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In vitro micronucleus test assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Żelazna K., Rudnicka K., Tejs S.

Environmental Biotechnology

2011

Vol. 7, No. 2

70-80

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) can be dangerous due to their genotoxic properties and the formation of DNA adducts in the target organs. The increasing number of environmental pollutants containing polycyclic aromatic compounds requires the use of inexpensive and relatively quick assays enabling evaluation of potential genotoxicity of chemicals. Therefore, the in vitro micronucleus assay (MN) has been developed as a rapid screening test based on measuring and counting the micronuclei in various cells subjected to the examined compound. Combined with the cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) technique and the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assay, it also enables classification of compound mutagenic activity into aneugenic or clastogenic categories, the identification of the mechanism of MNi formation and the estimation of malsegregations of chromosomes amongst the two nuclei in binucleated cells. The combination of these different approaches is very useful in performing risk assessments of PAH with threshold types of dose responses.