Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Preliminary Investigation of Bioplastics from Durian Seed Starch Recovery Using PEG 400 for Reducing Marine Debris

Apriani Mirna, Cahyono Luqman, Utomo Agung Prasetyo, Nugraha Anggara Trisna, Alfira Dwi Cahya Ningrum

Journal of Ecological Engineering

|

2022

|

Vol. 23, nr 2

12--17

EN

Plastic is a source of pollution both on land and sea that can disrupt balance of the ecosystem. The characteristic of plastic as a material is difficult to decompose causing problems for environment. Various research needed to produce bioplastics that easily biodegradable in about 60 days. Biodegradable plastics are made from organic materials in the form of starch. Durian seed starch is one of the potential raw materials that can be used as bioplastics. Durian fruit is one of the typical fruits in Indonesia, at present seeds of durian had not been used as raw materials to produce object with economic values. It is necessary to combine the processing of durian seeds through a recovery approach in the form of processing into bioplastics. The aim of study is to analyze the effect of adding PEG 400 as a plasticizer plus calcium carbonate as a solidifier. Tests were carried out on swelling ability, acid and base resistance, tensile strength and biodegradation. The variation of the addition of PEG 400 is 4%; 30%; 50% and 70% were carried out to analyze the effect of different concentrations of plasticizers. None of the tensile test results met SNI 7188-11:2018 but all variations had biodegradation values according to SNI 7188-11:2018. Swelling test resulted from 4% and 30% are 1.2% and 2.1% respectively.

2

Decomposition of Single-use Products Made of Bioplastic under Real Conditions of Urban Composting Facility

Báreková Anna, Demovičová Martina, Tátošová Lucia, Danišová Lucia, Medlenová Elena, Hlaváčiková Slávka

Journal of Ecological Engineering

|

2021

|

Vol. 22, nr 4

265--272

EN

According to Directive (EU) 2019/904 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 5 June 2019, single-use plastic cutlery, cotton buds, straws and stirrers will be banned in the member states of EU from summer 2021 onwards. Many of them are being replaced by compostable products. The aim of the research was to assess the biological disintegration of selected single-use products under real conditions of urban composting facility. All tested products are established for the Slovak market as 100% compostable by a composting facility. The eight selected products from five different producers were placed into a composting pile of the urban composting facility for 12 weeks. The samples were visually inspected on a regular basis. Temperature and humidity of the pile were continuously measured at the same time. Three samples from each kind of tested product were analyzed, 3 pieces of filter paper were used as the reference samples. The research showed that all tested products were completely or partially disintegrated during the considered period. The average degree of the disintegration of 90% was not reached for one producer only.

3

Zastosowanie biotworzyw w przemyśle spożywczym

Pawlicka Marzena, Mazańska Małgorzata, Postupolski Jacek

Przemysł Spożywczy

|

2019

|

T. 73, nr 2

56--58

PL

W artykule omówiono biotworzywa istotne dla przemysłu spożywczego wraz z ich właściwościami i możliwymi zastosowaniami. Omówiono definicje kompostowalności, biodegradowalności oraz oksy-biodegradowalności. Przedstawiono kwestie związane z toksycznością biotworzyw oraz wymaganiami prawnymi, jakie muszą spełniać, aby mogły być stosowane w Unii Europejskiej w kontakcie z żywnością.

EN

The article discusses bioplastics, essential for the food industry, with their properties and possible applications. The definitions of compostability, biodegradability and oxy-biodegradability are discussed. Issues related to the toxicity of bioplastics and legal requirements that must be met in order to be used in contact with food in the European Union are presented.

4

Bioplastic packaging materials in circular economy

Dobrucka Renata

LogForum

|

2019

|

Vol. 15, no. 1

129--137

EN

Background: The European strategy for plastics focuses on adjusting the EU regulations to the fulfilment of circular economy tasks. Circular economy is an approach that will soon lead to considerable changes in numerous branches of modern economy. To a large extent, they will also affect the packaging industry. Methods: A particular interest has been attracted by aliphatic polyesters such as polylactide (PLA) and polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA). This work presents the bioplastic market and the selected examples of the latest solutions in bioplastic packaging materials. In the near future, the presented bioplastics have a chance to become some of the most desirable packaging materials Results and conclusion: Bioplastics seem to be an alternative to conventional plastics used for packaging production. As the focus shifts to creation of sustainable environment and prevention of plastic waste disposal in the environment, the production of bioplastics has gained much attention due to their biodegradability.

PL

Wstęp: Europejska strategia dotycząca tworzyw sztucznych skupia się na dostosowywaniu unijnych regulacji do realizacji zasad in circular economy. Circular economy to podejście, w ramach którego w niedługim czasie nastąpią znaczące zmiany w wielu gałęziach wspólczesnej gospodarki. Będą one dotyczyły w dużym stopniu branży opakowań. Metody: Duzym zaniteresowaniem cieszą się poliestry alifatyczne jakie jak polilaktyd (PLA) oraz polihydroksyalkaniany (PHA).W niniejszej pracy przedstawiono rynek biotworzyw oraz wybrane przykłady najnowszych rowiązań w zakresie materiałów opakowaniowych z biotworzyw. Przedstawione biotworzywa w niedalekiej przyszłości mają szansę stać się jednym z najbardziej poządanych materiałów opakowaniowych. Wyniki i podsumowanie: Biotworzywa wydają się być alternatywą dla konwencjonalnych tworzyw sztucznych stosowanych do produkcji opakowań. Aby stworzyć zrównoważone środowisko i zapobiec utylizacji odpadów tworzyw sztucznych w środowisku, produkcja biotworzyw zyskała wiele uwagi ze względu na ich podatność na biodegradację.

5

Starch bioplastic film as an alternative food-packaging material

Jeyasubramanian K., Balachander R.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

|

2016

|

Vol. 75, nr 2

78--84

EN

Purpose: To synthesize bioplastics on a small scale from starch available in potato and to study the characteristics of the same when pectin is blended with it. Design/methodology/approach: The bioplastics are fabricated manually using starch extracted from potato and glycerol. Pectin was blended to this combination to synthesize another set of bioplastic films. The characterization of the obtained films were done by FTIR spectroscopy, SEM analysis, water solubility test, water absorption test and biodegradability test. Findings: The synthesized films were found to be physically similar to the commercially available films. However on further study, it was found that the former could not provide adequate strength as compared to the latter though the former could still be used for light duty purposes. The advantage of the former over the latter was that it was found to be degradable. Research limitations/implications: Environment-friendly manufacture of the films on a large scale is yet to be studied upon. Economic and eco-friendly methods to improve the tensile strength of the bioplastics to bring it at par with the commercial plastic films are to be found out. Practical implications: The starch and starch-pectin blend films were found to be water soluble. However, they were also found to absorb water which could be implied as a disadvantage. The main objective of biodegradability was achieved. Originality/value: Though researches are going on in the field of biodegradable films, the addition of pectin to starch to improve the characteristics of degradable films is an area where more research has to be done. This paper inculcates the study of adding pectin to starch and the resulting changes in the characteristics of the starch film.

6

Description of the Yield State of Bioplastics on Examples of Starch-Based Plastics and PLA/PBAT Blends

Fras T., Nishida M., Rusinek A., Pęcherski R. B., Fukuda N.

Engineering Transactions

|

2014

|

Vol. 62, iss. 4

329–-354

EN

The present work concerns the description of the yield state of biodegradable materials. As examples, biodegradable polymers are chosen – cornpole CRP-M2, starch fatty acid ester, and PLA/PBAT, poly(lactic acid) (PLA) blended with poly(butylene adipate/terephthalate) (PBAT) [1, 2]. These biodegradable, plant-derived bioplastics are a promising alternative to petroleum-based plastics. To describe the onset of plasticity in the bioplastics under discussion, Burzyński ’s hypothesis of material effort has been applied [3, 4]. The applied criteria account for the strength differential effect and for the shear correction resulting from the difference between experimental and theoretical values obtained as a result of the Huber-Mises approach [5, 6]. In general, these properties of yield state are characteristic for polymers. The description of yield state for bioplastics is an issue that has hardly been investigated, which illustrates the novel nature of this paper where this topic is discussed.

7

Potencjał biotworzyw

Grochocka M.

Recykling

|

2013

|

nr 11

34

PL

Trzecia międzynarodowa konferencja zorganizowana w ramach projektu PLASTiCE – Przyszłość biotworzyw (The Future of Bioplastics) odbyła się w dniach 1-2 października br. w Warszawie w siedzibie COBRO – Instytutu Badawczego Opakowań. Uczestniczyło w niej ponad 120 osób z 18 krajów.

8

Effect of Dialkyl Peroxide Blending on Tensile Properties of PLA/PBAT Polymer Alloys

Nishida M., Ichihara H., Watanabe H., Fukuda N., Ito H.

Engineering Transactions

|

2012

|

Vol. 60, iss. 2

171-171

EN

Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and poly(butylene adipate/terephthalate) (PBAT) were used for polymer alloys, and the e?ects of the mixing ratio of PLA and PBAT and the addition of dialkyl peroxide (compatibilizing agent) were examined. The stress-strain curves of PLA/PBAT and PLA/PBAT/dialkyl peroxide specimens were measured using a tensile split Hopkinson bar (Kolsky Bar) method and a universal testing machine. The mixing ratio of PLA and PBAT and the dialkyl peroxide addition a?ected the shape of the stress-strain curve behavior. Regardless of the strain rate, the yield stress decreased and the elongation at break and strain energy increased with increasing PBAT content when the dialkyl peroxide was used. At high strain rate, the dialkyl peroxide addition increased the elongation at break and the strain energy, and changed the fracture surface to a whitened form that was markedly uneven. This result could explain the improvement in the Izod impact strength.

9

Surface roughness and diametral consistency of holes drilled into DDGS/phenolic resin blends

Shanafield J., Ofieno A., Tatara R., Schroeder D., Rosentrater K.

Advances in Materials Science

|

2011

|

Vol. 11, nr 4(30)

22-34

EN

In this study, corn-based distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) has been utilized as a filler and blended with phenolic resin. The blends were compression molded into rectangular test specimens, into which holes have been machined using a standard 9.52 mm (3/8 in) diameter, two-fluted twist drill. A series of tests was then conducted to examine the effects of DDGS content, cutting speed, and feed rate upon the surface finish (roughness) of the interior hole slot, as well as the consistency of the drilled hole diameter. DDGS content was 0, 25, 50, and 75%, by weight. Cutting speed was 17, 30, and 46 m/min (55, 100, and 150 ft/min). Feed rate was 0.025, 0.152, and 0.279 mm/rev (0.001, 0.006, and 0.011 in/rev). Results indicate that as the DDGS content increased, roughness exhibited a weak but statistically significant decrease. When the cutting speed increased, roughness increased slightly. However, when feed rate increased, roughness increased at a greater rate than that due to cutting speed. In terms of diametral consistency, the effect of adding DDGS resulted in holes with diameters less than the nominal drill size. As cutting speed increased, the holes tended to be oversized. Based on the cutting speed and feed rate levels used, optimal machining conditions which would reduce roughness occurred for 75% DDGS, cutting speed of 17 m/min (55 ft/min), and feed rate of 0.025 mm/rev (0.001 in/rev). However, to maintain consistent hole diameter, optimal conditions were found to be 40% DDGS, 30 m/min (100 ft/min), and 0.152 mm/rev (0.006 in/rev) and would produce a drilled hole with a diameter of 9.52 mm (0.375 in). As the use of biofillers in plastic composites evolves, it will become increasingly important to examine the machinability of these novel materials.