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Wdrożenie membranowych procesów uzdatniania wód głębinowych do krajowego systemu zbiorowego zaopatrzenia jako metoda ograniczenia eliminowania zasobów o podwyższonych stężeniach chlorków

Zimoch Izabela, Koszyka Agata

Instal

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2023

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nr 12

104--107

PL

Niniejszy artykuł obejmuje analizę możliwości wykorzystania technologii membranowych w systemach zbiorowego zaopatrzenia w wodę jako kierunek ograniczenia eliminowania ujęć głębinowych o podwyższonym zasoleniu z zasobów surowców do produkcji wody przeznaczonej do spożycia. Diagnozę możliwości wykorzystania eliminowanych uprzednio ujęć przeprowadzono dwukierunkowo - z punktu widzenia możliwości wdrożenia odmiennej technologii dedykowanej uzdatnianiu tych wód, w aspekcie optymalizacji technologicznej procesu oraz z punktu widzenia założeń projektowych i planistycznych zadania inwestycyjnego.

EN

This article analyzes the potential use of membrane technologies in collective water supply systems as a means to mitigate the need for eliminating deep-water intakes with increased salinity from raw material resources for drinking water production. The assessment of the viability of reusing previously eliminated intakes was conducted in two directions: from the perspective of implementing a different technology dedicated to treating these waters and from the standpoint of technological optimization of the process, as well as in terms of the design and planning assumptions for the investment task.

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Nutrient Absorption and Biomass Production by the Marine Diatom Chaetoceros Muelleri: Effects of Temperature, Salinity, Photoperiod, and Light Intensity

Minggat Elizerberth, Roseli Wardina, Tanaka Yasuaki

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2021

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Vol. 22, nr 1

231--240

EN

The marine diatom Chaetoceros muelleri is commonly used for aquacultural feed and is well known for its fast growth and easy maintenance. In order to evaluate the potential of C. muelleri to be used for the nutrient removal and biomass production from eutrophic saline wastewaters, the algae were cultured under a wide range of temperature, salinity, photoperiod, and light intensity. The optimum temperature for the biomass production was observed at 30°C, but the algae could maintain at least 66% of the highest production between 20°C and 35°C. The optimum salinity for the biomass production was 25, but the algae could maintain at least 22% of the highest production between 10 and 30. Both light intensity and photoperiod affected the algal biomass production, and the minimum light requirement was considered 100 μmol m−2•s−1 for 6 hours to maintain the biomass production and nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) absorption. Throughout all the experiments, the N and P absorption increased with the biomass production, but the ratio of N and P to the biomass exponentially decreased with the biomass production. These results showed that C. muelleri is tolerant to the wide range of environmental conditions, absorbing nutrients and producing organic matter. C. muelleri has a great potential to be introduced in the water treatment processes, especially where the temperature and salinity fluctuate.

3

The performance assessment of reverse osmosis stations at Al-Mahalabea area

Ahmed Mohammed F.

Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska

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2020

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Vol. 29, No. 3

332--342

EN

The present study assesses RO stations at four sites in Al-Mahalabea area – Nineveh governorate, Iraq during the summer of 2013. The performance of RO stations are ranked by two methods: the Simple Additive Weight (SAW) and the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). Two groups of samples were collected from feed and permeate water for two periods (at zero time of operation and after ten weeks of operation) with eleven parameters for each sample were analysed. The highest overall rejection R efficiency appeared with the first set of parameters more than 90% (SO4, TDS, NO3, TH, and turbidity), while the second set was the least (Cl, Na, and total alkalinity – TA) ranged between 65 and 85%. It is observed that both the SAW and the TOPSIS methods are accurate to predict the performance efficiency.

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Preliminary Phytotoxicity Test on Salinity Against Mangrove Plants of Rhizophora mucronata

Titah Harmin Sulistiyaning, Purwanti Ipung Fitri, Pratikno Herman, Chimayati Rachmi Layina, Handayanu

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2019

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Vol. 20, nr 3

126--134

EN

The phytotechnology concept that is applied for a bio-desalination reactor become a new desalination technology. The desalination technology can be called as bio-desalination technology to remove ions of Na+ and Cl- in brackish or saline water using mangrove plant. Before the mangrove plants were used in bio-desalination technology, the preliminary phytotoxicity test was conducted. The purpose was to determine the salinity concentration at which the mangrove species of Rhizophora mucronata can survive. The preliminary phytotoxicty test was carried out using a plastic reactor that was designed as a reed bed system. The reactors filled with gravel, sand, and artificial saline water. The variation of the NaCl concentrations were 0 mg/L as control, 10,000; 20,000; 30,000; 40,000, and 50,000 mg/L. The physical observation of the survival condition of Rhizophora mucronata was carried out during the preliminary test for 7 days. The analysis of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) on Rhizophora mucronata was conducted at the end of exposure. The results showed that Rhizophora mucronata could not survive at the concentrations of 40,000 and 50,000 mg/L. Rhizophora mucronata changed the color of the leaves to brown and the stems become softer. Multiple cell damage and the decreasing trend of sodium and chloride amounts occured on roots and stems at the salinity concentration of 50,000 mg/L. In conclusion, the high of salinity concentration (> 30,000 mg/L) can be toxic to Rhizophora mucronata.

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Microorganisms associated with charophytes under different salinity conditions

Kataržytė M., Vaičiūtė D., Bučas M., Gyraitė G., Petkuvienė J.

Oceanologia

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2017

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No. 59 (2)

177--186

EN

Microorganisms associated with aquatic macrophytes can in various ways interact with a plant and influence its activity and vice versa. A low-salinity intrusion into freshwater environment can affect plant-microorganism interactions. In this study, effects of different salinity conditions on the abundance and community composition of associated microorganisms with charophytes in the Curonian Lagoon were assessed. From the results, we found that short term salinity changes affected the abundance of bacteria and fungi associated with charophytes, whereas no response was reflected in the taxa composition of fungi, showing that other factors could be of more importance. The increased fungi abundances and different fungi composition in August in comparison to June was probably related to senescence process of aquatic vegetation. 8 fungi taxa were isolated and identified in association with charophytes, while higher diversity was revealed by DGGE technique.

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Non-indigenous bivalve - the Atlantic rangia Rangia cuneata - in the Wisła Śmiała River (coastal waters of the Gulf of Gdańsk, the southern Baltic Sea)

Janas U., Kendzierska H., Dąbrowska A. H., Dziubińska A.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2014

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Vol. 43, No. 4

427--430

EN

The present paper reports on the occurrence of the Atlantic rangia Rangia cuneata in the Wisła Śmiała River (coastal waters of the Gulf of Gdańsk, the southern Baltic Sea) from around 2012–2014.

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First report of endosymbionts in Dreissena polymorpha from the brackish Curonian Lagoon, SE Baltic Sea

Chuševe R., Mastitsky S. E., Zaiko A.

Oceanologia

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2012

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No. 54 (4)

701-713

EN

We report the first results of a parasitological study of Dreissena polymorpha (zebra mussels) from the brackish Curonian Lagoon, SE Baltic Sea. Zebra mussels were collected monthly from May to October 2011 from a site near the mouth of the River Nemunas. Three types of endosymbionts were found in the mantle cavity and visceral mass of the molluscs during dissections, i.e. the commensal ciliate Conchophthirus acuminatus and parasitic ciliate Ophryoglena sp., and rarely encountered, unidentified nematodes. The abundances of C. cuminatus and Ophryoglena sp. were positively associated with host shell length and water temperature, but no effect of water salinity was detected. As the endosymbionts are either highly host-specific to zebra mussels (C. acuminatus and Ophryoglena sp.) or are probably free-living organisms that inadvertently infect the molluscs (nematodes), we conclude that the presence of D. polymorpha in the Curonian Lagoon does not pose any serious parasitological risk to native biota. We emphasize, however, that this conclusion should be treated with caution as it is based on a study conducted only at a single location. Our work extends the currently scarce records of D. polymorpha parasites and commensals from brackish waters, and adds to a better understanding of the ecological impact this highly invasive mollusc causes in the areas it has invaded.

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Checklist and annotated bibliography of Recent Foraminiferida from the German Baltic Sea coast

Frenzel P., Tech T., Bartholdy J.

Studia Geologica Polonica

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2005

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Vol. 124

67-86

EN

There are 96 Recent foraminiferal species reported from the German sector of the Baltic Sea. All are benthic taxa. Most species are agglutinated forms, reflecting the brackish water conditions of the southern Baltic Sea. Decreasing diversity is visible following the salinity gradient along the coast from the west to the east. The associations of the deeper water below the halocline and of shallow water above are very different with higher diversity in the deeper water. A complete species list and annotated bibliography for Recent foraminiferal species from the brackish water of the German Baltic Sea coast are presented.