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1

Drzewa przydrożne w gminie Buczkowice (województwo śląskie)

Pietraszko Ewa

Polish Journal of Materials and Environmental Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 3 (23)

28--43

EN

The research consisted of inventory and health status assessment of 105 roadside trees growing along Voivodeship Road 942 (Buczkowice commune, Silesian Voivodeship). During the study, dendrometric data, such as: tree height, circumference and diameter at the base and at the breast height, crown height, height to first branches, crown span and its shape were collected. Roadside trees, on the one hand, are aesthetic element of road surroundings responsible for environmental and protective functions, and on the other they effect on the safety of road users. Taking this into consideration, it is necessary to take care of regularity of maintenance activities and treatments to ensure proper trees health. At the same time, the proximity of the road may lead to need to remove some trees – e.g. during modernization and construction works related to road infrastructure. Roadside trees in the Buczkowice commune belonged to 13 species, among which 10 were deciduous tree species and 3 were coniferous species. The most numerous were black poplars cultivar ‘Italica’ (Populus nigra L. ‘Italica’, 21 specimens). Two invasive alien species (green ash Fraxinus pennsylvanica and black locust Robinia pseudoacacia) were found with a total number of 15. Three trees had circumference that corresponded to the circumference of monumental trees (two sycamores Acer pseudoplatanus and one black alder Alnus glutinosa). Trees health condition was based on presence of trunk and crown damage. Specifically, 53 of the examined roadside trees had satisfactory, 37 – average, 9 – good and 6 – poor health condition. In order to keep trees in good health, regular conservation and protection treatments are recommended. It was noted that such actions can help reduce the risk to road safety. The main threats to roadside trees were also indicated (collisions with vehicles, increase in salinity due to the use of chemicals to prevent road icing during winter and waste deposited around trees). In addition, the quantitative status of roadside trees in 2018 and 2022 were compared. Before 2022, 46 trees were removed as a result of road investments involving the construction of ring road of Buczkowice, sidewalk and bicycle path.

2

What Can We Learn from Monitoring of Monumental Trees – A Case Study of the Jasienica and Jaworze Communes (Silesia, South Poland)

Pietraszko Ewa, Żarnowiec Jan, Szafran Sylwia, Zalot Tomasz, Dziergas Grzegorz, Jarosz Przemysław

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 23, nr 6

129--138

EN

The data of monitoring of natural monuments in the Jasienica and Jaworze communes (Silesian Voivodeship) deriving from 1999, 2008 and 2019 were compared between the periods and communes. The conducted studies involved determining metric data (including tree height and diameter at breast height – DBH) and assessing health condition of monumental trees. A total of 65 trees were included in the research from 2019, dominated by Quercus robur (28 specimens) and Tilia cordata (9). The health condition of trees was the result of the damage that occurred. Monumental trees in the Jasienica commune were characterized by average (60%) or poor (40%) health condition. In the Jaworze commune, merely 14% of trees have poor state of health. The remaining trees were in average (38%), satisfactory (26%) and good (22%) health condition.

3

The biological monitoring as a source of information on environmental pollution with heavy metals

Wacławek Maria, Świsłowski Paweł, Rajfur Małgorzata

Chemistry-Didactics-Ecology-Metrology

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2022

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R. 27, NR 1-2

53--78

EN

The influence of environmental pollution on living organisms has been known for a long time, but it was not until the second half of the twentieth century that methodical studies on the influence of anthropopressure on changes in ecosystems began. Living organisms began to be used as biological indicators of environmental pollution. Cyclical and quantitative studies of pollutant concentrations in bioaccumulators have become the basis of modern biological monitoring (biomonitoring) of environmental pollution. Biomonitoring studies are carried out with the passive method (passive biomonitoring), in which living organisms occurring in their natural environment are analysed, and with active methods (active biomonitoring), in which, for example, plants living in the environment with low pollution are transferred and displayed in more polluted ecosystems e.g. heavy metals. The analysis of trace elements, including heavy metals accumulated in algae, mosses and lichens used in biological monitoring provides a lot of information on, among others concentration and origin of pollutants and the directions of their spread. Biomonitoring is used to assess the level of contamination of selected ecosystems, as well as the impact of individual emitters on the environment. An important element in determining the concentrations of trace elements in biological material used in biomonitoring is the proper planning of the experiment, taking into account, among others: methods of collecting or exposing samples, selection of analytical methods and methods of evaluation and interpretation of results. The aim of the presented long-term research, conducted by the Research Team of the Institute of Biology of the University of Opole, was to show that analytical techniques using biota samples can provide reliable data on the past, present and future state of the environment. However, it should be remembered that in order for the results of biomonitoring studies to be reliable and comparable, the applied research methodologies should be consistent and repeatable. In the presented research, Palmaria palmata and Spirogyra sp. algae, Pleurozium schreberi mosses, Hypogymnia physodes and bark of deciduous trees were used. In samples of biological material by the method of atomic absorption spectrometry, the concentrations of heavy metals, including Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb, were determined. On the basis of the conducted research, it was unequivocally stated that the biomonitoring methods are a good complement to the classic methods of environmental quality assessment. The analysis of the elements accumulated in the biological material provides us with information about the quality of the examined ecosystems, the introduced pollutants and their potential sources. This information allows for the introduction of effective measures to improve the quality of the environment.

4

Badanie SARS-CoV-2 w ściekach - system wczesnego ostrzegania w Lublinie

Wójcik Jakub, Słowik Alicja, Żytyński Tomasz

Forum Eksploatatora

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2021

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Nr 5 (116)

16-17

PL

Gmina Lublin, Miejskie Przedsiębiorstwo Wodociągów i Kanalizacji w Lublinie, Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej w Lublinie oraz spółka Nexbio podjęły współpracę badawczo-rozwojową, która obejmuje monitoring biologiczno-chemiczny lubelskich ścieków pod kątem obecności w nich wirusa SARS-CoV-2.

5

Interdyscyplinarne badania i nowoczesna aparatura - laboratoria Centrum Metod Separacyjnych i Bioanalitycznych

Buszewski B., Rudnicka J.

Laboratorium - Przegląd Ogólnopolski

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2017

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nr 3-4

21--24

PL

Centrum BioSep koncentruje się na prowadzeniu interdyscyplinarnych badań naukowych z zakresu diagnostyki medycznej – wczesnego wykrywania chorób nowotworowych i poszukiwania biomarkerów oraz monitoringu chemicznego i biologicznego.

6

Monitoring pomników przyrody na terenie Parku Zamkowego w Żywcu

Salachna A., Czech A., Matlakiewicz Ł, Żarnowiec J.

Inżynieria Ekologiczna

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2017

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Vol. 18, nr 2

136--141

PL

W pracy przedstawiono wyniki monitoringu drzew pomnikowych występujących na terenie Parku Zamkowego w Żywcu, stanowiącego jedną z najcenniejszych zabytkowych kolekcji dendrologicznych w województwie śląskim. Spośród 27 badanych pomników przyrody większość (76%) jest w zadawalającym stanie zdrowotnym i wymaga jedynie niewielkich zabiegów pielęgnacyjnych. Spośród pozostałej grupy – 13% cechuje stan dobry a w przypadku 11% konieczne jest podjęcie natychmiastowych zabiegów pielęgnacyjnych i/lub leczniczych.

EN

The paper presents results of monitoring of trees monumenst of Park Zamkowy in Żywiec, which is a one of most valuable dendrological collection in the Silesia region. It was found that among the 27 studied monuments of nature, most (76%) is in a satisfactory state of health and requires only care intervention. Of the remaining group 13% presented of good condition and for 11% it is necessary to take immediate treatments.

7

Landscape Patch Pattern Effect on Relationships between Soil Properties and Earthworm Assemblages: A Comparison of two Farmlands of Different Spatial Structure

Regulska E., Kołaczkowska E.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2015

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Vol. 63, nr 4

549--558

EN

Our survey was carried out in two study sites of approximately 3.3 ha each located in the Suwałki Lake District in NE Poland in the year 2008. Earthworms and soil samples were collected during two campaigns (spring and autumn) from 25 × 25 cm and 30 cm deep sampling points. The complex arable landscape (CAL) supported higher earthworm diversity, density and biomass than the similarly managed but homogeneous arable landscape (HAL). The spring and autumn earthworm sampling campaigns revealed very different patterns, and we conclude that autumn sampling is the most adequate for biomonitoring. On the other hand, the spring collections were significantly correlated to soil physical parameters, thus spring sampling is more suitable for studying such correlations. Significant correlations occurred almost exclusively for CAL and the soil parameters significantly relating with earthworm community were: soil moisture, nitrogen and organic carbon contents. The possible reason for it is the presence of numerous refuges for lumbricids offered by field margins, balks, woodlots and meadows in the CAL and lack of them in the HAL.

8

An attempt to prepare Macrophyte Index for Rivers for assessment watercourses in Kazakhstan

Muratov R., Zhamangara A., Beisenova R., Akbayeva L., Szoszkiewicz K., Jusik S., Gebler D.

Meteorology Hydrology and Water Management. Research and Operational Applications

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2015

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Vol. 3, Iss. 2

27--32

EN

Monitoring of water ecosystems in Kazakhstan is based generally on chemical indicators. Biological indicators, such as macroinvertebrates and a phytoplankton are rarely used. Sometimes some macrophyte species of are used for the assessment of water quality. The aim of the study was to analyse the possibilities of the introduction of the Polish monitoring system based on aquatic plants for rivers in Kazakhstan watercourses. The Polish method uses the Macrophyte Index for Rivers (MIR) and it has been prepared for the purposes of the EU Water Framework Directive. The systematic structure of Kazakhstan’s water plants were analyzed and compared with the macrophyte list of Poland. Flora of Kazakhstan was used as the main source of information and some recent publications were analyzed as well. It was found that the aquatic flora of Kazakhstan is rich and a total of 240 taxa of emergent and submerged plants are identified in the country. We have confirmed that a large number of aquatic plants recorded in Kazakhstan are recognized as bioindicators. The ecological tolerance and sensitivity of the identified bioindicators was analysed. A preliminary nine taxa with the the highest indicator weight in the MIR system (W = 3) were detected as the most sensitive indicators in Kazakhstan flora: Sciuro-hypnum plumosum, Scapania sp., Ceratphyllum demersum, C. submersum, Potamogeton lucens, P. praelongus, Lemna gibba, Menyanthes trifoliata and Acorus calamus. It was found that the MIR index can be applied in Kazakhstan, especially if we enrich the list of indicative species with the local macrophytes, which were not included in the original version. The list of potential indicator-species includes: Ranunculus altaicus, Ranunculus natans, Althenia filiformis, Nelumbo nucifera, Trapa incise which does not occur in Europe and Nuphar pumila, Nymphoides peltata, Ranunculus rionii, Rorippa palustris, Trapa natans, Utricularia intermedia, U. minor, Eleocharis acicularis and Vallisneria spiralis.

9

How do environmental parameters relate to macroinvertebrate metrics ? - prospects for river water quality assessment

Błachuta J., Szoszkiewicz K., Gebler D., Schneider S.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2014

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Vol. 62, nr 1

111--122

EN

The aim of the study was to demonstrate the relationship between macroinvertebrate assemblages and aquatic vegetation interacting with chemical and geomorphological factors. The survey was carried out in the catchment of a lowland river in Poland in the year 2009. Macroinvertebrate samples were collected on 19 river sites during two campaigns (spring and autumn) and 13 macroinvertebrate metrics were calculated. Indices were selected to reflect pressures associated with organic pollutants, morphological and general degradation of rivers. Hydromorphological assessment was undertaken according to the River Habitat Survey (RHS). Water samples for chemical analysis were collected monthly during the whole year, and nine chemical parameters were analysed. Macrophyte surveys made it possible to calculate seven parameters. It was found that macroinvertebrates collected in spring and autumn showed very different patterns and that only the spring samples showed a significant relationship between macroinvertbrates and water quality, which means that spring sampling is most important for biomonitoring. Only three macroinvertebrate metrics, i.e. SIGI (German Saprobic Index), EPT (indicating the relative abundance of Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera) and MBI (index used for river ecological status assessment), responded significantly to water pollution. Macrophytes and macroinvertebrates responded differently to environmental gradients and these organism groups deliver different information for monitoring.

10

Monitoring Changes in Dynamic Multiset Systems

Ciobanu G., Sburlan D.

Fundamenta Informaticae

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2014

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Vol. 134, nr 1/2

67--82

EN

Models of biological systems expressed as multiset rewriting systems can be very complex, impeding the analysis of their behaviour. In this paper we propose a practical solution to this problem, in the form of change monitors, i.e. computational instruments which synchronise with the model and record its behaviour. Change monitors play the role of passive observers. Since change monitors can automatically identify specific behaviours generated by the model under investigation, it is sufficient to focus only on the output produced by the monitors (instead of examining the dynamics of the initial model).

11

Response of exposed detached lichens to atmospheric elemental deposition

Freitas M., Pacheco A.M.G., Baptista M.S., Dionisio I., Vasconcelos M.T.S.D., Cabral J.P.

Proceedings of ECOpole

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2007

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Vol. 1, No. 1/2

15--21

EN

Samples of Flavoparmelia caperala (L.) Hale thalli, from a clean area in northern Portugal (Baião), were transplanted into an exposure location at the south-western Atlantic coast, impacted by urban-industrial emissions (Sines), for a ten-month long experiment split into five terms of assessment (two months each). Through the experiment, the site was also monitored for atmospheric bulk deposition, and a novel transplantation procedure has been implemented. Lichen thalli were detached from their bark substrate (phorophyte: Pinus pinaster (Ait.) Sol.), cleansed and sorted, cut into small regular pieces, and then confined into 47-mm (diameter) petrislides. The former procedure enables an accurate measurement of the effective lichen area - thus avoiding the common practice of expressing lichen-biomonitoring data on a dry-weight basis - and contributes to abating some variability in the starting (unexposed) material. Every two months, the whole set of samples (four field replicates) was brought back into the laboratory, together with the collected deposition, and replaced by a fresh batch of biological and physical samplers. Analytical techniques for determinations in lichens and deposition were INAA, AAS and ICP-MS. The results indicate that: 1) the biological signals of detached lichens are compatible with sources in the area; 2) there is an appreciable number of airborne elements significantly enriched in (exposed) lichen samples, including some of great environmental interest; and 3) the cumulative contents per unit area of detached-lichen material are likely to provide an acceptable estimate of the atmospheric availability of enriched elements, as measured by their cumulative contents in the dry residues of bulk deposition.

PL

Na południowo-zachodnic wybrzeże Atlantyku, zanieczyszczone przez emisje miejsko-przemyslowc z m. Sines, transplantowano próbki plech porostów Flavoparmelia caperata (L) z czystego obszaru w północnej Portugalii (Baião). Zastosowano nowe procedury transplantowania porostów. Podczas eksperymentu badano całkowity opad atmosferyczny. Próbki porostów eksponowano przez dziesięć miesięcy w pięciu etapach, po dwa miesiące każdy. Piechy porostów byty oddzielane od kory sosny (Pinus pinaster (Ait.) Sol), oczyszczane i sortowane, cięte na maté regularne kawałki i umieszczane w szalkach Petriego o średnicy 47 mm. Procedura ta umożliwia dokładny pomiar efektywnej powierzchni porostu (unikając w ten sposób powszechnej praktyki wyrażania danych biomonitoringowych w odniesieniu do masy suchej próbki w stanie suchym), co przyczynia się do lepszego scharakteryzowania pierwotnego (nieeksponowanego) materiału. Co dwa miesiące komplet próbek (4 powtórzenia) był przenoszony do laboratorium wraz z zebranym opadem i zastąpiony przez nowy zestaw próbników biologicznych i fizycznych Dla badania porostów i opadów wykorzystano następujące techniki analityczne: INAA, AAS i ICP-MS. Wyniki wskazują, że: 1) zmiany biologiczne w transplantowanych porostach są spowodowane przez lokalne źródła, 2) eksponowane próbki porostów zakumulowały znaczną liczbę pierwiastków, w tym bardzo interesujące z punktu widzenia badań środowiskowych, 3) zawartość pierwiastków zakumulowanych w jednostce powierzchni transplantowanego porostu jest dobrym wskaźnikiem ilości badanych pierwiastków w atmosferze, na co wskazuje porównanie tych danych z wartościami oznaczonymi w suchych pozostałościach całej depozycji.

12

Response of exposed detached lichens to atmospheric elemental deposition

Freitas M., Pacheco A.M.G., Baptista M.S., Dionisio I., Vasconcelos M.T.S.D., Cabral J.P.

Chemia i Inżynieria Ekologiczna

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2007

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Vol. 14, nr 7

631-644

EN

Samples of Flavoparmelia caperata (L.) Hale thalli, from a clean area in northern Portugal (Baiao), were transplanted into an exposure location at the south-western Atlantic toast, impacted by urban-industrial emissions (Sines), for a ten-month long experiment split into five terms of assessment (two months each). Through the experiment, the Bite was also monitored for atmospheric bulk deposition, and a novel transplantation procedure has been implemented. Lichen thalli were detached from their bark substrate (phorophyte: Pinus pinaster (Ait.) Sol.), cleansed and sorted, cut into small regular pieces, and then confined into 47-mm (diameter) petrislides. The procedure enables an accurate measurement of the effective lichen area - thus avoiding the common practice of expressing lichen-biomonitoring data on a dry-weight basis - and contributes to abating some variability in the starting (unexposed) material. Every two months, the whole set of samples (four field replicates) was brought back into the laboratory, together with the collected deposition, and replaced by a fresh batch of biological and physical samplers. Analytical techniques for determinations in lichens and deposition were INAA, AAS and ICP-MS. The results indicate that, 1 } the biological signals of detached lichens are compatible with sources in the area; 2) there is an appreciable number of airborne elements significantly enriched in (exposed) lichen samples, including some of great environmental interest; and 3) the cumulative contents per unit area of detached-lichen material are likely to provide an acceptable estimate of the atmospheric availability of enriched elements, as measured by their cumulative contents in the dry residues of bulk deposition.

PL

Na poludniowo-zachodnic wybrzeże Atlantyku, zanieczyszczone przez emisje miejsko-przemysłowe z m. Sines, transplantowano próbki plech porostów Flavoparmelia caperate (L.) z czystego obszaru w północnej Portugalii Zastosowano nowe procedury transplantowania porostów. Podczas eksperymentu badano całkowity opad atmosferyczny. Próbki porostów, eksponowano przez dziesięć miesięcy w pięciu etapach, po dwa miesiące każdy. Plechy porostów były oddzielane od kory sosny (Pinus pinaster (Ait.) Sol), oczyszczane i sortowane, cięte na małe regularne kawałki i umieszczane w szalkach Petriego o średnicy 47 nim. Procedura ta umożliwia dokładny pomiar efektywnej powierzchni porostu (unikając w ten sposób powszechnej praktyki wyrażania danych biomonitoringowych w odniesieniu do masy suchej próbki w stanie suchym), co przyczynia się do lepszego scharakteryzowania pierwotnego (nieeksponowanego) materiału. Co dwa miesiące komplet próbek (4 powtórzenia) był przenoszony do laboratorium wraz z zebranym opadem i zastąpiony przez nowy zestaw próbników biologicznych i fizycznych. Do badania porostów i opadów wykorzystano następujące techniki analityczne: INAA, AAS i ICP-MS. Wyniki wskazują, że 1) zmiany biologiczne w transplantowanych porostach są spowodowane przez lokalne źródła; 2) eksponowane próbki porostów zakumulowały znaczną liczbę pierwiastków, w tym bardzo interesujących z punktu widzenia badań środowiskowych; 3) zawartość pierwiastków zakumulowanych w jednostce powierzchni transplantowanego porostu jest dobrym wskaźnikiem ilości badanych pierwiastków w atmosferze, na co wskazuje porównanie tych danych z wartościami oznaczonymi w suchych pozostałościach całej depozycji.

13

Sample Preparation Followed by High Performance Liquid Chromatographic (HPLC) Analysis for Monitoring Muconic Acid as a Biomarker of Occupational Exposure to Benzene

Shahtaheri S. J., Ghamari F., Golbabaei F., Rahimi-Froushani A., Abdollahi M.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2005

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Vol. 11, No. 4

377--388

EN

Factors affecting solid phase extraction (SPE) of trans,trans-muconic acid (ttMA), as a benzene biomarker, including sample pH, sample concentration, sample volume, sample flow rate, washing solvent, elution solvent, and type of sorbent were evaluated. Extracted samples were determined by HPLC-UV (high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet). The analytical column was C18, UV wave length was 259 nm, and the mobile phase was H2O/methanol/acetic acid run at flow rate of 1 ml/min. A strong anion exchange silica cartridge was found successful in simplifying SPE. There was a significant difference between recoveries of ttMA when different factors were used (p < .001). An optimum recovery was obtained when sample pH was adjusted at 7. There was no significant difference when different sample concentrations were used (p > .05). The optimized method was then validated with 3 different pools of samples showing good reproducibility over 6 consecutive days and 6 within-day experiments.

14

The European Union's water framework directive - a new challenge in monitoring water quality

Allan I.J., Vrana B., Greenwood R., Dominiak E., Mills G.A.

Chemia i Inżynieria Ekologiczna

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2005

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Vol. 12, nr 5-6

503-518

EN

The monitoring or water quality usually involves spot or bottle sampling followed by instrumental analysis to determine pollutant concentrations. Despite many advantages, this method bas limitations in terms of temporal and spatial resolution that may be achieved at reasonable cost, and in the bioavailability assessment or pollutants. The successful implementation or the Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC) across EU member-states will require the establishment and use or alternative emerging and low-cost tools as part or water quality monitoring programmes in the future. These techniques may complement monitoring already in place by providing additional information with the aim of obtaining a more representative picture or the status or a water body. This article discusses the requirements or the Water Framework Directive and outlines a number of biological and chemical monitoring methods or tools that could be used in the future to support and underpin the Directive.

PL

Monitoring jakości wody polega zwykle na punktowym pobieraniu próbek z użyciem odpowiednich próbników, po którym następuje etap analizy w celu określenia stężenia zanieczyszczeń. Pomimo wielu zalet, metoda ta ma ograniczenia w zakresie badania rozkładu czasowego i przestrzennego zanieczyszczeń oraz w zakresie oceny biodostępności zanieczyszczeń. Wdrożenie Ramowej Dyrektywy Wodnej (2000/60/EC) w krajach Unii Europejskiej będzie wymagało wprowadzenia i użycia w programach monitoringu jakości wody tanich instrumentów alternatywnych. Zastosowanie tych technik umożliwi uzyskanie dodatkowych informacji dających pełniejszy obraz stanu wody. W artykule omówiono wymagania Ramowej Dyrektywy Wodnej oraz przedstawiono liczne biologiczne i chemiczne metody oraz narzędzia monitoringu, które mogą być użyte w przyszłości w celu wsparcia Dyrektywy.

15

Monitoring lasów w Polsce - problemy i kierunki rozwoju

Jaszczak R.

Inżynieria Ekologiczna

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2001

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Nr 5

70--81

PL

Praca stanowi przegląd różnych form monitoringu lasów w Polsce. W ramach monitoringu biologicznego przedstawiono sprawy związane z oceną defoliacji koron. Zaprezentowano nowe aspekty projektowanej wielkopowierzchniowej inwentaryzacji stopnia uszkodzenia drzewostanów. W przypadku ustalania stref uszkodzenia lasu zwrócono uwagę na częstość ich określania, ilość wyróżnianych stref oraz na straty wynikające ze zmniejszenia się przyrostu miąższości. Zaakcentowano przydatność teledetekcji i systemów informacji przestrzennej do oceny stanu lasów. Rezolucje „procesu helsińskiego" i protokół z Kioto są powodem potrzeby monitorowania różnorodności biologicznej w lasach i zmian w bilansie węgla. Wolny wstęp do lasów w Polsce i szkody z tym związane rodzą potrzebę monitoringu rekreacyjnego lasów. Wszystkie formy monitoringu lasów służą kształtowaniu świadomości ekologicznej społeczeństwa.

EN

The study is a review of different forms of forest monitoring in Poland. Within the framework of biological monitoring, the paper presents problems associated with the assessment of crown defoliation. New aspects of a planned large-area inventory of the degree of stand damage were presented. In the case of establishment of forest damage zones attention was paid to the frequency of their determination, number of identified zones and losses resulting from the decrease in volume increment. The applicability of télédétection and systems of aerial information for the estimation of forest condition was accepted. Resolution of the „Helsinki process" and the Kioto protocol require signatories of these directives to monitor forest biological diversity and changes in carbon balance. Free access to forests in Poland and damages associated with it make it also necessary to monitor the recreational functions of forests. All forms of forest monitoring serve to improve ecological awareness of the public.

16

Monitoring biologiczny w toksykologii przemysłowej na przykładzie oceny narażenia zawodowego na styren

Buszewski B., Brygiert H.

Chemia i Inżynieria Ekologiczna

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1999

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Vol. 6, nr 11

1139-1147

PL

Omówiono znaczenie monitoringu biologicznego oraz środowiskowego w profilaktyce zagrożeń zdrowotnych u osób zawodowo narażonych na szkodliwe działanie substancji chemicznych. Na przykładzie styrenu przedstawiono zastosowanie biologicznego monitoringu wchłaniania tego związku w warunkach narażenia zawodowego. Wykazano, że zastosowanie monitoringu biologicznego przyczyniło się w badanej populacji do obniżenia ryzyka wystąpienia ujemnych skutków zdrowotnych związanych ze styrenem.

EN

The role of biological and environmental monitoring has been described in the health threats prophylactics for people occupationally exposed for harmful chemical substances. On the example of styrene the use of biological monitoring was presented, the uptake of this substance in the conditions of occupationally risks environment. It has been proved that application of the biological monitoring based on the elaborated procedures contributed to considerable limitation of health risk connected with occupational exposure to styrene.