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Polish Studies on Saturation Diving and Practical Application of Their Findings. Part III A, Technical and Organisational Issues of the Implementation of Saturation Diving in Poland from the 1990s Onwards. Part 1

Skrzyński Stanisław

Polish Hyperbaric Research

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2023

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nr 2(83)

7--22

EN

This article is another in a series of articles on the research and implementation of saturation diving technology in Poland. It discusses the specificities related to the implementation of this technology against the background of economic and historical conditions in our country. In Poland, the issue of saturation diving for the needs of the emerging offshore mining industry has been for over a dozen years dealt with by the Department of Diving Equipment and Technology of Underwater Works (Polish abbr. ZSNiTPP). In parallel, deep diving technologies were developed, in the first stage, as a basic diving technology and, since 1994, as complementary to ensure the full backup for saturation diving. Since 1995, saturation diving has become an everyday occurrence in the Polish economic zone of the Baltic Sea. This article shows the difficult path that the implementation of saturation diving took during a period of economic instability when the scale of the domestic offshore industry's facilities was small compared to global companies. Selected animators and participants in the implementation are recalled for two periods: one marked with the cooperation with the Italian underwater services company RANA and the other one, a period of implementation of long-term underwater works based on national capabilities. The article also considers the technical and organisational conditions for the implementation of saturation diving for the Polish mining industry. In 1990, the Oil and Gas Exploration and Production Company Petrobaltic (today LOTOS) played one of the key roles in the implementation of saturation diving in our country. The implementation of saturation diving in Poland was linked to the only operational diving system of Italian production, the Af-2, which enabled scientific research related to the application of new technical solutions and testing under operational conditions, as well as contributed to the development of scientific, engineering, and medical staff for the Polish offshore industry. The company played one of the main roles in the implementation of saturation diving in our country The 1995 became a landmark year in the history of saturation diving in Poland, as well as in the Baltic Sea. Through this technology, the process of installing the first two underwater exploitation heads on production wells B3-7 and B3-10 was initiated. The saturation diving was possible thanks to the leasing of the Af-2 diving system by Petrobaltic and its subsequent purchase by the Naval Academy in 1998.This system, after a series of upgrades, is still in service today.

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Polish Studies on Saturation Diving and Practical Application of Their Findings. Part III B, Technical and Organisational Issues of The Implementation of Saturation Diving in Poland from the 1990s Onwards. Part 2

Skrzyński Stanisław

Polish Hyperbaric Research

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2023

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nr 3(84)

7--26

EN

This article is another in a series of articles on the research and implementation of saturation diving technology in Poland. It discusses the specificities related to the implementation of this technology against the background of economic and historical conditions in our country. In Poland, the issue of saturation diving for the needs of the emerging offshore mining industry has been for over a dozen years dealt with by the Department of Diving Equipment and Technology of Underwater Works (Polish abbr. ZSNiTPP). In parallel, deep diving technologies were developed, in the first stage, as a basic diving technology and, since 1994, as complementary to ensure the full backup for saturation diving. Since 1995, saturation diving has become an everyday occurrence in the Polish economic zone of the Baltic Sea. This article shows the difficult path that the implementation of saturation diving took during a period of economic instability when the scale of the domestic offshore industry's facilities was small compared to global companies. Selected animators and participants in the implementation are recalled for two periods: one marked with the cooperation with the Italian underwater services company RANA and the other one, a period of implementation of long-term underwater works based on national capabilities. The article also considers the technical and organisational conditions for the implementation of saturation diving for the Polish mining industry. In 1990, the Oil and Gas Exploration and Production Company Petrobaltic (today LOTOS) played one of the key roles in the implementation of saturation diving in our country. The implementation of saturation diving in Poland was linked to the only operational diving system of Italian production, the Af-2, which enabled scientific research related to the application of new technical solutions and testing under operational conditions, as well as contributed to the development of scientific, engineering, and medical staff for the Polish offshore industry. The company played one of the main roles in the implementation of saturation diving in our country The 1995 became a landmark year in the history of saturation diving in Poland, as well as in the Baltic Sea. Through this technology, the process of installing the first two underwater exploitation heads on production wells B3-7 and B3-10 was initiated. The saturation diving was possible thanks to the leasing of the Af-2 diving system by Petrobaltic and its subsequent purchase by the Naval Academy in 1998.This system, after a series of upgrades, is still in service today.

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Qualification of the carbon dioxide measurement system to supervise and improve the process of obtaining breathing gas for oxygen hyperbaric conditions

Woźniak Arkadiusz

Polish Hyperbaric Research

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2019

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nr 4(69)

7--32

EN

Maintaining a stable carbon dioxide content below the established CTQ1 requirements in the process of obtaining breathing gas for hyperbaric oxygen conditions is essential for the safety of underwater work. This article discusses the subject of validation of a selected measuring system for on-line control of the breathing gas production process and describes the application of multidimensional sensory systems to control critical parameters of the production process in production systems intended for intensive use away from supply facilities. In this case, the on-line contamination measurement option should be considered2. Monitoring of the analysed process from the point of view of its ability to minimise its variability should be oriented towards measuring the input or process values in such a way as to prevent the occurrence of potential defects already at the production stage. The assessment of the CCS - Carbon Dioxide Control System3 selected for testing, designed to control the carbon dioxide content, was performed in DUWT PNA4 for the DGKN - 120 complex compressed air supply system5. The system evaluation was conducted using MSA6 procedures and methods of SPC7.

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Polska droga realizacji dekompresji w podwodnych pracach głębinowych część 1. Rewolucja osobistych komputerów nurkowych

Skrzyński Stanisław

Polish Hyperbaric Research

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2019

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nr 3(68)

33--40

PL

W artykułuje autor przedstawia specyfikę dekompresji nurkowań głębokich w odniesieniu do rewolucji w nurkowaniach jakie przyniosło wprowadzenie osobistego komputera w nurkowaniach rekreacyjnych. Ciągły rozwój tych komputerów, szczególnie w ostatnich dekadach naszego wieku, dotyczył nurkowań głębinowych realizowanych w nurkowaniach technicznych i rekreacyjnych. Nurkowania głębinowe są trudne i ryzykowne w realizacji z punktu widzenia podwodnej fizjologii oraz realizacji dekompresji. Charakteryzując dekompresję nurka, realizowaną przy pomocy komputera dla nurkowań głębinowych, autor porównuje realizację dekompresji w profesjonalnych nurkowaniach głębinowych. Wskazuje on też na przeszkody formalne i techniczne na drodze wdrożenia komputerów osobistych nurka. W podsumowaniu artykułu ocenia zaś możliwość zastosowania komputera nurkowego w realizacji podwodnych prac głębinowych.

EN

In the article the author presents the specificity of deep diving decompression in relation to the revolution in diving which was triggered by the introduction of a personal computer in recreational diving. Continuous development of these computers, especially in the last decades of our century, concerned deep-sea technical and recreational dives. Deep-sea dives are difficult and risky in terms of underwater physiology and decompression. In characterizing the decompression of a diver, realized with the use of a computer for deep-sea dives, the author compares the realization of decompression in professional deep-sea dives. He also points out the formal and technical obstacles to the implementation of personal dive computers. In summary, the article evaluates the possibility of using the diving computer in the implementation of underwater works.

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Poland's path towards decompression realisation in underwater works. Part II. Decompression tables for commercial deep-sea diving in Poland

Skrzyński Stanisław

Polish Hyperbaric Research

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2019

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nr 4(69)

45--62

EN

In the article the author presents the specificity of decompression of deep-sea dives in relation to methods used in underwater works, with particular emphasis on commercial diving in our country. In the 50 - 90 m depth zone in the Polish offshore area, decompression was used in underwater works (works below the depth of 50 m) based on tables designed for bell diving. The technical, organisational and formal conditions of these underwater works corresponded to the national diving potential. The implementation of decompression, particularly in deep-sea dives, provides the possibility of performing it in many different ways. They, in turn, are the result of experience, diving technique, organisation and specificity of underwater works. The article presents the implementation of decompression from the executive side of underwater deep-sea works developed and carried out by the Department of Underwater Works Technology of the Naval Academy in cooperation with the Navy until 2001 and civil companies to date.