody. Najważniejszym elementem przyrządu pomiarowego jest jego precyzja. To badanie demonstruje jego kalibrację w odniesieniu do dodatniego potencjału jonów wodorowych (pH). Procedury kalibracji dokładności są związane z programowaniem i rzeczywistym pomiarem w kilku testach. Wyniki wykazały, że czujnik pH z komunikacją IoT ma tylko znacznie niższy błąd wynoszący 0,77%.

9

Analysis of 3D head rotations for eye tracking calibration in large computer monitors

Hyka Oleksii, Vejar Andres

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2023

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R. 99, nr 1

278--281

EN

In order to operate in the center of the vision field, the computer user maintains a frontal pose with respect to the screen. In this ideal situation, the computer user can visually explore the screen, moving only the eyes. The user activity changes when the computer screen is large, and it is necessary to change the pose and gaze orientation in order to explore the entire screen. The availability of high-end and high-size computer monitors (621mm width, 341mm height, or bigger), improves the possibilities of computer visualization but requires constant head pose changes to be performed by the computer user. In this study, we evaluate the 3D head rotation activity for the process of calibration on eye tracking. We compare the activity data for a fixed zigzag calibration pattern with respect to a random calibration pattern. The results show that the rotation data provide important information about the user screen exploration, and the incorporation of head rotations can contribute to reducing the quantity of information required to estimate the parameters of calibration models.

PL

Aby działać w centrum pola widzenia, użytkownik komputera utrzymuje pozycję frontalną względem ekranu. W tej idealnej sytuacji użytkownik komputera może wizualnie zbadać cały ekran, poruszając jedynie oczami. Aktywność użytkownika zmienia się, gdy ekran komputera jest duży i konieczna jest zmiana pozy i orientacji spojrzenia w celu eksploracji całego ekranu. Dostępność wysokiej klasy monitorów komputerowych (621mm szerokości, 341mm wysokości lub większych) zwiększa możliwości wizualizacji komputerowej, ale wymaga ciągłej zmiany pozycji głowy przez użytkownika komputera. W tej pracy oceniamy aktywność rotacji głowy w 3D dla procesu kalibracji na eye trackingu. Porównujemy dane aktywności dla stałego zygzakowatego wzorca kalibracji w odniesieniu do losowego wzorca kalibracji. Wyniki pokazują, że dane o rotacji dostarczają ważnych informacji o eksploracji ekranu przez użytkownika, a włączenie rotacji głowy może przyczynić się do zmniejszenia ilości informacji wymaganych do oszacowania parametrów modeli kalibracyjnych.

10

The simple network-based measuring system for improving the evaporation estimation

Dlouhá Dagmar, Pospíšil Lukáš, Dubovský Viktor

Production Engineering Archives

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2023

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Vol. 29, Iss. 3

328-336

EN

This paper presents a novel method for measuring the data for evaporation estimation as the key ingredient for the final decision of the reclamation form in the area of the Most Basin. The area has been intensively mined for many decades, resulting in significant landscape devastation, loss of natural habitats, and negative environmental impact. Currently, it is assumed that by 2050, three large-scale reclamation projects will be implemented in the area and it is necessary to decide which form of reclamation to choose. Whether to build lakes according to the currently valid rehabilitation and reclamation plan or to leave the area of the quarries in succession with the support of spontaneous inflow of water up to a naturally sustainable water level. Whether the first or second option is approved, or a combination of both, the prediction of evaporation from the free water surface will always be of great importance. To deal with this goal, the available meteorological data must be combined with a suitable calculation method. In our work, we suggest utilizing a measuring network of meteorological devices that describe the character of the weather in a given area of interest in a long-term time series. Together with the state-of-the-art calibration of models for calculating evaporation, the measurement network helps to provide more accurate evaporation data for a given area. Based on the analysis of research results, it will be possible to choose a specific right decision and thus contribute to the long-term sustainability of these reclamations.

11

The development of a meta-learning calibration network for low-cost sensors across domains

Feng Tianliang, Xiong Xingchuang, Jin Shangzhong

Metrology and Measurement Systems

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2023

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Vol. 30, nr 4

617--635

EN

Low-cost sensor arrays are an economical and efficient solution for large-scale networked monitoring of atmospheric pollutants. These sensors need to be calibrated in situ before use, and existing data-driven calibration models have been widely used, but require large amounts of co-location data with reference stations for training, while performing poorly across domains. To address this problem, a meta-learning-based calibration network for air sensors is proposed, which has been tested on ozone datasets. The tests have proved that it outperforms five other conventional methods in important metrics such as mean absolute error, root mean square error and correlation coefficient. Taking Manlleu and Tona as the source domain and Vic as the target domain, the proposed method reduces MAE and RMSE by 17.06% and 6.71% on average, and improves R2 by an average of 4.21%, compared with the suboptimal pre-trained multi-source transfer calibration. The method can provide a new idea and direction to solve the problem of cross-domain and reliance on a large amount of co-location data in the calibration of sensors.

12

Koncepcja budowy stanowiska do wzorcowania matrycowych mierników luminancji

Błaszczak Urszula, Leśko Marcin, Wachta Henryk, Baran Krzysztof, Zajkowski Maciej

Automatyka, Elektryka, Zakłócenia

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2023

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Vol. 14, nr 2(52)

86--94

PL

W procedurze wzorcowania mierników luminancji kluczowe jest ustalenie funkcji przetwarzania swoistej dla każdego egzemplarza miernika. Niezbędne jest zatem opracowanie systemu generującego wzorcowy rozkład luminancji o określonych cechach ilościowych i geometrycznych. W artykule zaprezentowano wnioski z analiz służących określeniu wymagań wstępnych do budowy stanowiska do wzorcowania matrycowych mierników luminancji oraz wyniki symulacji pozwalające na określenie wstępnej koncepcji realizacji stanowiska.

EN

In the calibration procedure of luminance meters, it is crucial to establish a processing function specific to each meter. It is therefore necessary to develop a system that generates a standard luminance distribution with specific quantitative and geometric features. The article presents conclusions from analyses aimed at determining the initial requirements for the construction of a station for calibrating matrix luminance meters, as well as simulation results enabling the determination of the initial concept of the stations implementation.

13

Concept of Construction a Station for Calibrating Matrix Luminance Meters

Błaszczak Urszula, Leśko Marcin, Wachta Henryk, Baran Krzysztof, Zajkowski Maciej

Automatyka, Elektryka, Zakłócenia

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2023

|

Vol. 14, nr 2(52)

76--84

EN

In the calibration procedure of luminance meters, it is crucial to establish a processing function specific to each meter. It is therefore necessary to develop a system that generates a standard luminance distribution with specific quantitative and geometric features. The article presents conclusions from analyses aimed at determining the initial requirements for the construction of a station for calibrating matrix luminance meters, as well as simulation results enabling the determination of the initial concept of the stations implementation.

PL

W procedurze wzorcowania mierników luminancji kluczowe jest ustalenie funkcji przetwarzania swoistej dla każdego egzemplarza miernika. Niezbędne jest zatem opracowanie systemu generującego wzorcowy rozkład luminancji o określonych cechach ilościowych i geometrycznych. W artykule zaprezentowano wnioski z analiz służących określeniu wymagań wstępnych do budowy stanowiska do wzorcowania matrycowych mierników luminancji oraz wyniki symulacji pozwalające na określenie wstępnej koncepcji realizacji stanowiska.

14

Validation and calibration of SWAT model for Kollur River Basin, Kundapura Taluk, Udupi District, Karnataka, India

Poojashree Bommetty Purushotham, Peladdy Bhavya, Suresha Kothegala Javaregowda

Acta Geophysica

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2023

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Vol. 71, no. 2

837--853

EN

The present research work has been carried out for the Kollur River Basin, Kundapura Taluk of Udupi District of Karnataka. Kollur River is tributaries of Chakra and Souparnika Rivers. The problem of seawater getting mixed with underground water tables has become acute in many gram panchayats like Maravanthe and Senapura, located near the seashore. Villages like Vandse and Chittur, situated some distance away from the sea, have another problem on hand. The drinking water sources of these villages have dried up due to the depletion of the water table. To understand the hydrology of this complex landscape, the SWAT-CUP model was calibrated and validated using the SUFI-2, considering 14 important hydrologic parameters based on literature sources. The SUFI-2 tool employs stochastic calibration, which recognizes and expresses model errors and uncertainties as ranges account for all underlying variables, conceptual framework, parameters, and observed values. Our watershed model has eight sub-basins and 126 Hydrological Response Units (HRU) to simulate hydrological processes. Climate data from 2007 to 2021 revealed that the most precipitation occurred from June to September, with a maximum of 789 mm in June and a low of 0 mm in January. The hydrographs of 95 PPU plots were obtained from single iterations (500 simulations). The p-factor and r-factor were found to be 0.15 and 1.59, respectively. The accuracy of the simulation findings between observed and model-generated streamflow values was satisfactory. The SWAT-CUP enhanced streamflow models by lowering parameter uncertainty. It can be concluded that less sensitive parameters require more time to reduce the uncertainty than more sensitive values due to wider confidential intervals.

15

Sediment yield modeling in Awash Melkasa dam watershed, upper Awash River basin, Ethiopia

Daba Bayisa Itana, Demissie Tamene Adugna, Tufa Fayera Gudu

Acta Geophysica

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2023

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Vol. 71, no. 5

2287--2306

EN

Soil erosion may be a main problem within the Ethiopian highlands. The Awash River basin is one among the Ethiopian highlands suffering from a high rate of surface erosion. Sediment inflow rates of reservoirs and spatial distribution of sediment yield (SY) are required at the sub-basin level to develop alternative watershed management practices. Hence, this study aimed toward estimating SY within the upper Awash River by using the soil and water assessment tool. The spatial, weather, hydrological, reservoir input, and water withdrawal data were collected and analyzed. The model had adjusted and verified for both flow and sediment. The graphical comparison and statistical indicators, coefficient of determination (R2), Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), root-mean-square error standard deviation ratio (RSR) and percent bias (PBIAS) had used to evaluate the model's performance. Monthly streamflow and SY estimates were found to be reliable (R2 = 0.78–0.83, NSE = 0.75–0.82, RSR = 0.43–0.5 and PBIAS = 0.1–8.8) based on the model calibration and validation results. After calibration, the simulated average annual SY estimated was 22,109.5 t yr-1at the outlet, with an average spatial distribution of 6.52 t ha-1 yr-1. The model prediction outcomes showed that about 26.16% of the Awash Melkasa watershed, located in southwestern direction, is an erosion-prone area with a mean annual SY ranging from 10 to 18.54 t ha-1 yr-1execiding tolerable soil loss. These sub-basins need prior mitigation measures to reduce soil losses from the catchment.

16

Calibration and validation of a macroscopic traffic flow model based on platoon dispersion and queue propagation

Storani Facundo, di Pace Roberta, de Luca Stefano, Memoli Silvio

Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska

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2022

|

z. 114

155--167

EN

This paper proposes a preliminary calibration and validation of a macroscopic traffic flow model for signalised junctions. In fact, on the network signal setting design problem, a reliable modelling approach must be adopted to acknowledge the traffic flow effects, considering two phenomena: queue dispersion and spillback. The proposed model is an extension of the space-time discrete Cell Transmission Model (CTM), which can simulate dispersion and horizontal queue. This preliminary calibration and validation use real-world data collected on an arterial of the city of Salerno (south of Italy). Results showed that the estimated parameters are consistent with the literature.

17

Zastosowanie metod kalibracyjnych w pełnofalowej symulacji elektromagnetycznej obwodów planarnych na częstotliwościach subterahercowych

Wrzesiński Mateusz, Bajurko Paweł

Przegląd Telekomunikacyjny + Wiadomości Telekomunikacyjne

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2022

|

nr 4

544--547

PL

We wrotach obwodu planarnego w pełnofalowych symulacjach elektromagnetycznych występuje nieciągłość powodująca niedopasowanie wrót do połączonej z nimi linii transmisyjnej. Powoduje to błędy w wynikach symulacji. Problem ten można rozwiązać stosując metody kalibracyjne, podobnie jak w mikrofalowej technice pomiarowej. W referacie przedstawiono przykłady ilustrujące to zagadnienie. Omówiono także kwestię wielomodowego sprzężenia między wrotami symulowanego obwodu, które ogranicza skuteczność kalibracji modelu z elektrycznie grubym podłożem. Zagadnienie to jest szczególnie ważne w przypadku obwodów pracujących na częstotliwościach subterahercowych.

EN

A discontinuity exists in the ports of the planar circuit in full-wave electromagnetic simulations, causing a mismatch between the port and the connected transmission line. This causes uncertainty in the simulation results. This problem can be solved by applying calibration methods, analogously to microwave measurement technology. The paper presents examples to illustrate this issue. A multi-mode coupling between the ports of the simulated circuit, which limits the calibration performance for a model with an electrically thick substrate, is also discussed. This is a matter of concern for circuits operating at subterahertz frequencies.

18

Czy kalibracja okulografu w interfensie człowiek-komputer zawsze jes niezbędna?

Gabor-Siatkowska Karolina, Janicki Artur

Przegląd Telekomunikacyjny + Wiadomości Telekomunikacyjne

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2022

|

nr 4

400--403

PL

Okulograf to narzędzie do pomiaru m.in. parametrów ruchów gałki ocznej, ostatnio także wykorzystywane w interfejsie człowiek-komputer. Służy wtedy jako źródło danych np. o stanie psychologicznym człowieka. Producenci okulografów zalecają ich kalibrację, co bywa kłopotliwe. Celem badania było ustalenie, czy ta kalibracja jest konieczna. W badaniu porównano dane uzyskane z okulografu z kalibracją oraz bez niej – mierzono m.in. wielkość średnicy źrenic. Wstępna analiza wykazała, że nie ma znaczącej różnicy między wynikami tych pomiarów.

EN

Eyetrackers are used to measure, e.g., eye movements, recently are also used in the human-computer interface. They serve as a source of data e.g. of the psychological state of a person. Manufacturers of eyetrackers recommend their calibration, which may be troublesome. The purpose of this study was to determine if this calibration is necessary. The study compared data obtained from an eyetracker with and without calibration, e.g., pupil diameter was measured. Preliminary analysis showed that there was no significant difference between the results of these measurements.

19

Test AGH – nr 4 Analiza wyników kalibracji łat inwarowych oraz badanie poprawności działania kompensatorów w niwelatorach precyzyjnych

Szczutko Tadeusz

Przegląd Geodezyjny

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2022

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R. 94, nr 2

21--25

PL

W ostatnich latach produkowane są niwelatory cyfrowe np. Leica DNA03, LS10 i LS15 umożliwiające uzyskanie najwyższych dokładności z łatami inwarowymi GPCL3 lub GPCL2. W ofercie firmy Trimble znajduje się sprzęt o podobnych cechach, niwelator DiNi 0.3 i łaty LD13/LD12. Sokkia oferuje niwelator SDL1X z łatami BIS30. Zestawy te umożliwiają uzyskanie dokładności podwójnej niwelacji na poziomie 0,3 mm i mogą mieć zastosowanie do pomiaru podstawowej osnowy wysokościowej oraz do pomiarów odkształceń i przemieszczeń budowli inżynierskich. Wymagania dotyczące kalibracji łat wykorzystywanych do pomiaru osnów wysokościowych są określone w rozporządzeniu Ministra Rozwoju, Pracy i Technologii z dnia 6 lipca 2021 roku w sprawie osnów geodezyjnych, grawimetrycznych i magnetycznych [1]. Artykuł stanowi uzupełnienie publikacji opracowanych na podstawie wyników pomiarów w Geodezyjnym Laboratorium Metrologicznym Wydziału Geodezji Górniczej i Inżynierii Środowiska AGH. Celem opracowania było porównanie sprzętu obecnie dostępnego na rynku i uzupełnienie wcześniej wykonanych badań. W artykule zwrócono uwagę na zmianę parametrów łat w trakcie ich użytkowania. Opisano również metody badania stabilności kompensatorów w niwelatorach. Wszystkie kalibracje były wykonane na zlecenie przedsiębiorstw geodezyjnych wykonujących niwelację precyzyjną. Pomiary przedstawione w ramach cyklu „Test AGH” zostały wykonane przez autora osobiście lub w zespole, w którym miał znaczący udział. W celu uzyskania spójności z artykułami zamieszczonym w Przeglądzie Geodezyjnym nr 5/2021 „Test AGH – nr 2. Kalibracja teleskopowych łat niwelacyjnych” [2] oraz w numerze 6/2021 „Test AGH – nr 3. Łaty kodowe inżynierskie i ocena ich parametrów użytkowych” [3] pewne istotne zapisy w nich zawarte oraz w tych pozycjach zostały powtórzone.

EN

In recent years, digital levels have been produced, eg Leica DNA03, LS10 and LS15, enabling the highest accuracy to be achieved with GPCL3 or GPCL2 invar staffs. Trimble's offer includes equipment with similar features, the DiNi 0.3 level and LD13 / LD12 staffs. Sokkia offers the SDL1X level with BIS30 staffs. These sets enable to obtain the accuracy of double leveling at the level of 0.3 mm and can be used to measure the basic leveling network and to measure deformations and displacements of engineering structures. The requirements for the calibration of staffs used to measure basic leveling network are specified in the Regulation of the Minister of Development, Labor and Technology of July 6, 2021 on geodetic, gravimetric and magnetic networks[1]. The article complements the publications prepared on the basis of the measurement results at the Surveying Metrology Laboratory of the Faculty of Mining Surveying and Environmental Engineering of the AGH University of Technology. The aim of the study was to compare the equipment currently available on the market and supplement the previously performed tests. The article focuses on changing the parameters of the staffs during their use. The methods of testing the stability of compensators in levels are also described. All calibrations were commissioned by geodetic companies that perform precise leveling. The measurements presented as part of the "AGH Test" series were made by the author personally or in a team in which he contributed significantly. In order to be consistent with the articles published in Przegląd Geodzyjny No. 5/2021 "AGH Test - No. 2. Calibration of telescopic leveling staffs" [2] and in the No. 6/2021 "AGH Test - No. 3. Engineering code staffs and evaluation of their operational parameters. ”[3] certain important entries in them and in these headings have been repeated.

20

Rejestracja obrazów a kalibracja kinematyki manipulatorów

Orozco Roberto, Ratajczak Adam

Prace Naukowe Politechniki Warszawskiej. Elektronika

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2022

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z. 197, t. 1

21-30

PL

Referat podejmuje próbę zaadaptowania wariacyjnych metod rejestracji obrazów do kalibracji kinematyki robotów manipulacyjnych. Rozpatrzono możliwość wykorzystania dyfeomorficznego dopasowania punktów charakterystycznych (ang. Diffeomorphic Landmark Matching) jako narzędzia do obliczania przekształceń dla szczególnej metody kalibracji, mianowicie kalibracji przez dyfeomorfizmy. Sformułowano problem rejestracji obrazów oraz przedstawiono idee związane z kalibracją prze dyfeomorfizmy. Efektywność takiego podejścia została zweryfikowana badaniami symulacyjnymi dla modelu kinematyki podwójnego wahadła.

EN

The paper addresses an attempt to adapt variational methods of the image registration to the calibration of manipulator kinematics. In particular, it considers an application of Diffeomorphic Landmark Matching as a tool for computing transformations for a specific calibration method, namely the calibration by diffeomorphisms. Image registration formalism as well as the ideas underlying the calibration method has been presented. The results of bonding these two theories have been evaluated by means of simulations.