W artykule opisano sposoby kontroli pionowości budynków i budowli. Przedstawiono metody pomiarów oraz interpretacji wyników.
EN
The article describes the methods of controlling the verticality of buildings and structures. Methods of measurement and interpretation of results are presented.
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Autor w swoim opracowaniu podaje sposób wykonywania zabiegów naprawczych w budowlach za pomocą iniekcji ciśnieniowej. Polega on na zastosowaniu technologii wykonywania iniekcji ciśnieniowej, tj. od wewnątrz za pomocą jego opatentowanego urządzenia, tzw. lancy iniekcyjnej. Stosowanie tego rozwiązania w pełni potwierdziło jego skuteczność na obiektach, co zostało poparte pozytywnymi opiniami rzeczoznawców i odpowiednich instytucji.
EN
In the author provides a method of performing repair procedures in buildings by means of pressure injection. It consists in the use of pressure injection technology, i.e. from the inside, using his patented device, the so-called injection lance. The use of this solution fully confirmed its effectiveness in the facilities, which was supported by positive opinions of experts and relevant institutions.
Gradually shaping for ages the rural landscape, according to the tradition and experience, is subject to the violent transformation. Confronted with the investment pressure, global process and progress in cultural landscape degradation observing in the 90s of the 20th century, it started to come back, very lively at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, the ideas of regionalism. Since the mid-90s the landscape shaping and its preserving has been in the Warmia and Mazuria region actively and creatively undertaken by the olsztyńskie association the Cultural Community "Borussia". From that circle came out the impulse to invite tenders for the design of the modern house which had been inspired by the local tradition. In 2010 the competition "Twój dom - dialog z tradycją" ["Your house - the dialogue with tradition"] was organized by the Warmian and Mazurian Marshal Office, National Center for Historical Monuments Studies and Documentation (presently National Heritage Board of Poland) and Polish Architecture Association - Local Division in Olsztyn. The main goal of that competition was to find out and to popular some new models of the family housing for the rural lands which could have been a kind of the traditional building continuation. a point of departure for the creative interpretation of the most characteristic and valuable landscape and Warmian and Mazurian architecture motives was the monograph concerning the tradition of the regional housing and farm building. 184 designs from all over Poland entered into this project. Many of the participants made an attempt in creative and modern interpretation of the historical motives both in the form and the details and being also inspired by the farm buildings. Prized (4) and awarded (24) projects were prepared to be sold and have also been presented in the catalogue which was distributed in the region. The competition organizers believ, that the designs will wind the purchasers and the constructed houses will soon appear in the Warmian and Mazurian region raising its landscape value.
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Prussia Fort, which was built in order to perform a defensive and frightening function, severe in its military form, has become patinated and even romantic in character. Despite the fact that the sun, water and plants deformed its historical shape to a considerable extent, it still inspires admiration and interest for its creators. On the one hand, we would like to see nowadays fortification works, counterguards and the moat in their original forms or to experience the staging of a historical battle which would take place on the reconstructed ramparts of the Fortress. On the other hand, the fortress which is covered with invasive plants attracts us with its mystery and has become not only a place of relaxation but also a place where we can have contact with history and nature. In the works concerning the revitalization of the complexes, a key meaning, particularly in the first stage, is constituted by a proper land development of green areas. Trees and bushes most often grow spontaneously in the majority of the fortress area. Their roots not only destroy walls but they also stabilize constructions. The most significant tasks to be performed by architects of landscaping design are as follows: emphasis on historical elements, liquidation of invasive plants which destroy the form of fortification works, the choice of valuable units with regard to landscape and quality, the assessment of the functioning ecosystem, the project of designing green areas in an attractive way with regard to the space.
Pod pojęciem opadów atmosferycznych rozumie się opadające z atmosfery na powierzchnię terenu ciekłe lub stałe produkty kondensacji pary wodnej. Do opadów ciekłych należy deszcz i mżawka, natomiast do stałych śnieg, grad itp. Ilości opadów, występujących jako przeciętne na danym terenie, uzależnione są od czynników stałych - klimatycznych, którymi są położenie geograficzne i wzniesienie nad poziomem morza, oraz od czynników zmiennych - meteorologicznych: wahań temperatury i ciśnienia, niedosytu wilgotności, zachmurzenia itp. W naszych obszarach geograficznych oraz w ciepłej porze roku deszcz jest najczęstszą formą opadów atmosferycznych. Zmienną cechą wszystkich opadów atmosferycznych jest ich przestrzenna nieciągłość, tzn. duże różnice ich natężenia w miejscach nawet niezbyt od siebie oddalonych.
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