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1

Effects of Ca2+/Mg2+ ions in recycled water on the reverse flotation properties of iron oxides

Tang Min, Yan Wu, Fu Jiahao

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

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2024

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Vol. 60, iss. 3

art. no. 188465

EN

Water quality, particularly hardness, plays an important role in affecting the floatability of minerals as it interferes with the chemical/electro-chemical characteristics of mineral surfaces and their interactions with flotation reagents. It could become unpredictable when water sources characterized by different calcium or magnesium ion distributions were involved. This study aimed to identify the role of Ca2+/Mg2+ ions in the recycled water on the cationic reverse flotation selectivity of iron oxides through a series of bench/micro flotation tests, zeta potential, powder contact angle, and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), etc. The results pointed out that the use of recycled tailing water deteriorates the flotation selectivity and dilutes the concentrates. This can be largely attributed to the presence of Ca2+ ions at higher concentrations as they induce a drop in the Fe recovery and an increase in SiO2 content while an increase in the content of Mg2+ ions seems to have little effect on the quality of concentrate. As evidenced by the data from micro-flotation, powder contact angle, zeta potentials, and FTIR, a hydrophilic colloidal layer formed by Ca-based hydrolyzed compounds, such as Ca(OH)+ or, CaCO3(s), etc., on quartz could change its zeta potentials and disturb its interactions with a cationic collector. They also play a role in weakening the flocculation of starch on hematite probably by prelocking the acidic groups on the starch remnants and contracting their configurations, thus preventing their adsorption on mineral surfaces. However, magnesium ions seem to be beneficial to in strengthening the flocculation of starch on hematite as magnesium-based species could act as adsorption bridges of between starch and mineral surfaces.

2

Skład chemiczny i fazowy soli fosforanowych(V) odzyskiwanych z rzeczywistych ścieków z przemysłu mineralnych nawozów fosforowych

Hutnik Nina, Stanclik Anna, Matynia Andrzej

Przemysł Chemiczny

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2020

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T. 99, nr 8

1234--1237

PL

W procesie ciągłej krystalizacji strąceniowej struwitu odzyskiwano jony fosforanowe(V) ze ścieków o różnym składzie chemicznym. Były to ścieki rzeczywiste z przemysłu nawozów fosforowych. Zanieczyszczenia w ściekach spowodowały wydzielenie produktów stałych o wyraźnie zróżnicowanej jakości. Średni rozmiar kryształów struwitu zmieniał się w granicach 37–41 µm. Jednorodność ich populacji, oceniona współczynnikiem zmienności CV, zawierała się w granicach 72–75%, co powodowało wydłużenie czasu filtracji zawiesiny produktowej. Jony wapnia w ściekach wytrącały się jako amorficzne uwodnione fosforany wapnia ACP. Ich zawartość w produktach wynosiła 23,6–37,9% mas. W produktach stwierdzono 29,29–31,45% mas. P₂O₅, 11,50–14,12% mas. MgO i 3,19–4,35% mas. CaO oraz wodorotlenki niektórych metali, a także inne sole zanieczyszczeń.

EN

Three wastewater samples from the P mineral fertilizer industry with different chem. compn. were subjected to continuous pptd. of struvite at 298 K, pH 9 and the av. time of the mixt. residence in the crystallizer 60 min. Impurities present in the wastewater resulted in the crystn. of solid products of distinctly different quality. Mean size of struvite crystals was 37–41 µm and homogeneity within their population was 72–75%. Ca ions in wastewater were pptd. as amorphous hydrated Ca phosphates in amt. 23.6–37.9% by mass. The solid product contained also P₂O₅, MgO and CaO in amts. 29.29–31.45, 11.50–14.12 and 3.19–4.35% by mass, resp., as well as hydroxides of some metals and salts of other impurities.

3

Adsorption behavior of calcium ions and its effect on cassiterite flotation

Chen Yumeng, Feng Dongxia, Tong Xiong

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

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2019

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Vol. 55, iss. 1

258--267

EN

Naturally, most of the cassiterite co-exists with sparingly soluble calcite, which makes it difficult to be fully utilized. Due to the adsorption of calcium ions dissolved from calcite, surface properties of cassiterite and its floatability can be influenced. Adsorption tests show calcium ions can adsorb on cassiterite surface. In the presence of Ca2+, the zeta potentials of cassiterite shift to more positive values and the isoelectric point of cassiterite increases from pH 4.4 to pH 4.9. XPS results show that after calcium ions treatment, a strong calcium spectral peak at 347.65 eV is detected on the cassiterite surface and the chemical circumstance of oxygen atoms is changed. The presence of Ca2+ can significantly depressed the flotation behavior of cassiterite with salicylhydroxamic acid (SHA) as collector. Its recovery is decreased by 26.03% compared to that without Ca2+ at SHA dosage of 8.0×10-4 mol/dm3. When increasing SHA concentration to 9.0×10-4 mol/dm3 and above, the depression effect is partly compensated and the recovery rises by about 20%. Contact angle values of cassiterite measured by the bubble method correspond well to the flotation performance. Hence the depression mechanism of Ca2+ in cassiterite flotation can be interpreted in two aspects: 1) the consumption of SHA due to complexation reactions in pulp; 2) a decrease of effective adsorption site for SHA on cassiterite because of the adsorption of Ca2+.

4

Wpływ jonów wapnia na wytrącanie i krystalizację struwitu ze ścieków

Hutnik N., Stanclik A., Matynia A.

Przemysł Chemiczny

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2017

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T. 96, nr 9

1864--1868

PL

Z roztworów wodnych zawierających jony fosforanowe(V) i jony wapnia wytrącano struwit za pomocą jonów magnezu i amonu. Proces prowadzono w sposób ciągły. Z rozkładu rozmiarów kryształów otrzymanych produktów oszacowano kinetykę wytrącania i krystalizacji struwitu przy wykorzystaniu do obliczeń modelu SIG MSMPR. Wykazano, że jony wapnia oddziałują negatywnie na wszystkie składowe procesu. Zwiększenie ich stężenia ze 100 do 2000 mg/kg spowodowało ponad 7-krotne zwiększenie szybkości zarodkowania struwitu i prawie 2-krotny spadek liniowej szybkości wzrostu kryształów. W produkcie stwierdzono, oprócz struwitu, obecność amorficznych hydratów fosforanu(V) wapnia.

EN

Struvite was pptd. from phosphate(V) and Ca ions - contg. aq. solns. by addn. on NH₄ and Mg ions to det. kinetic parameters of the struvite reaction crystn. calcd. from the crystal size distribution by using a size-independent growth model. The Ca ions negatively affected on all components of the process. After increase in Ca²⁺ concn. from 100 to 2000 mg/kg, the nucleation rate was increased sevenfold, whereas linear crystal growth rate was decreased nearly twice. The amorphous Ca₃(PO₄)₂ hydrates were found in the struvite product.

5

Investigation on different behavior and mechanism of Ca(II) and Fe(III) adsorption on spodumene surface

Yu F., Wang Y., Wang J., Xie Z.

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

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2014

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Vol. 50, iss. 2

535--550

EN

Behavior and mechanism of Ca2+ and Fe3+ adsorption on spodumene surface were investigated by micro flotation tests, zeta potential measurements, and density functional theory (DFT) calculation methods. The micro flotation tests showed that Ca2+ and Fe3+ activated the flotation of spodumene remarkably. However, the effect of Fe3+ was more significant than that of Ca2+. Additionally, Fe3+ significantly changed the zeta potential of spodumene while Ca2+ showed a little change. Meanwhile, the calculated adsorption energy of Fe3+ on spodumene surface was much greater than that of Ca2+ indicating that Fe3+ is more apt to be adsorbed on spodumene surface than Ca2+. The value of bond population in Ca-O illustrated that the bond of Ca-O consists of partial covalent proportion and some ionic component. On the contrary, the bond of Fe-O showed a relatively strong covalent property. The partial density of states (PDOS) of free Ca/Fe and the reacted O atom on spodumene (110) surface before and after the adsorption showed that Fe 3d orbital and O 2p orbital formed hybridization. The density of states (DOS) near the Fermi level of spodumene surface after adsorption with Fe3+ was much stronger than that with Ca2+.

6

Zastosowanie jonów wapnia w termiczno-chemicznej modyfikacji lizozymu

Leśniewski G., Borowiak R., Cegielska-Radziejewska R., Stangierski J.

Przemysł Chemiczny

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2013

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T. 92, nr 8

1431-1436

7

Makro- i mikroelementy w produktach sojowych

Kucharska U., Jędrzejczyk T., Duda J.

Zeszyty Naukowe. Chemia Spożywcza i Biotechnologia / Politechnika Łódzka

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2002

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Z. 66

17-30

PL

W pracy opisano oznaczanie jonów wapnia, żelaza i sodu w produktach sojowych z użyciem metod spektrofotometrycznych i potencjometrycznej. Użyte metody w analizie wykazują odpowiednią liniową zależność dla kalibrowanych zakresów pomiarowych. Statystyczna analiza wyników oznaczeń zawartości jonów metali w produktach sojowych charakteryzuje się relatywnie niskimi wartościami odchylenia standardowego. Oznaczone zawartości badanych jonów mieszczą się w przedziałach zalecanych ilości makro- i mikroelementów w produktach sojowych.

EN

This paper describes the determination of Ca(II), Fe(III) and Na(I) ions in soybean products using spektrophotometrical and potentiometrical methods. The methods showed linearity for the analyses in their respective calibration ranges. Statistical date analysis, based on soybean products analysis and relative standard deviation (RSD) for both ions was performed.