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Numerical simulation and experimental studies of mandrel effect on flow-compaction behavior of CFRP hat-shaped structure during curing process

Li S., Zhan L., Chang T.

Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering

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2018

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Vol. 18, no. 4

1386--1400

EN

CFRP hat-shaped structure is a typical stiffened structure used in aerospace field. In this work, aimed to provide a theoretical basis for manufacturing CFRP hat-shaped structure, the multi physical field coupling model considering influence of mandrel was established. Effect of mandrel on resin flow and fiber compaction during curing process was studied by simulation and experiment. Results showed that temperature and curing degree affected by mandrel can be negligible in hat-shaped structure, and the distribution of temperature and curing degree was relatively homogeneous. However, the behavior of resin flow and fiber compaction during curing process was not uniform. There was a larger gradient among resin flow, pressure, fiber volume fraction and laminate thickness. Presetting a suitable hole in mandrel can effectively improve the uniformity of resin flow and fiber compaction. By simulation analysis and optimization, the acceptable aperture of 11.5–12.5 mm was obtained. Finally, the model and simulation developed in this study was validated by experiment. The reliability coefficient of 93.4–99.6% was obtained, which indicated a good agreement between simulation and experiment.

2

Traditional promotion activities

Žáčik N., Novák A.

TTS Technika Transportu Szynowego

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2016

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R. 23, nr 12

283--286

EN

Advertising, sales promotion, personal selling and public relation are some of the most important elements used in promotion. Airline promotional activity need to be adapted to the demand on the market. The most suitable advertising option for airline business will depend on target audience and what is the most cost effective way to reach as many of them as possible, as many times as possible. The advertising option chosen should also reflect the right environment for the product or service. The promotion policy helps the company keep control of the message it is sending about the good or service, as well as to dictate appropriate actions that employees can take when dealing with outside personnel. Promotion is one of the key elements of the marketing mix, and deals with any one or two-way communication that takes place with the consumer. The purpose of the article is to clarify what is difference between promotion and marketing activities and has to serve as a part of future prepared study material for students of University of Žilina.

PL

Reklama, upusty, sprzedaż osobista i public relation należą do najważniejszych elementów stosowanych w promocji. Działania w zakresie promocji podejmowane przez linie lotnicze powinny być dostosowane do wymagań rynku. Najlepiej pasująca do branży lotniczej opcja reklamy będzie zależała od docelowego segmentu rynku i od tego, jaki sposób dotarcia do możliwie wielu klientów i możliwie często będzie najbardziej efektywny kosztowo. Wybrana opcja reklamy powinna także odzwierciedlać właściwe środowisko produktu lub usługi. Polityka promocji pomaga firmie utrzymać kontrolę nad komunikatem, jaki wysyła wraz z produktem lub usługą, jak również określić działania, jakie mają podjąć pracownicy kontaktując się z personelem zewnętrznym. Promocja jest jednym z kluczowych elementów marketingu-mix i zajmuje się każdym rodzajem jedno- lub dwukierunkowej komunikacji z klientem. Celem artykułu jest wyjaśnienie, jaka jest różnica pomiędzy promocją a marketingiem; ponadto artykuł ma stanowić w przyszłości materiał do studiowania dla studentów Uniwersytetu w Žilinie.

3

Przyczyny i formy zaangażowania samorządów w rozwój branży lotniczej

Kaczyńska-Adamczyk S.

Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska

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2011

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z. 72

51-58

PL

Porty lotnicze są strategicznym elementem infrastruktury krajowej i regionalnej. Mają one znaczny wpływ ekonomiczny i społeczny na otoczenie. Lokalne samorządy angażuja się w rozwój regionalnych portów lotniczych. Zaangażowanie to przybiera różne formy. Przedmiotem niniejszego artykułu jest analiza przyczyn i form zaangażowania samorządów w rozwój branży lotniczej.

EN

Airports are strategic elements of national and local infrastructure. They have considerable economic and social impact on surrounding areas. Local governments engage in development of regional airports. This engagement takes various forms. This article presents the analysis of reasons and forms of local governments’ engagement in aviation branch.

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Ocena ryzyka współpracy z dostawcami

Król M., Stadnicka D.

Problemy Jakości

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2010

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R. 42, nr 10

30-37

EN

One of the quality management rule requires from organizations keeping good relations and cooperation with suppliers. To have a possibility to do that, first we should choose these suppliers who are able to meet company's requirements. Next we can assess a risk concerning cooperation with a certain supplier and evaluate an influence, which bad cooperation can have on our organization. In the paper authors present requirements and guidelines concerning purchasing process and cooperation with suppliers of quality standards such as ISO 9001, EN 9100 and ISO 9004. The authors also describes methods for suppliers evaluation and examples of indicators, which can be used to assess suppliers. Suppliers are usually assessed in respect of quality and price of products, and supplies punctuality. Next, authors propose a method for a risk assessment of cooperation with suppliers. The method gives consideration to probability of appearing negative results in future and influence on organization's functioning. The information specified in the article are taken into consideration to assess a risk. The method was worked out for a big company and tested in this company. Using the method 41 company's actual suppliers were evaluated to find out what is the risk concerning cooperation with these suppliers. The method is flexible and can be easy adapted to different organizations. To facilitate using the method we can use a spreadsheet program, like in this case.