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Cadmium Immobilization in the Rice – Paddy Soil with Biochar Additive

Thi Khac Vu, Lan Phuong Dinh Thi, Hang Nga Nguyen Thi, Thanh Hoa Nguyen

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2022

Vol. 23, nr 4

85--95

Cadmium (Cd) is toxic for humans, but its effects on the yield and quality of rice under contaminated irrigation conditions remain uncertain. In this study, paddy soils in the Red River Delta (Vietnam) were selected for experiments with the purpose of understanding the effects of Cd contaminated irrigation water on growth, yields, and grain Cd accumulation. In addition, biochar was produced from rice husk (BRH) and rice straw for preventing Cd infiltration into rice was also studied in this experiment. A field experiment was established with applicated BRH and straw into polluted paddy soil, as a result the Cd content in grains reduced significantly. The Cd contaminated soil was added to the BRH and rice straw (RS) with six ratios, including: (1) RS 2.5%, (2) BRH 2.5%, (3) RS-BRH: 1.25–1.25%, (4) RS 5.0%, (5) BRH 5.0%, (6) RS-BRH: 2.5–2.5%, (w:w). Besides, three content levels 0.01–0.05–0.5 mg/L of Cd in irrigation water were applied throughout crop season. The results showed that the Cd accumulation in rice was in the following order: roots > stems > seeds. With 3 contaminated irrigation levels which were applied, the Cd concentrations of 0.05 mg/L and 0.5 mg/L affected plant height and yield. However, the Cd content in grains under contaminated soil condition can be controlled from 82.47–83.94% by applying a BRH ratio from 2.5–5% (w:w).

Comparative study of uptake, accumulation and some effects of cadmium in two cultivars of Salvia officinalis L.

Masarovicova E., Kral'ova K., Stresko V.

Chemia i Inżynieria Ekologiczna

2004

Vol. 11, nr 2-3

209--214

The effeets of Cd(N)3)2 on production characteristies (length of roots and shoots as well as dry mass of roots and shoots) and cadmium uptake in the plant organs in two eultivars of Salvia officinalis L., cv. Krajova (Slovakian provenance) and cv. Primorska (Yugoslavian provenanee) were studied. Two month old plants were cultivated hydroponically for seven days under controlled conditions in the Hoagland solution without and in the presence of Cd(N)3)2 (30, 60, 120, 180,240,360 and 480 µmol dm-3). The metal content in above-ground and underground parts of studied cultivars were determined using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry (FAAS). It was found that both studied cultivars belong to hyperaccumualtors of cadmium because they accumulated in the shoots over than 100 µg g-1Cd. However, cv. Primorska was more effective mainly for translocation of cadmium into the above-ground part of plant.

Zbadano wpływ [WZÓR] na charakterystykę produkcji (długość korzeni i pędów w przeliczeniu na suchą masę) oraz pobrania kadmu przez organy szałwii lekarskiej (Salvia officinalis L.) odmiany Krajova (pochodzącej ze Słowacji) i odmiany Primorska (pochodzącej z Jugosławii). Dwumiesięczne rośliny przez siedem dni uprawiano hydroponicznie w warunkach kontrolowanych, w roztworze Hoaglanda bez udziału oraz w obecności Cd(N)3)2 (30, 60, 120, 180, 240, 360 i 480 µmol dm-3). Zawartość metalu w nadziemnych i podziemnych częściach badanych odmian oznaczono metodą płomieniowej absorpcyjnej spektrometrii atomowej (FAAS). Stwierdzono, że szałwia z obu plantacji należy do hiperakumulatorów kadmu, ponieważ w pędzie zgromadziły ten metal w ilości 100 µmol dm-3. Dla odmiany Primorska stwierdzono efektywniejszą translokację kadmu do nadziemnych części roślin.