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Ethological Changes and Teratogenesis of Model Organisms as an Indicator of Biotesting of the Electromagnetic Radiation Influence

Wójcik Waldemar, Kalizhanova Aliya, Sakun Oksana A., Nykyforov Volodymyr V., Nykyforova Larysa E., Nahorniak Svitlana V., Kistion Volodymyr Ev., Shevchenko Liudmyla S., Yesmakhanova Laura, Junisbekov Mukhtar, Orazbekov Zhaslan, Turgantarova Aigul

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 23, nr 7

42--49

EN

With the development of information technology, electromagnetic radiation becomes a tangible view of the physical (wave) environmental pollution. Modern scientific research aimed at the components of the elec tromagnetic environment pollution problems mainly involves the anthropocentric approach. There is no procedure for determining the influence of harmful physical factors on biota, in particular in terms of water (Daphnia magna Straus) and air (Drosophila melanogaster L.) environments. A clear system of rationing of maximum permissible levels of electromagnetic radiation, including volume and ecosystems protected areas has not been developed. The article considers the relevant scientific and practical problem of creating a framework for assessing and predicting the negative impact of electromagnetic radiation on the biota related to ethological changes and teratogenesis. The characteristic of all the constituent elements of the system determines the degree of the negative impact of the induction of the magnetic field on the biota: activity, mortality; reproduction; availability, and frequency of Teratology. A method for determining the activity levels of Daphnia and Drosophila total average activity biota was developed and described. The trajectory patterns of Daphnia motion at low activity in the state of stability, with increased activity in the excited state, were created. The results of the research on the negative impact of electromagnetic radiation of industrial frequency on biota were presented. The critical levels of the magnetic field and noise pollution, which cause the depletion and destruction of the test object, the relationship between ethological changes and the occurrence of mutations depending on radiation levels were determined. The biological test objects were proven to minimize the error of the results of determination of electromagnetic effects on the biota, in comparison with the mathematical methods of research.

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The Usage of Plant Test Systems for the Determination of Phytotoxicity of Contaminated with Petroleum Products Soil

Cherniak Larysa, Mikhyeyev Oleksandr, Madzhd Svitlana, Lapan Oksana, Dmytrukha Tetyana, Korniienko Iryna

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2021

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Vol. 22, nr 6

66--71

EN

The level of phytotoxicity of the soil samples artificially contaminated with the aviation kerosene was determined in the work. The dependences of the growth characteristics of the plant test system (flax) on the excess of the approximate permissible concentrations (APC) of the oil product concentration in the soil were identified. The change in the mass of raw material depending on the level of aviation kerosene contamination of soil samples was determined. A decrease in the plant growth activity with an increase in the content of aviation fuel in the soil was established. It was found that there is a hormesis effect at certain concentrations of aviation kerosene in the soil. The comparison of the concentration dependences of the action of petroleum products on the growth rates of seedlings and their dependence on the distance to the source of pollution allowed in the latter case to conduct a kind of “dosimetry” on exposure concentrations when the petroleum product concentration was not determined.

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Analysis of Petroleum Biodegradation by a Bacterial Consortium of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ssp. Plantarum and Bacillus subtilis

Nedoroda Vladyslav, Trokhymenko Ganna, Khrapko Taras, Koliehova Anastasiia

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2021

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Vol. 22, nr 11

36--42

EN

Features of change of phytotoxic influence of the soil polluted with oil at the use of a complex biological product based on strains of microorganisms Bacillus amyloliquefaciens subsp. plantarum NSh-2 and Bacillus subtilis NSh-4 in the laboratory were investigated. The level of destruction of petroleum hydrocarbons at different combinations of pollutant and biological product concentrations was determined, as well as in the absence of oil pollution to ensure the assessment of the biological product’s impact on the environment. Soil phytotoxicity was assessed by the method of biotesting using radish seeds of the Sora variety by the ratio of seedling height and the obtained mass of organic matter.

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Investigation of Waste Properties of Subway Construction as a Potential Component of Soil Layer

Ivanov A. V., Smirnov Y. D., Petrov G. I.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2018

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Vol. 19, nr 5

59--69

EN

The construction of subway stations is inevitably accompanied by the formation of a large amount of waste that is extracted from the underground workings by rock. When the waste is transported, the air is polluted with the exhaust gases of the dump trucks, some of the waste can stay on the road surface, the use of dump trucks increases the load on the roadway, the disposal of waste at landfills harms the environment, and enterprises pay fees for the transportation as well as placement of the waste. The article deals with the waste from the construction of new stations in the Saint-Petersburg subway. In order to determine the possibility of using waste in the municipal economy, a comprehensive analysis of this waste was carried out, including determination of moisture content, acidity, total carbon content, as well as chemical and granulometric composition. On the basis of the study results, it was established that the waste in question belongs to the hazard class 5, which enables to use it as a component of the soil mixture. Afterwards, the hazard class 5 was confirmed by the method of bioassay based on the determination of water toxicity by changing the optical density of the Chlorella algae culture.