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The influence of chronic supply of vanadium compounds on organ weights and body mass in animal diabetes model (NZO)

Krośniak Mirosław, Szklarzewicz Janusz, Gryboś Ryszard, Tatar Barbara, Yildirim Metin, Sahin Bilge, Yuksek Nafize Didem, Ustundag Mustafa

Science, Technology and Innovation

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2019

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Vol. 4, no. 1

63--73

EN

Vanadium is an element that has an effect on improving glucose levels in animals with diabetes. However, its operation is strongly dependent on the chemical structure of compounds of this element. The influence of newly synthesized vanadium compounds on biochemical processes is also unknown. The paper presents the influence of eight new vanadium compounds on organ weights of animals (mice NZO) in whom diabetes was induced by a high-fat diet during 8 weeks. Tested vanadium complexes were administered by 5 weeks. After this time organs were collected and weighed. Tested complexes had a remarkable different effect on organ weights, despite having similar composition ([VO(L)(phen)] and the same co-ligand (1,10-phenanthroline) . This indicate on separate metabolic pathways of these compounds in the body of tested animals and role of the tridentate L Schiff base ligands. The compounds C2, C3 and C5 shoved biggest influence on organs weight and these results suggest influence on the metabolic pathways and therefore are interesting for further investigations.

2

Quiet standing postural sway of 10- to 13-year-old, national-level, female acrobatic gymnasts

Opala-Berdzik A., Głowacka M., Wilusz K., Kołacz P., Szydło K., Juras G.

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

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2018

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Vol. 20, no. 2

117--123

EN

Purpose: The aim of the study was to determine whether 10- to 13-year-old, national-level, female acrobatic gymnasts present a different quiet standing postural control (with and without visual cues) than untrained female peers. Methods: The mean velocity of the center of pressure (in anterior-posterior and medial-lateral directions) was computed from 60-s long quiet-standing trials on a stationary force plate in fifteen 10- to 13-year-old female acrobatic gymnasts and thirteen sex- and age-matched non-athletes. A two-way repeated measures ANOVA (acrobatic gymnasts vs. non-athletes and eyes open vs. eyes closed) was used for the anterior-posterior and mediallateral COP mean velocity. The relation between subjects’ body mass and COP mean velocity was tested with the used Spearman’s Rank Correlation Coefficient. Results: Postural sway (represented by COP mean velocity) was not significantly different between the acrobatic gymnasts and the non-athletes ( p > 0.05), except for the faster medial-lateral sway in eyes-open conditions in the acrobatic gymnasts ( p < 0.05). The gymnasts’ body mass negatively correlated with their anterior-posterior sway velocity in both visual conditions (eyes open: r = –0.7; eyes closed: r = –0.6) and with medial-lateral sway velocity during eyes-closed trials (r = –0.5; p < 0.05). Conclusions: Results of the study indicate that in quiet standing postural control 10- to 13-year-old acrobatic gymnasts did not make use of their trained abilities. Heavier gymnasts might have been more stable than lighter ones during quiet standing.

3

Changes in the body composition of Velvet Scoters (Melanitta fusca) wintering in the Gulf of Gdańsk

Meissner W., Fischer I., Bzoma S.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2012

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Vol. 41, No. 3

11-16

EN

Body mass and body composition of 27 adult Velvet Scoters (Melanitta fusca) were studied. These birds were collected from January to March in the Gulf of Gdańsk, Poland. Body mass, fat, and protein contents of both males and females decreased significantly between mid and late winter, possibly because of a physiological process or a result of worsening environmental conditions. In mid-winter, the mean body mass of males and females did not differ significantly, whereas in late winter the difference in body mass between sexes became prominent. There was no difference in fat mass between the sexes, but females had higher lipid indexes despite their smaller size. The lack of expected fat mass increase in late winter may be due to the spring migration strategy of Velvet Scoters, which apparently opt to fly short distances rather than make long non-stop flights after departure from the Gulf of Gdańsk. Body mass was the best predictor of fat mass accumulated by Velvet Scoters wintering in the Gulf of Gdańsk.

4

Effects of forested strips on spider assemblages in adjacent cereal fields: dispersal activity of spiders

Kajak A.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2007

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Vol. 55, nr 4

691-704

EN

Spiders are important components of agricultural ecosystems as far as they affect markedly the abundance of crop pests. The objective of the study was to determine whether the planting of forested strips (shelterbelts) in agricultural area enhances the biomass of spiders active on soil surface of cereal fields and if the exchange of individuals between these habitats depends on the age of trees. The investigations were carried on in 2000 and repeated in 2003/2004 along transects across young shelterbelts (2 -11 years old) - ecotones - fields. In the second period the 150 years old forest strip was included into the study. So altogether in both periods the study was performed in the strip-managed area in forested strips 2, 6, 7, 11, and 150 years old, adjacent cereal fields and in the control field located in a deforested area. The intensity of patrolling (number of individuals captured per trap per day) the soil surface by spiders was investigated using pitfall traps forming lines parallel to the shelterbelt. The results of both investigation periods show, that forested strips increased the biomass of patrolling spiders (BP - biomass of spiders per trap per day) in the fields. It was higher in the fields located in the strip-managed area than in the deforested area by ca 70%. The BP decreased gradually with the increasing distance from the strips. Differences between the strip and the field at a distance of 50 m were significant (two-way ANOVA, post hoc Turkey test). The reason for the higher BP in the fields adjacent to forested strips was mainly the dispersal of large spiders from strips to adjacent fields. Dispersal is high between the very young strip and the field and low between the oldest strip and the field. The group of forest inhabiting species accounted for 0.3-0.5% of the total number of spiders in the field located in deforested area. In the fields adjacent to young shelterbelts this proportion increases with the strips age from 1 to 6%. But in the field bordering the oldest forest strip it is low again and accounted for 1.4%. In this field the proportion of agrobionts is almost as high (94%) as in the field located in deforested area (98%). Similarly the species diversity was very low. The mean individual body mass of spiders from all the fields located in the strip-managed area was 2.7 times higher than in the control field (P<0.001). It can be concluded, that in the old forest strips the number of species, which don.t disperse to surrounding, increases. This conclusion may be important for landscape management.

5

Local warming about 1,3°C in alpine meadow has no effect on root vole (Microtus oeconomus L.) population during winter

Sun P., Zhao X., Klein J. A., Wei W.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2005

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Vol. 53, nr 1

123-127

EN

The influence of air and soil warming on root vole (Microtus oeconomicus L.) population was studied in winter period in top open chambers (OTC) (0,8-1,8 m2) warmed byy conical fiberglass material and situated in alpine meadow (33250 m) at Quinghai-Tibet Plateau, China. The OTCs were distributed on an area of 30x30 m of experimental warming site; another site of the same area was a control one. The root vole population was investigated on two pairs of sites in "low-grazing" (by sheep) parts of the meadow; mark-recapture method was used. The winter-season averaged air and soil temperature inside of the chambers were 1.3°C higher than the temperature outside the chambers. The warming in the chambers had no statistically significant effect on root vole numbers, on average body mass of individual, and on average body mass of males and females. In conclusion, as small as 1.33°C warming of soil and air introduced locally and on small (several m2) scale, in the alpine meadow habitat in winter period, has possibly no effect on root vole numbers and biomass.

6

Ocena wpływu konserwantu E-251 i E-252 na masę ciała, plenność oraz dziedziczenie płci muszki owocowej Drosophila melanogaster (Meigen)

Mitrus J., Stankiewicz C., Steć E., Kamecki M., Walo P.

Chemistry-Didactics-Ecology-Metrology

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2004

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R. 9, NR 1-2

99--104

PL

W doświadczeniu laboratoryjnym badano wpływ różnych dawek konserwantu E-251 (azotan sodu) oraz E-252 (azotan potasowy) na biologię muszki owocowej. Zastosowano trzy stężenia użytych w eksperymencie dodatków do żywności. Z analizy danych wynika, iż konserwanty te nie wpływały na plenność samic, masę ciała oraz strukturę płci Drosophila melanogaster.

EN

The influence of different doses of additives to food E 251 (sodium nitrate) E 252 (potassium nitrate) on the midge biology was studied in laboratory experiment. Three concentration of applied additives to food was used in experiment. The obtained data have shown that these preservatives not influenced on fecundity of females, body mass and heredity of sex.

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Ocena wpływu związków powierzchniowo czynnych zawartych w wybranych płynach do mycia naczyń na rozwój, plenność i masę ciała muszki owocowej DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER

Mitrus J., Stankiewicz C., Steć E.

Chemia i Inżynieria Ekologiczna

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1998

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Vol. 5, nr 5-6

451-462

PL

W trzyletnim doświadczeniu (1994-1997) laboratoryjnym badano wpływ detergentów zawartych w płynach Ludwik, Kop, Floren, Brio, Sunlicht i E na biologię muszki owocowej. W eksperymencie brano pod uwagę dwa stężenia każdego z płynów. Z analizy danych wynika, iż detergenty z płynów Floren i Brio działają hamująco na rozwój owadów badanego szczepu. Może to świadczyć o pewnej toksyczności tych płynów.

EN

In the three-year (1995-1997) laboratory experiment effect of detergents from cleaning liquids Ludwik, Kop, Floren, Brio, Sunlicht and E on the midge reproductive biology was examined. Each liquid was used in two concentrations. The detergents from liquids Floren and Brio inhibited development of midge that probably demanstrates the toxic character of these liquids.