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Local Ecotypes of Roe Deer Populations (Capreolus capreolus L.) in Relation to Morphometric Features and Fur Colouration in the Centre of the Iberian Peninsula

Horcajada-Sánchez F., Barja I.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2016

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Vol. 64, nr 1

113--124

EN

The extent of the area occupied by populations of roe deer and the diversity of environments in which it lives, determine the existence of different local forms or ecotypes. In order to characterize the populations of the Guadarrama Mountains in the centre of the Iberian Peninsula we examined the morphology and fur colouration of 154 roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) based on their body size, age and sex. To determine the age of roe deer, we analyzed tooth cementum layers (incisor I1) to observe the growth lines. The remaining individual data (body size, sex and fur colouration) were obtained in the field, from animals hunted in the study area. In adult individuals, the average body weight in males was significantly higher than in females, being these weight ranges similar to those of the Iberian Peninsula and the rest of Europe. Body measurements were positively related to individuals age, but only significant differences in body girth were found between males and females. The analysis of fur colouration of dead specimens showed a high variability with four different ecotypes during the summer coat and not significant differences were found in the body size between individuals with different summer coats. The morphological parameters described in the roe deer of the Guadarrama Mountains do not correspond with the latitudinal gradient as it was indicated for other Spanish populations. However, the existence of Pleistocene refuges in the central mountains of the Iberian Peninsula seems to have provided a high variety of ecotypes in relation to fur colouration in the populations of Guadarrama Mountains.

2

Rejestracja i ocena parametrów biometrycznych kierowcy dla poprawy bezpieczeństwa ruchu drogowego

Mitas A., Czapla Z., Bugdol M., Ryguła A.

Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska

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2010

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z. 66

71-79

PL

Celem artykułu jest opracowanie algorytmów reakcji biometrycznej kierowcy, związanej ze zmianą jego stanu emocjonalnego, która w sposób jednoznaczny wpływa na bezpieczeństwo w ruchu drogowym. Głównym założeniem merytorycznym jest twierdzenie, iż stan psychofizyczny kierowcy ma bezpośrednie przełożenie na wskaźniki biometryczne, wyznaczane za pomocą dostępnej aparatury pomiarowej.

EN

The aim of this paper is to elaborate driver's biometrical reaction algorithms connected with the change of his emotional state, which unambiguously affects the traffic safety. The main assumption of the paper is the statement that driver's psycho-physiological state has a direct impact on biometrical indicators which are measured with available equipment.

3

Influence of urban environment on selected biometric parameters of maple (Acer platanoides L.)

Malinowska K.

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. A

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2008

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Vol. 15, nr 4-5

369-375

EN

The changes of biometric parameters of maple growing in the urban environment of Gdynia and Gdańsk can be seen quite clearly. Among the examined biometric parameters of Acer platanoides the length of one-year-old long shoot, the number of leaves and the dry weight of leaves on a year 's gain were distinctly smaller in the centre of the city than in the trees from the control area. The values of such parameters as the length of leaf stalk and the distance between the pairs of leaves on a year's gain do not reflect the effect of environment conditions on the growth of Acer platanoides.

PL

Zmiany parametrów biometrycznych klonu zwyczajnego rosnącego w środowisku miejskim Gdyni i Gdańska obserwuje się dość wyraźnie. Spośród badanych parametrów biometrycznych Acer platanoides: długość rocznego długopędu, liczba liści oraz sucha masa liści na rocznym przyroście była znacznie mniejsza w centrum miasta niż u drzew z terenu kontrolnego. Wartości takich parametrów, jak: długość ogonka liściowego oraz odległość między parami liści na rocznym przyroście nie odzwierciedlają wpływu warunków środowiska na wzrost Acer plaranoides.

4

Individual and population parameters of Carex pilosa Scop. (Cyperaceae) in four forest sites in Western Carpathians (Slovakia)

Kuklová M., Kukla J., Schieber B.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2005

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Vol. 53, nr 3

427-434

EN

The sedge Carex pilosa Scop. was studied in beech forest sites situated on 470 m a.s.l. (Kremnické Vrchy Mts), 1290 m a.s.l. (Poľana Mts), 1275 m a.s.l. (Vtáčnik Mts) and 1170 m a.s.l. (Veľká Fatra Mts) in the western Carpathians (Central Slovakia). The degree of leaf necrotisation was considerably lower in site Kremnické Vrchy Mts. The shortest mean length of shoots was observed in the Polana Mts (27.3 cm) and the Kremnické Vrchy Mts (36.6 cm), i.e. in forest sites with lack of light in herb layer, the longest in the Veľká Fatra Mts (43.1 cm) and the Vtáčnik Mts (48.8 cm) with looser canopy of forest stands. The mean density of shoots (222> 211> 181> 26 per 1m2), aboveground weight of a one shoot (0.386> 0.345> 0.303> 0.166 g), phytomass (85.7> 72.8> 54.8> 6.2 g m2) and energy storage (1669.4> 1326.5> 1052.8> 119.1 kJm2) of Carex pilosa populations decreased in the following order according the sites: Vtáčnik Mts> Kremnické Vrchy Mts> Vel'ka Fatra Mts> Pol'ana Mts.Diffrent sequence was in case of the mean energy content: Vtáčnik Mts> Pol'ana Mts> Veľká Fatra Mts> Kremnické Vrchy Mts. Significant differences in mean shoot length were found between Carex pilosa population growing in lowest site (Kremnické Vrchy Mts) and populations growing in highest sites (Vtáčnik Mts, Veľká Fatra Mts) with different climatic conditions. The energy content was distinctively higher in the case of the highest situated plots (19.21.19.48 kJ g-1) in comparison with the lowest situated site at the Kremnické Vrchy Mts (18.22 kJ g-1). The insignificant differences were found only between the Pol'ana Mts and Veľká Fatra Mts plots. Differences in the mean shoot weight were insignificant.