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1

Effect of magnetic fields and fertilizers on grass and onion growth on technogenic soils

Vasilyeva Maria, Kovshov Stanislav, Zambrano Johnny, Zhemchuzhnikov Maxim

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2021

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no. 49

55--62

EN

The article deals with effect the use of organic (biohumus) and mineral (biochar) fertilizers based on the products of chicken vital activity on changing the fertility of technogenic sod-podzolic soils exposed to constant and unstable magnetic fields. The germination and growth dynamics of grasses and onions were investigated. The rational rate of introduction of the studied fertilizers into the technogenic soil is determined. Running (RMF) and direct (DMF) magnetic fields were applied in two ways: with fertilizers added and without fertilizers added. It has been established that the effect of preliminary magnetization of technogenic soil has a significant effect on lawn grass germination and the length of onion feathers, which are more than twice the height when exposed to the RMF, as compared with DMF. The effect of RMF on grass germination was also twice as high for DMF, when fertilizers were added. The DMF magnetization and biohumus helps to increase the grass sprout height by 10–20%. Onion sprouts were higher in two cases: DMF and biohumus; RMF and biochar. The influence of the factor of fertilizer type has a significant effect in 30–40% of cases, whilst at a spread rate of more than 5%, significant chemical activity of biochar negatively affects the germination of both grass and onion.

2

Applied Aspects of Humus Balance Modelling in the Rivne Region of Ukraine

Skrypchuk Petro, Zhukovskyy Viktor, Shpak Halyna, Zhukovska Nataliia, Krupko Halyna

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2020

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Vol. 21, nr 6

42--52

EN

The balance calculations in agriculture are the basis for assessing the value of land and determining how to use it effectively. Replenishing the humus balance in soils is a long and multifactorial process, and therefore requires considerable expenditures to control it. Therefore, scientists pay particular attention to the benefits and the need to create geoinformation portals, first and foremost, in the agricultural sector in order to create effective market-based tools for balancing soil quality. However, today Ukraine has little experience in creating portals and software for the implementation of soil fertility balance calculations in the online system for the purpose of organizing organic land use. The article deals with the methods of humus balance calculation and the formulation of the humus balance calculation task, which will take into account regional peculiarities of Ukraine’s Rivne region with the possibility of scaling to other areas. A mathematical model of the corresponding problem using differential equations was constructed. A numerical solution was found and implemented as the e-calculator module of online information system. The integration of IT technologies with the example of humus balance e-calculator for organic land use will allow crop rotations modeling and volumes of organic fertilizer application to stabilize or improve the soil quality. The main task of the calculator was to provide specific recommendations for the land plot on the efficiency of its use. In addition, the information system provided the background information on the economic efficiency of the transition to organic farming, certification, processing and marketing rules. The user can independently specify the order of crops cultivation in rotation, the amount of organic fertilizer application and as a result will receive the possible variants of the total humus content in the soil, for different volumes of application of organic fertilizers (biohumus) using the e-calculator of humus balance. The testing and verification of the e-calculator was carried out on the last 40 years data of the Rivne branch of the Soils Protection Institute of Ukraine, taking into account the cultivated crops, the introduction of mineral and organic fertilizers.

3

Comparative studies of potato fertility and soil electrical conductivity after plants separate and in combination fertilization with zeolite, zeokarbofos and biohumus

Yedoyan R. H., Yedoyan T. V., Hovsepyan G. S.

Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Częstochowskiej. Budownictwo

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2013

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Z. 19 (169)

211--216

EN

We have studied the impact of potato drill sowing fertilization with zeokarbofos, zeolite and biohumus, both separately and in combination, on the soil conductivity and potato yield. It has been found out that fertility increases by 80÷140 g/ha compared with test one in all backgrounds. The highest yield has been received after applying zeokarbofos and biohumus to the soil in combination. Used fertilizers have increased soil specific electrical conductivity, which positively affects the plant fertility. We suggest to introduce the obtained results in agriculture and to take into account soil specific conductivity during soil fertility evaluation.

RU

Статья посвящена изучению урожайности картофеля и электропроводности почвы, удобряя растения цеолитом, цеокарбофосом и биогумусом в отдельности и совместно. Исследования показали, что применение удобрений обеспечивает урожайность в пределах 80-140 ц/га относительно контроля. Самая высокая урожайность получается при сочетании цеокарбофоса и биогумуса (450 ц/га). Принимаемые удобрения положительно влияют на повышение электропроводностьи почвы, вследствии чего повышается урожайность растений. Изучение электропроводности почвы относится к числу малоизученных проблем. Проведенные опыты могут быть использованы в сельском хозяйстве.

4

Zastosowanie modeli matematycznych procesu sorpcji do opisu usuwania HCH na wermikompoście

Ignatowicz K.

Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska

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2010

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Tom 12

526-542

PL

Na podstawie przeprowadzonych doświadczeń stwierdzono, że: 1. Wermikompost może być zastosowany do sorpcji HCH z roztworów wodnych. 2. Proces sorpcji HCH na wermikompoście najlepiej opisuje izoterma Freundlicha, Langmuira i Huttiga (R=0,98-0,99), co świadczy o niejednorodnej powierzchni sorbenta. Podczas sorpcji zachodzą reakcje nie tylko w monowarstwie, ale także dodatkowe wyraźne interakcje dające efekt sorpcji wielowarstwowej. 3. Uzyskano grupę izotermy S według klasyfikacji Gilesa, typ III według Braunaera. Potwierdza to występowanie dodatkowych interakcji dających efekt sorpcji wielowarstwowej.

EN

The analysis of the sorption process was carried out on the basis of obtained results (using Statistica programme). Freundlich, Langmuir, BET, Huttig, Temkin, Jovanovic isotherms were estimated as nonlinear models with least squares method using the Gauss-Newton algorithm. Based on literature data and own investigations the organochlorine pesticide HCH was selected as representative sorbate. This pesticide is found most often and in biggest concentrations around burials. During investigations chemically pure (99.8 š 0.2%) active substance HCH, produced by the Institute of Organic Synthesis in Warsaw was used.During research compost produced with the participation of the Califor-nian earthworm from stabilized municipal sewage sludge was used as sorbent. Plot for the processing of sludge into compost with earthworms participation were made on the soil ground, which consisted of compact clay. The bottom of plots was located at a distance greater than 1.5 m for the ground water level. On drained sand surface concrete slabs were located. This allows the mechanization of the works and protects earthworms against moles. The whole area of plots is surrounded by of concrete slabs with a height of 0.5 m. The bottom of the plot is covered with a layer of 15-20 cm of sawdust, which function as drainage, and at the same time regulate C/N ratio, which accuracy determines reproductive process of earthworms. Obtained results are presented in graphs - Fig. 3 to 8 and in Table 3. Basing on the experiments carried out it may be stated that:o Vermicompost May be applied for sorption of HCH pesticide from aqueous solutions.o The process of sorption of HCH pesticide on vermicompost is best described by Freundlich, Langmuir and Huttig isotherms (R = 0.98-0.99), suggesting a heterogeneous sorbent surface. During sorption reactions occur not only in monolayer, but also the additional interactions which show effect of multilayer sorption.o A group of isotherm S was obtained according to Giles classification, type III according to Braunaer. This confirms the existence of additional interactions which give the effect of multilayer sorption.

5

Podłoża Neomix do pojemnikowej uprawy roślin bez dokarmiania.

Nowosielski O.

Chemia i Inżynieria Ekologiczna

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1999

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Vol. 6, nr 9

899-907

PL

Do podłoża torfowo zrębkowego dodano w przeliczeniu na m sześcienny: 5 i 50 kg nawozu naturalnego o przedłużonym działaniu Polmix 4-4-6, uzyskując podłoża Neomix 1 i 2. Dodatek nawozu spowolnionego spowodował w podłożu Neomix 2 wzrost zawartości w 1 dm sześciennym azotu o 2 g, fosforu P2O5 o 2 g i potasu K2O o 3 g, co przy 8 litrach podłoża na roślinę powinno zaspokoić wymagania pokarmowe pomidora uprawianego na 6-7 gron. Uzyskane plony pomidora Remiz rzędu 5 kg owoców z rośliny przy 6 gronach i 8 dm sześciennych podłoża na roślinę są podobne w obiekcie z fertygacją i w obiekcie z podłożem Neomix 2 z nawożeniem wyłącznie przedwegetacyjnym. Na podłożu Neomix 2 z odpowiednią ilością nawozu o przedłużonym działaniu można zatem uprawiać pomidor bez dokarminia, uzyskując podobne plony owoców jak przy fertygacji.

EN

To 1 cubic metre of neomix substrate of sphagnum peat and composted wood cuts 5 and 50 kg of natural slow release fertilizer Polmix 4-4-6 were added and in obtained Neomix 2 substrates with 50 kg of Polmix fertilizer in each liter the content of nitrogen was increased in 2 g, the content of phosphorus P2O5 in 2 g and the content of potassium K2O in 3 g. It was expected that 8 cubic dm of such substrate is sufficient for growing tomato plant Perkoz to 6-7 clusters without top dressing. The obtained experimental results have shown that this expectation is right; in object with Neomix 2 substrate without top dressing the yields of Tomato Perkoz fruits are similar as in object with fertigation.