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Biologically inspired designing and manufacturing of elements with special functional demands - selected examples from automotive and aircraft industry

Ruszaj A., Grzesik W.

Advances in Manufacturing Science and Technology

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2017

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Vol. 41, nr 2

5--16

EN

This paper presents a comprehensive literature survey of the potential applications of bionic achievements related to both design and manufacturing of machine elements with required functional properties. The motivation is that any machine tool or manufacturing process designed even by experienced engineers are not as excellent as the functional behaviour of plants, animals or processes occurring in natural surroundings, i.e, which have been created by nature in the evolution process. Special attention is paid to producing lightweight parts for machine tools and aerospace and automotive applications. The main aspects of design methodology, mathematical modelling, experimental testing and manufacturing are taken into account.

PL

W pracy przedstawiono analizę danych literaturowych kierunkowaną na ocenę możliwości zastosowania osiągnięć bioniki w projektowaniu i wytwarzaniu elementów maszyn o specjalnych właściwościach. Motywacją prowadzenia analizy jest przyjęcie założenia, że zarówno konstrukcja maszyny oraz procesu wytwarzania zaprojektowane nawet przez doświadczonych inżynierów nie są doskonałym w porównaniu do wytworzonych przez naturę. Dotyczy to roślin, zwierząt i procesów występujących w środowisku naturalnym podczas jego ewolucji. Uwagę szczególnie zwrócono na projektowanie lekkich elementów dla przemysłu obrabiarkowego oraz dla lotnictwa i motoryzacji. Przedstawiono również podstawowe zagadnienia metodyki projektowania, modelowania matematycznego, badań doświadczalnych oraz procesów wytwarzania.

2

Application of Voronoi diagrams in contemporary architecture and town planning

Nowak A.

Challenges of Modern Technology

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2015

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Vol. 6, no. 2

30--34

EN

Modern design methods rely increasingly on understanding the nature of processes and principles of self-organization of biological structures and their representation using mathematical models that may apply in technology, including architecture. As a result, bionic design elements play a more meaningful role in shaping contemporary architecture and urban planning. The development of computer technology has made it possible to create more complex and complicated structures and surfaces inspired by natural forms. The inspiration for the discretization of the surface, using the Voronoi diagram, as seen in the honeycomb structure or the dragonfly wing, is increasingly applied in shaping the elevation of contemporary buildings. As a mathematical problem, the division of space fascinates scientists as well as architects. Consequently, architects use the spatial Voronoi cells also in shaping the structural forms. Today Voronoi diagrams are an important source of inspiration for architects and urban planners as a surface discretization method and a way of creating structural elements or spatial forms and as flooring patterns in urban projects. The use of mathematical models represent the structure and organization of the forms found in nature, which is increasingly used in the multidisciplinary architectural design. The design of the structures and elements both in architecture and urban planning using methods of computational geometry makes new opportunities for architectural and urban projects as seen by the Voronoi tessellation.

3

Analysis of bionic films using finite element method

Wang J., Lan W.

International Journal of Applied Mechanics and Engineering

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2002

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Vol. 7, Spec. is

203-208

EN

Bionic coatings have wonderful mechanical properties, and are used in micro-electronic mechanical systems (MEMS) as a method to prolong their service lives. The authors studied the design process and performances of a kind of bionic coatings. The mechanical properties of different integrated coatings were analyzed with a finite element method. Two kinds of systems, i) with gradient coatings and ii) with integrated coatings, were studied. The results of stress distribution show that systems with the integrated coatings have more advantages over the gradient coating systems. And the effects of friction on subsurface stress field were also analyzed.